通货膨胀及其影响因素的动态分析

文章通过建立宏观经济模型对1995--2010年间我国通货膨胀的动态走势进行了研究。结果表明：我国货币市场不仅存在实际货币需求、真实GDP和名义利率间的长期均衡关系,在贸易市场上还存在名义汇率、国内价格水平和国外价格水平之间的长期均衡关系。误差修正模型表明通货膨胀的短期波动依赖于货币供给、名义利率和实际GDP的变化,且具有很强的通货膨胀惯性,货币市场和贸易市场非均衡对通货膨胀的变化也有重要影响。     

我国货币供应量、物价水平与经济增长之间关系的实证研究

针对我国2001～2010年季度数据,通过使用协整关系检验、格兰杰因果检验以及方差分解分析方法进行实证研究发现,长期内我国货币供给的变化与物价和产出的变化之间存在唯一的协整关系;同时存在一个单向的Granger因果关系:货币供给增长率是物价水平增长率的Granger原因,即长期内货币供应量仅对物价水平产生影响。最后根据实证分析结果对货币政策选择提出政策建议。     

Why is Inflation in China a Monetary Phenomenon？

This paper proposes that inflation in China during the post‐reform era (1978 onwards) is always a monetary phenomenon. We construct a multivariate dynamic model based on Friedman's quantity theory of money and use the standard Granger causality test to show that money growth contains significant predictive power for inflation during the underlying period. The finding is robust to alternative measures of monetary aggregates and both closed and open economy frameworks. The baseline finding of the paper indicates that quantitative tools remain the most important policy instruments for China to manage its inflation effectively.     

Demand for broad money and expenditure components in Japan: an empirical study

The main objective of the present study is to examine empirically the long-run relation of broad money demand and its determinants in Japan. In contrast with previous study, the present study considers various components of final expenditure demand as determinants that are final consumption goods, expenditure on investment goods and exports. Using quarterly data over the period 1973Q1–2000Q2, the results of the bounds test [J. Appl. Econ. 16 (2001) 289] indicate a stable long-run relationship between demand of real M2 and its determinants. The empirical results also highlight that different domestic demand components yields different effects on Japanese broad money demand behavior. The estimated unrestricted error-correction model appears to track the data well and the results have important policy implications.     

对通货膨胀压力下人民币升值的思考

目前,我国经济正处在人民币升值与通货膨胀的两难境地。在输入型通胀和国内物价上涨的压力下,人民币升值被更多地寄予了抑制通胀的期望。不少政界、学术界人士都在强调人民币升值可以抑制通胀,但是,人民币升值对抑制通胀的贡献究竟有多大,值得深入研究。从本轮通货膨胀形成的原因分析,力图找出解决通胀与人民币升值问题的最佳宏观调控政策与措施。     

通胀、通胀预期和货币政策——基于中国2001—2010年数据的实证研究

文章用两种方法测度了我国通胀预期：（1）未来物价预期指数衡量通胀预期;（2）ARMA模型对通胀的预测值。并计量分析了影响通胀预期的因素,结果显示：CPI上升、正产出缺口增加和广义货币供应量增加,是形成通胀预期的主要因素。利率、人民币汇率和食品价格对通胀预期的形成作用不显著和影响较小。因此,存款准备金率动态微调,是目前管理好通胀预期的最好选择。     

我国通货膨胀与货币供应量、GDP的相关关系——基于1979-2012年数据的实证研究

本文通过34年来CPI变化率同M0、M1、M2、GDP增长率之间的关联度进行实证分析,发现我国的货币供应量对于物价水平变动有显著影响;且上一年的GDP对CPI变化率有着明显的影响,这主要是由于我国采用各种调控手段保证经济的长期高速增长引起的;此外,从货币供应量的三个统计口径来看,M2对物价水平的影响程度优于M0和M1。     

当前我国超额货币的测算与冲销对策

本文在测算我国超额货币的基础上,分析了当前我国超额货币的成因以及对经济的不利影响。结果表明当前我国超额货币现象严重,不仅诱发通货膨胀,而且削弱货币政策的效果。在此基础上,提出兜售央票,斩断人民币升值预期,合理使用外汇储备等政策建议。     

我国当前通货膨胀产生的原因探析——基于2010年至今数据的分析

我国目前通胀"高烧不退",严重影响了人们的生产、生活。政府对解决通胀问题也是煞费苦心,而要解决通胀问题,探究其产生的原因是基础。本文主要基于对2010年相关数据的收集,分别从货币供应量、人民币升值预期与传导机制受阻、全球流动性泛滥、食品价格上涨、劳动力与石油等刚性成本的上涨、政府负债、影子银行与民间借贷对我国当前通货膨胀产生的原因进行具体分析,以期能够对治理通胀有一定帮助。     

关于我国货币理论的实证研究

本文通过建立向量自回归模型,采用协整研究、脉冲响应及格兰杰因果性检验等计量经济学方法,就国内生产总值、居民消费物价水平、名义利率和货币供给量之间的关系进行了实证检验。结果表明,在我国的经济条件下,上述因素之间并不存在长期稳定的均衡关系。通过差分变换,对M2增长率、GDP增长率、CPI及利率等变量进行实证研究,并得出它们之间的协整关系。     

Espen Moe,Governance, Growth and Global Leadership: The Role of the State in Technological Progress, 1750–2000

Abstract

The concept of the ‘dissolution of estate society’ (standssamfunnets opplesning) has not been much used in Norwegian historical research. The great process of social change which took place in the 19th century, the main features of which have their counterparts in the social development of the other Scandinavian countries, has been discussed within other conceptual contexts. Norwegian historians have often stressed the contrast between an urban society and an agricultural society based on self-sufficiency, or between the people and their administrators. In economic history the changes which came with industrialization, and the shift from an agricultural economy based on self-sufficiency to an agricultural economy based on buying and selling, have been the subject of much research. In social and political history the subjects which have aroused the greatest interest have been the struggles of the farmers as well against the bureaucracy as against the commercial capitalism of the towns, and the role of the farmers in the movement towards political democracy.     

中国股票价格指数与宏观经济关系的实证研究

股票市场与经济增长之间的关系是经济学界中极富争议性的一个话题,而股票价格是否能反映国民经济状况,也是当前研究的热点问题。本文选择股票价格指数与经济增长,货币供应量以及进出口额的关系进行研究,通过协整检验等计量分析方法得出:中国股票价格指数和宏观经济增长指标相关性不强,股票价格指数在我国尚未起到"晴雨表"作用。     

Central Bank Autonomy,the Exchange Rate Constraint and Inflation: The Case of Italy, 1970–1992

This paper analyzes the determinants of inflation in Italy over the period 1970–1992. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of central bank independence in influencing monetary growth, and on the role of monetary growth and of the Exchange rate Mechanism (ERM) in affecting inflation. In the 1970s and early 1980s, when the Bank of Italy lacked independence and the ERM was still not credible, monetary growth was highly unstable and was the main determinant of Italian inflation, although oil price and tax shocks also played a role. After the March 1983 general exchange rate realignment and the French U-turn, the ERM became more credible and monetary growth stopped being a significant determinant of inflation; instead, the German inflation became the main variable influencing Italian inflation.     

Reserve Accumulation and Money Supply in China: A Time-Varying Analysis

This study investigates the causal relationship between reserve accumulation and money supply in China over the period of 1999 M1–2015 M6. First, we use a Granger causality test and find that there is a unidirectional relationship from money supply growth to reserve accumulation growth; however, taking structural changes into account, we assess stability of parameters of the estimated vector autoregressive models. We find both the short-run and long-run relationships between money supply growth and reserve accumulation growth estimated using full-sample data are unstable over the sample period. This suggests that full-sample causality tests cannot be relied upon. We turn to propose a time-varying (bootstrap) rolling-window approach to revisit the dynamic causal relationship between the two variables. We find that two variables have causal relationships in some sub-periods. We argue that reserve accumulation growth has put pressure on money supply growth. However, in general, sterilization is effective, but not in few months 2006–2007. And money supply has a positive reserve accumulation from the second half of 2001–2003 because RMB was undervalued under the fixed exchange rate regime. We argue that the improvements of monetary policy and the exchange rate regime are crucial to break the relationship between reserve accumulation growth and the money supply growth.