建筑产品价格探讨

通过对建筑产品价格形成基础、影响因素、形成方式的研究,系统揭示建筑产品价格的运动规律,为承包方、发包方及政府部门的正确决策提供参考。     

住宅建筑计价方式调整的经济后果分析

本文从我国住宅建筑计价方式调整的背景出发,对当前我国住宅建筑计价方式调整必要性及调整后可能带来的经济后果进行分析,并从消费者、开发商、政府三个主体在住宅计价方式调整中存在的利益博弈进行分析,针对套内计价政策的推行可能存在的问题,以期为住宅建筑计价方式调整的顺利开展提供相关配套措施建议。     

建筑产品价格与工程量清单计价的完善

工程造价是工程建设的核心内容,也是建设市场运行的核心内容。建筑产品作为特殊的商品其价格形成具有显著的特点。文章针对建筑产品价格形成的特点,对工程量清单计价的实施、工程量清单计价运行中存在的问题以及工程量清单计价的完善,做出一些研究和探讨。     

论工程造价管理体制与建筑产品价格形成方式的关系

本文在标准招标模型的基础上,结合我国从计划经济向市场经济型时期工程造价管理体制的变化,建立了包含体制因素在内的、新的招投标机制选择模型。通过此模型本文对我国目前建筑产品价格形成中出现问题的根源进行了剖析,并对经济转型时期工程造价管理体制的进一步改革提出了政策建议。     

两种不同存货计价方法对财务报表分析的影响

在一个企业中,存货是一个重要的项目,往往在资产中占较大的比重,存货价值的低估或高估将直接影响到当期利润,因而,存货计价正确与否,对财务报表分析有着重大的影响。我国《企业会计准则》规定：“各种存货发出时,企业可以根据实际情况,选择使用先进先出法、加权平均法、移动平均法、个别计价法、后进先出法等方法确定其实际成本。”由于对同一业务允许采用不同的计价方法,财务信息的可比性受到影响。在进行财务报表分析时,必须对这一情况进行认真分析。本文拟对后进先出法和先进先出法对财务报表的影响进行分析。一、两种存货计价…     

浅谈工程量清单计价方式

建设项目工程量清单计价模式是应该与市场经济体制相适应的一种投标计价模式,这种模式贯彻了国家工程造价管理体制改革的原则,实现了“政府宏观控制,市场形成价格”的工程造价改革目标,建议以“实体工程量清单”计价,加强企业对项目实施阶段工程造价的控制。     

建筑工程量清单计价方法

随着工程工程量清单2004版,2008版,2013版的推行,工程量清单推行日趋规范,工程招投标报价由原来的投标单位根据图纸自编工程量利用地方基价报价改为由招标单位提供工程量清单,投标单位根据招标单位提供工程量清单报价。合理、公允的用工程量清单计算工程量是每个造价人员的责任。本文先从注意事项浅谈应用工程量清单计算,然后用一个小案例计算并列项工程量清单。适用于初学工程量清单者和中高职学生的技能大赛计算。     

浅析影响房地产价格的三大政策因素

文章在根据近年房地产市场迅速发展的基础上,对房地产价格的影响较大的土地政策、金融政策和财税政策等三大宏观调控政策进行了深入的分析。     

Impact of electronic road pricing on real estate prices in Singapore

Since 1998, Singapore has had an Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system set up with a network of toll gantries to tax vehicles entering designated areas in the city center during peak hours. Using the congestion rate hike with effect from November 1, 2010 as an exogenous shock, we test the effects of the ERP rate hike on retail, office and residential real estate prices. The results show that the November 2010 congestion toll rate increases cause a 19% drop in retail real estate prices within the cordon ERP areas relative to retail real estate prices outside the cordon ERP areas. The results are statistically and economically significant. However, the toll rate hike has no significant impact private office and residential real estate within cordoned ERP areas. The robustness and falsification tests could not reject the negative effects associated with the toll rate hike on retail real estate prices.     

Hospital performance standards and medical pricing: The impact of information disclosure in cardiac care

A policy concern is that the initiation of Hospital Compare (HC) reporting in Medicare provided leverage to insurers in price negotiations for lowering private sector prices without regard to hospital performance. Using the sequential Nash bargaining framework we provide economic intuition to the contrary: while average hospital prices decline under quality disclosures, hospitals with above‐average quality are able to exert a stronger bargaining position, consequently capturing prices above the market rate. To explore this issue empirically we estimate variants of difference‐in‐difference models, examining the effects of the three main scores (heart attack, heart failure, and combined mortalities) on transaction prices of related hospital procedures. States which had similar mandated reporting systems in place before the initiation of HC form the control group. Analyzing claims data of privately insured patients, we find that HC exerted downward pressure on prices. However, hospitals rated “above‐average” captured higher prices, thereby offsetting the overall policy effect fully or partially. Leads and lags analysis lends further support for our difference‐in‐difference approach. We find that highly ranked hospitals received a quality premium of 8–14%, comparable to price effects found in other health care markets. We conclude that HC was effective at constraining prices without penalizing high performers.     

浅析项目法人制对公路工程造价的影响

文章通过分析项目法人制的利弊,提出在项目法人制管理下对工程造价控制的对策和建议。     

The asymmetric effect of crude oil prices on stock prices in major international financial markets

The aim of this paper is to explore the potential asymmetric impacts of positive and negative shocks in crude oil prices on stock prices in six major international financial markets which include China, Hong Kong, America, Japan, Britain, and Germany. We test for these asymmetric effects on 8 major international financial markets indices over the 2007M01–2020M03 periods. Our independent measures include the prices of Brent crude oil futures and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) futures. We use the nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model proposed by Shin et al. (2014), which can capture both short- and long-run nonlinearities through positive and negative partial sum decompositions of the explanatory variables. This research finds that positive and negative fluctuations of oil price have asymmetric effects on stock price index in four financial markets, but the performance of the asymmetry is different. Specifically, the impacts of volatility in oil prices on two indices of Chinese stock prices are different, and the asymmetric effects of oil price volatility on stock price indices in China and other financial markets are significantly different.     

基于博弈论的城市道路交通拥挤收费分析

针对城市道路交通拥挤不断加剧,交通供需不平衡矛盾日益尖锐的现实问题,在分析城市道路交通拥挤收费基本原理的基础上,应用博弈论的分析方法,针对交通出行车与交通管理者之间的拥挤收费进行了博弈分析,以期对我国实施该政策具有借鉴意义。     

商业银行贷款定价体系的构建

银行贷款利率与资本市场息息相关。文章通过对金融市场的分析,研究了我国商业银行贷款定价体系是对其的必要补充。     

基于道德的企业产品定价博弈模型及其分析

企业产品定价道德是指导产品定价活动中企业行为善恶的规范。利用博弈方法对产品定价过程中企业的道德问题进行了理论分析,在建立基于道德的企业产品定价静态博弈模型和基于企业长期收益的重复动态博弈模型的基础上,对其纳什均衡结果进行分析,找出了影响企业道德水平的主要因素,并确定了具体的控制水平,为管理实践中的定价道德控制提供了理论依据。     

Financial intermediation and real estate prices impact on business cycles: A Bayesian analysis

How do financial intermediation and real estate prices impinge on the business cycle? I develop a two-sector stochastic general equilibrium model with financial intermediation and real estate collateral to assess the impact of financial conditions and land prices on aggregate fluctuations. I estimate the model with Bayesian methods using a novel data set that includes U.S. macro and financial variables during the period 1975–2010. The results from the estimated model show that financial conditions have a sizable effect on the variability of investment spending, while productivity shocks are the main source of consumption fluctuations. Specifically, on the macro side, (1) financial shocks explain about three quarters of investment spending variability and one third of the variance in hours worked. On the financial side, (2) financial shocks explain most of the variability in land prices, credit spread, and aggregate net worth of the financial sector. The model also accounts for observed unconditional moments of macro and financial variables. Our quantitative results are suggestive of the impact of diverse sources of financial instability, and as such relevant for macro prudential policy analysis.     

铅精矿进口定价方法研究

作为铅精矿的最大进口国,我国很少掌握国际定价权。文章简要分析了我国铅精矿的进口特征,随后归纳论述了影响铅精矿进口定价的主要技术因素,最后结合贸易实践设计了在固定费用定价方式下的进口价格计算步骤及公式。