An investigation into the quantitative properties of the specific factors model of international trade

This paper presents a specification of a fundamental and popular model in the theory of international trade, the specific factors model. Data from 24 sectors of the Japanese economy are used. Simulated comparative static elasticities extend basic trade theory by uncovering and postulating the following quantitative properties:

1. (i) near factor price equalization with free trade;

2. (ii) high levels of specialization and trade across trading partners; and

3. (iii) concentrated benefits and diffused costs of protection.

Free trade can thus be expected to nearly equalize prices of similar inputs across countries and lead to high levels of specialization and trade.     

Policy analysis with Melitz-type gravity model: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan

Several governments worldwide aim at fostering agricultural productivity growth by providing investment support. However, the policy’s effect on trade for middle- and low-income countries has not been analyzed so far. This paper analyzes the impact of agricultural policies (credit subsidies and tariffs) on agricultural trade flows by modifying a Melitz-type structural gravity model for a small and open economy. According to the theory, trade flows are expected to increase with credit subsidies and decrease with partners’ applied tariff rates. We analyze bilateral agricultural trade flows between Kyrgyzstan and its 69 trading partners from 2007 to 2018 to test our theoretical findings. Applying the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimator, we find that credit subsidies effectively increase international trade flows while applied tariffs imposed on agricultural products reduce Kyrgyzstan’s export substantially. These results can be applied to similar economies with publicly available data where small budgetary efforts drive trade expansion.     

地区本位的新政治经济学分析

本文从新政治经济学角度，对中国经济转型过程中出现的地区本位现象进行了分析。建立了一个综合本地区居民福利、本地区生产企业福利、政府职能代理人（官员和公务员）本身的利益以及本地区政府财政收入四大块组成地区总福利函数模型．并解出了最优市场保护率。分析认为．地区本位现象的出现是地方政府基于多种利益关系考虑而实施的一种不合理却是必然的举措。     

资源型企业要素成本管理研究

本文针对自然资源产权属性和自身属性上的特殊性,及在勘探、开发、生产、销售过程中的显著特点,重点探讨了自然资源和智力资源的价值形成,并对旧有成本模式的缺点进行分析,在此基础上构建资源型企业要素成本核算和控制体系．     

The Macroeconomics Effects of Government Spending Under Fiscal Foresight

Consumption and output responses to fiscal shocks are studied in a model with fiscal foresight. Fiscal foresight reduces both output multipliers and consumption. However, key features such as sticky wages, credit constrained households and elastic labour supply, are able to generate both sizeable output multipliers and positive consumption, in effect preserving key Keynesian effects. This model fits a developing economy like South Africa well since it is able to capture transparent communication of government as well as control for credit constrained consumption and sticky wages.     

Tracking down the business cycle: A dynamic factor model for Germany 1820–1913

We use a Bayesian dynamic factor model in order to calculate an economic activity index for Germany prior to World War I. The procedure allows us to incorporate information from a vast number of time series, which are underutilized by historical national accounts. Therefore, our indicator provides an alternative measure for economic activity, based on a broader database. To investigate industrialization, we compare our aggregate measure of economic activity with sectoral activity indices. We find that the industrial transition was completed earlier than agricultural output and employment shares suggest, since the indicator for agriculture had already decoupled from the aggregate business cycle measure during the 1860s. Moreover, we find that stock prices are strongly correlated with our indicator, and lead it by 1–2 years.     

企业工资制度创新模式探讨——关于建立工资集体协商制度

我国企业工资制度的一种创新模式———工资集体协商制度 ,是与市场经济相适应的工资决定机制。这一工资制度在维护职工权益 ,协调劳资关系、促进经济发展、保护社会稳定等方面将发挥重要作用。本文着重阐述了应如何构建适合中国国情的工资集体协商制度     

感性营销策略——兼谈情侣商品的开发

最佳资本结构问题一直是财务理论研究中的热点问题 ,我国上市公司的资本结构大多不合理而又很难表现出来 ,因此建立资本结构评价模型更切合我国当前的实际需要。本文抽象出影响我国上市公司资本结构形成的九个因素 ,概括出 15个具体的指标 ,运用主成分分析法建立了我国上市公     

论厂商停止营业点与要素合理投入区间的关系

运用数学推理的方式说明厂商的停止营业点和要素合理投入区间的关系,可得出如下的结论:只有当产品市场和要素市场都完全竞争时,厂商的停止营业点才会位于要素合理投入区间的起点;两个市场中只要有一个为不完全竞争,厂商的停止营业点就会位于要素合理投入区间起点的左方(即生产的第一阶段);如果两个市场都不完全竞争,则厂商的停止营业点向要素合理投入区间起点左偏的效应将会叠加.     

长三角地区网络普及率对绿色全要素生产率的影响——基于面板门槛模型的实证研究

基于长三角地区26个城市2004—2019年的面板数据,运用数据包络分析模型,结合Malmquist-Luenberger指数,测算绿色全要素生产率(GTFP),在此基础上检验网络普及率与GTFP增长之间的非线性关系.结果表明:2004—2019年长三角地区GTFP整体呈下降趋势,且受绿色技术进步的影响强于绿色效率改进;根据门槛模型估计的结果,网络普及率对GTFP的增长具有显著的促进作用,这种促进作用在超过一定门限时有所减弱,为促进经济高质量发展,必须重视互联网对绿色发展效率的作用.     

长三角地区两种人口流动模式比较分析

经济发达的长三角地区存在着流动人口输入型和输出型两种相反的人口流动模式。文章以江苏人口第五次人口普查资料为样本,分别分析了两种人口流动模式的形成原因、经济效应和联系与区别。