Perceptions of United Kingdom exporters in transferring technology into the People's Republic of China

The objective of this study was to identify for UK firms active in transferring technology into the PRC, their perceptions of the market and their clients. The research was progressed by questionnaire and interview. The companies approached were selected on the basis of contracts listed in Chinese government publications and the financial press.
The main findings relate to the lack of awareness in the UK of the role of the Chinese research institutes, the poor quality of Chinese management, the inadequacy of infrastructure and training needed to support the new technology and the absence of problems arising from cultural differences or leakage of proprietary information. The Chinese are eager to obtain new technology although there is some difficulty in identifying suppliers.     

解析传媒对服饰流行的导向作用

本文主要研究传媒对服饰流行的影响。具体分析时尚杂志对服饰流行的导向作用,以及畅销书籍、热播影视作品、明星穿着打扮、流行音乐、外来文化及个人审美对服饰流行的影响。进一步阐明了这些因素与服饰流行之间的内在联系。     

Resolving ethical conflicts at workthrough cooperative goals and constructive controversy in the People's Republic of China

The idea of constructive controversy and the theory of cooperation and competition together suggest the type of interaction that promotes satisfactory resolution of ethical conflicts and the conditions under which this occurs. A sample of 101 Chinese mainland employees described and rated a critical incident of an ethical conflict at work. Structural equation analyses indicated that when the employees had goals that were cooperatively related with those of other stakeholders in the conflict, rather than competitive or independent goals, this facilitated constructive controversy, i.e., open-minded discussion, which, in turn, led to effective outcomes in terms of substantive ethical impact and interactional justice. Results also indicated that high levels of moral intensity strengthened competitive goals and rendered constructive controversy less likely. Implications are that organizations should make it clear to members that conflict avoidance and moral muteness are inappropriate responses to ethically unsound practices and policies, that it is important to detect ethically questionable behaviours or policies at an early stage, and that wherever possible these should be discussed promptly, before an uncomfortably high level of moral intensity is reached. Constructive controversy is suggested as a process through which corporate codes of conduct may be developed.     

Subcultures in Greater China: A Comparison of Managerial Values in the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan

Managerial values in the three regions that form Greater China — Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the People's Republic of China (PRC) — were compared. It is posited that in addition to Confucian philosophy, political and economic systems also have significant effects on the values of Chinese managers. Results show that despite the economic integration in Greater China, managerial values have yet to be unified. Managers in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the PRC are convergent in collectivism and uncertainty avoidance. On the other hand, managers in the PRC demonstrated higher power distance and less concern about deadlines and plans than in managers Hong Kong and Taiwan. Materialism is also greater in the PRC and Hong Kong than in Taiwan.     

低成本战略和新世纪中国石化工业的风险规避

随着亚太地区正逐渐成为新的全球能源消费中心，我国炼油、石化企业有较大的发展，我国的石油资源供需缺口和对外依存度正在逐年上升，由此带来的资源风险也在逐年提高。文章通过对国际油价变化的市场和政治因素的分析，提出了21世纪的中国石化工业在石油资源、能源消耗、氢资源利用以及资产投资等方面需要采取的低成本战略，以规避石化行业各种风险的到来，保障我国石化工业以致整个国民经济的健康发展。     

分享昨天期待明天--记"建国55周年石油经济座谈会"

9月29日,为庆祝建国55周年,本刊编辑部邀请部分石油经济界的老领导、老专家在京召开了“建国55周年石油经济座谈会”。回顾55年来我国石油工业所走过的光辉历程和石油经济领域发生的重大变化,老前辈们感慨良多。追忆过去的火红岁月,石油人战天斗地拿下一个个大油田的一幕幕场景似乎就发生在昨天,而“有条件上,没有条件创造条件也要上”的石油精神已代代相传,为石油行业的长期发展奠定了根基。55年来,石油工业随着整个国民经济的发展,逐步从计划经济体制转向市场经济体制,     

Profitability, Ownership Structure and Technical Efficiency of Enterprises in the People's Republic of China: A Case of Manufacturing Industries in Shanghai

This paper studies the relationship between accounting profits and technical efficiency of manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai during the period 1989–1992 and examines which factors affect the profitability of manufacturing enterprises. We first estimate the average technical efficiency of four major manufacturing industries in Shanghai. Then, we test for the presence of ownership effects of technical efficiency on profits of those enterprises in these four industries.     

Corporate reputation in the People’s Republic of China: A B2B perspective

How B2B firms in the People's Republic of China [PRC] view, value and manage their corporate reputation has received little research attention. Drawing on multiple case studies, our findings confirm that firms are utilizing certain Western conceptualizations of corporate reputation, including the leveraging of intangible forms of corporate reputation. However, many of the firms were also using the hitherto underemphasized elements of firm-government relationships and government regulatory policies to create positive assessments of a firm's reputation among key stakeholders. Notwithstanding our findings that corporate reputation is valued as a means of gaining competitive advantage and dispelling perceptions that Chinese products/services are low-cost and low-quality, concern remains that building reputation capital among stakeholders may result in a loss of price competitiveness. Finally, unlike the framework proposed by Barnett, Jermier, and Lafferty (2006), our results suggest that B2B firms in China do not impose clear boundaries between reputation and ‘corporate reputation capital’. Nor does there appear to be an emphasis on disaggregating the constructs of identify and image from that of reputation.     

我国中部六省文化产业发展绩效评价与研究

在我国文化产业蓬勃发展的背景下,中部六省也正在依托其丰富的文化资源打造强势的文化产业,为中部崛起提供强大的精神支持与经济动力。本文首先从文化产业的投入和产出两个角度分别考察了中部六省文化产业的发展水平,然后利用数据包络技术对中部六省文化产业发展绩效进行综合评价,并运用结构方程模型模拟了文化产业的投入一产出作用路径,最后结合研究结论就提升中部六省文化产业的发展绩效进行了思考和探讨。     

成功的市场进驻策略是决定市场地位的关键——宝洁公司在中国的市场进驻成功个案

美国宝洁公司在中国改革开放之际,敏锐地察觉到中国市场的巨大潜力,向中国日用品市场进驻。在多元品牌政策和差异性市场策略的总体策略指引下,宝洁公司充分考虑中国经济,政治,文化背景,以中国东西部经济差距,城乡消费者需求差异,中国消费者对传统文化的要求和可持续发展为基础,开发具有中国传统品味的高科技环保产品,建立特殊的分销体系,建立了在中国市场的首席地位。同时,宝洁公司以遵守中国法律,履行社会责任和道德准则为己任,与当地政府配合,协助开展文化和经济辅导活动,保护生态环境与自然资源,在消费者心目中建立了良好的企业形象,为进一步发展提供了有利基础,达到了双赢的目的。     

自主创新与创新政策研究的新进展——中国工业经济学会2006年年会学术观点综述

本文对中国工业经济学会2006年年会暨自主创新与创新政策研讨会的主要学术观点进行了综述，涉及创新理论、技术创新、企业组织与创新、产业组织与创新、区域经济发展与创新、创新政策研究、创新案例研究等前沿内容．反映了当前产业经济学研究中关于自主创新与创新政策的新进展。     

我国股份制企业完善构建经理人约束机制的对策研究

由于资本的两权分离,出资者与经营者分立,双方的信息不对称,各自追求的目标存在着矛盾.在出资者与经营者的委托代理关系中,委托人必须对受托人进行有效的约束,才能真正规范执行委托代理契约.本文从股份公司内部约束机制和外部约束机制两方面阐明了构建内部控制系统和外部控制系统的措施.     

新加坡和日本知识发展的实证研究及对我国的启示

随着知识经济时代的到来,世界经济的发展比以往任何时候都更加依赖于知识的扩散和应用。科学地制定知识经济发展战略对于实现中国及发达地区经济的可持续发展有重大的现实意义。本文以新加坡和日本为研究对象,研究发展知识经济的主要影响因素,为我国相关地区发展知识经济提供科学依据。     

Melamine in milk products in China: Examining the factors that led to deliberate use of the contaminant

On September 11, 2008, the Chinese government announced a recall of infant milk powder that was tainted by melamine, a chemical usually used in plastics. Consumption of melamine caused infants to develop kidney stones which, if left untreated, could cause renal failure and death. More than 290,000 people (most of them infant children) were poisoned and at least six babies are confirmed to have died from ingesting the melamine contaminated infant milk powder. The Chinese government imposed very high penalties on people and companies involved in the melamine scandal, including lifetime prison sentences and even executions. The problems in China’s dairy industry were a result of rapid growth fueled by large investments from multinational dairy firms, development of a highly modern and concentrated processing sector that obtained its raw materials from millions of small, poor and uneducated traditional farmers and government support and encouragement for growth but with little emphasis on inspection and safety issues. The melamine crisis prompted the Chinese government to bring in a new food safety law, mandate regular inspections of all companies involved in the food business with no exemptions and set new allowable tolerances for melamine in dairy products.     

德国金融危机救援行动的评析及对中国的启示

德国经济受到了金融危机的严重影响,但其经济体系未遭受根本性破坏,其重要原因之一是德国采取了比较有效的经济救援措施。一是金融救市计划,主要用于救助银行,稳定金融市场:二是先后出台的两套经济刺激计划,主要用于劳动市场促进、直接公共投资、以旧换新的汽车置换补贴。德国的经济救援行动主要遵从了四条基本准则:一是政府有限参与的准则:二是维护市场机制的准则;三是遵循现有政策框架的准则;四是强调政策及时性的准则。中国在4万亿元的经济刺激计划中,应当实现三个转变:①从注重应对危机的短期手段向注重完善市场机制的长期战略转变;②从关注公共投资数量向关注公共投资效益转变;③从单纯的减税和降息向改善企业经营环境转变。     

将EVA引入我国现行国有企业业绩评价指标体系的探讨

国有企业业绩评价指标体系构建的正确和完整与否直接关系到是否能够真实全面地反映国有企业的经营业绩,直接影响着国有企业资本的保值和增值。随着国有企业改革的进一步深化和现代企业制度的建立与完善,经营权与所有权的分离导致委托—代理问题的出现。为了准确评价国有企业的经营业绩和在一定程度上改善国有企业的委托—代理问题,完善国有企业的治理机制,充分协调国家所有者与国有企业管理者的利益,笔者在阐述了EVA业绩评价指标的明显优点—考虑了所有的资本成本和指出我国现行国有企业业绩评价指标体系的显著缺陷—所有指标均未考虑权益资本成本的基础上,建议将EVA引入国有企业业绩评价指标体系,并阐述了将EVA引入国有企业业绩评价指标体系的作用。     

促进循环经济发展的税收政策研究——一个新的理论分析框架

“十一五”规划明确提出“发展循环经济,保护生态环境,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会”并实行“促进循环经济发展的财税政策”。文章在“资源开采—产品生产—节能环保消费—产品进出口—废弃物排放”新分析框架下,从循环经济视角透析了与诸环节相关的各税种在功能定位、征税范围、计税依据、税率、税收优惠等方面存在的问题,提出了优化税收政策的建议。     

中国城镇化对经济增长的影响机理及其区域差异--基于省际面板数据的实证分析

选取2000～2012年中国31个省份的数据样本,构建城镇化及其与就业、收入差距、投资、贸易等因素的交互项共同影响经济增长的面板数据模型,据此实证分析了中国及各地区城镇化与经济增长的关系以及影响机理.结果表明,中国的城镇化水平与经济增长呈显著正相关关系,城镇化成为保持经济持续健康发展的强大引擎;从作用机理看,城镇化主要通过增加非农就业和外商直接投资促进了经济增长,而城乡居民收入差距的扩大和外贸依存度的提高则抑制了经济增长.城镇化水平对经济增长的影响程度呈现从东部到西部依次提高的梯度分布,东部地区的物质资本投资和人力资本投资对促进经济增长有正向作用,中西部及东北地区第二产业对经济增长的作用十分突出.