The socio-economic determinants of COVID-19: A spatial analysis of German county level data

The study explores the association of socioeconomic, demographic, and health-related variables at the regional level with COVID-19 related cases and deaths in Germany during the so-called first wave through mid-June 2020. Multivariate spatial models include the 401 counties in Germany to account for regional interrelations and possible spillover effects. The case and death numbers are, for example, significantly positively associated with early cases from the beginning of the epidemic, the average age, the population density and the share of people employed in elderly care. By contrast, they are significantly negatively associated with the share of schoolchildren and children in day care as well as physician density. In addition, significant spillover effects on the case numbers of neighbouring regions were identified for certain variables, with a different sign than the overall effects, giving rise to further future analyses of the regional mechanisms of action of COVID-19 infection. The results complement the knowledge about COVID-19 infection beyond the clinical risk factors discussed so far by a socio-economic perspective at the ecological level.     

The macroeconomic effects of uncertainty shocks: The role of the financial channel

This paper studies the macroeconomic effects of uncertainty shocks with an emphasis on the interaction between elevated uncertainty and credit market conditions when the economy is in different regimes (recessions vs. non-recessions). We use a smooth-transition factor-augmented vector autoregression (ST-FAVAR) and a large monthly panel of U.S. macroeconomic and financial indicators in our estimation. Our findings are twofold. First, while an unanticipated increase in uncertainty has adverse effects on the real economy and financial markets, the effects are quantitatively larger during recessions. Second, the financial channel is important in the transmission of uncertainty shocks, with a greater role during recessions and in the short run.     

Knowledge-sharing rewards in enterprise social networks: effects of learner types and impact of digitisation

ABSTRACT

The era of total digitisation demands companies to seek innovative approaches in managing digital assets. This paper presents and studies an analytical model of an enterprise social network (ESN) employed by organisations in facilitating knowledge sharing and learning. Exploring the design of reward systems that motivate workers to share knowledge, we focus on how the dominant type of learners (avid or impressionable), the network structure of the ESN, and digitisation affect the reward systems. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners to implement appropriate reward systems to promote knowledge sharing and learning in ESNs.     

BP神经网络在项目投资风险分析中的应用

影响项目投资经济效益评价指标的参数很多,这些参数均具有一定的不确定性.由于各参数的不确定性,其项目投资经济效益评价指标值也是不确定的,因此,对投资项目所做的经济效益评价结论必将带有风险.在经济评价工作中,应当对这种风险作出合理的量化分析和估算,以了解项目的风险承受能力,并尽可能采取措施回避风险.本文共搜集了10个相似投资项目,根据BP神经网络工作原理筛选确定了6个影响和制约项目投资因素的指标作为神经网络的输入变量,并提出了基于BP神经网络的项目投资风险分析模型;其中7个投资项目作为训练样本,2个作为检测实例,最后一个进行敏感性分析.经过测算,其精度完全可以满足实际项目投资风险分析的需要.因此,神经网络在这方面有很好的应用前景.     

“影子”互联网对我国信息安全领域的影响

文章介绍了"影子"互联网的基本原理、美国发展"影子"互联网的意图,分析了"影子"互联网对我国信息安全领域带来的影响,并提出了应对措施。     

校园网流量分析与控制

本文提出了一套校园网流量分析系统的基本架构,并探讨了控制校园网流量的可行方法。     

Model selection in random effects models for directed graphs using approximated Bayes factors

With the development of an MCMC algorithm, Bayesian model selection for the p ₂ model for directed graphs has become possible. This paper presents an empirical exploration in using approximate Bayes factors for model selection. For a social network of Dutch secondary school pupils from different ethnic backgrounds it is investigated whether pupils report that they receive more emotional support from within their own ethnic group. Approximated Bayes factors seem to work, but considerable margins of error have to be reckoned with.     

小波神经网络对沪深A300的分析和预测

针对金融时间序列非平稳性、非线性的特点,本文采用小波分析与人工神经网络相结合的方法,对沪深A300收盘价进行分析和预测。结果表明,小波神经网络有较强的预测能力,能达到预期效果。为了验证该方法的预测能力,进一步将时间序列数据多步分段,全方位地进行预测,并与小波-ARIMA模型、BP神经网络预测方法进行比较,体现了小波神经网络的预测优势。     

网上信息侦听与分析系统的设计

互联网带给人们便利的同时,各种非法信息也迅速蔓延,为有效地屏蔽网络上的非法信息,本文提出了在Linux平台下对接收到的网络数据包进行分析,过滤各种不良信息的一种解决方案。该方案描述了网上侦听与分析系统的总体结构和整体设计概念,解析了系统实现的流程,给出了模块之间的相互关系,对各个模块的功能进行了描述,体现了系统的设计思想。     

基于大数据的网络用户行为分析

大数据的数据分析应用改变了人们的生活,同时深入影响了企业商业模式的创新。本文阐述了大数据的概念和特征,分析了大数据对于网络用户行为的影响,并对基于大数据的网络用户行为分析模式进行了实证研究。     

主成分分析与神经网络在物流中心选址决策中的应用

传统物流中心选址模型存在种种局限，本文通过综合主成分分析和神经网络方法降低神经网络规模，提高神经网络的泛化能力，在解决非线性系统的物流中心选址问题中显示了较高的精度和效率。     

The Influence of Network Management and Complexity on Network Performance in Taiwan,Spain and the Netherlands

Abstract

Using survey data of respondents involved in spatial planning projects in Taiwan, Spain and the Netherlands (n = 678), this article examines the influence of network management strategies and complexities (examined with regard to differences in perception of problems and solutions, and unexpected events) on perceived network performance. This theory-driven, empirical research shows that the effect of network management strategies on perceived performance is stronger than the impact of unexpected events or actors’ differences in perceptions of problems and solutions. We find this result in all the three countries. Our model explains 19.1 per cent of the variance in the perceived network performance.     

价值分析在企业外部供应网络合理化中的应用

以价值分析理论为指导思想,运用价值分析技术系统研究了企业外部供应网络的合理化,从而实现在保供的前提下提高企业经济效益的目的     

计算机网络安全及防范技术探析

计算机网络的普及和应用,极大地改变了人们的生活、工作方式,给大家带来了很大的方便。但与此同时,网络的安全问题也日益突出。本文阐述了网络攻击的特点,并提出网络安全的防范措施。     

The impact of the macroeconomic factors in the bank efficiency: Evidence from the Chinese city banks

This study uses stochastic frontier analysis to examine the impact of the regional disparities in the cost and profit efficiency for a sample of city commercial banks in China from 2005 to 2014. The results indicate that bank efficiency of Chinese City Commercial banks is positively correlated to the per capital GDP but negatively linked to urban population ratio. However, compared the eastern and non-eastern regions, there is a significant difference in effects of macroeconomic factors for bank efficiency. The macroeconomic conditions influence the efficiency of Chinese City Commercial banks in eastern regions are more significant than the others.     

The impact of credit and fiscal policy under a liquidity trap

This study examines the interaction of non-conventional credit policy and fiscal policy when adverse financial conditions drive the economy to a deep contraction and conventional monetary policy becomes ineffective as the policy interest rate reaches its effective lower bound. Consistent with other studies, under counter-cyclical financial intermediation costs, credit easing policies aimed at reducing credit spread ameliorate the response of the economy and lead to a faster recovery. More importantly, I find that expansionary fiscal policy during an episode of liquidity trap is associated with a large multiplier effect that prevents an otherwise deeper and longer recession. Moreover, the large impact of expansionary fiscal policy is maintained even if credit policy is already in place.     

企业网络化成长的性质与管理

在界定企业网络概念的基础上,本文提出企业价值网络的本质是非零和博弈的中间组织规制,企业网络化成长的关键是明确网络定位、优选网络成员、合理分配网络价值。     

The dynamic effects of infectious disease outbreaks: The case of pandemic influenza and human coronavirus

Pandemic influenza is a regularly recurring form of infectious disease; this work analyses its economic effects. Like many other infectious diseases influenza pandemics are usually of short, sharp duration. Human coronavirus is a less regularly recurring infectious disease. The human coronavirus pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) has presented with seemingly high transmissibility and led to extraordinary socioeconomic disruption due to severe preventative measures by governments. To understand and compare these events, epidemiological and economic models are linked to capture the transmission of a pandemic from regional populations to regional economies and then across regional economies. In contrast to past pandemics, COVID-19 is likely to be of longer duration and more severe in its economic effects given the greater uncertainty surrounding its nature. The analysis indicates how economies are likely to be affected due to the risk-modifying behaviour in the form of preventative measures taken in response to the latest novel pandemic virus.