证券市场强制信息披露的理论思考

随着证券市场的发展,信息披露制度越来越受到人们的广泛关注。追溯证券市场信息披露制度演变,在回顾已有的强制和自愿披露两种理论观点的基础上提出理论思考,信息不对称所导致的“逆向选择”和“道德风险”是证券市场强制信息披露存在的根本理由,并对我国信息披露制度提出建议。     

我国信息披露对资本结构影响问题探析

我国证券市场日益规范,有关信息披露问题的研究日趋深入,作为信息披露经济后果的重要体现,信息披露质量的提高,有助于完善各项法律法规,有助于减少信息不对称,降低资本成本,进一步影响资本结构的选择。     

非营利组织信息披露机制:一个理论框架

非营利组织信息披露机制解决的是组织信息透明度的问题,是提高组织的社会公信力、促进组织健康持续发展的制度选择。然而在信息披露方面,非营利组织仍存在着诸多问题,根本原因在于缺乏一个完整的理论体系。因此,构建非营利组织信息披露机制的理论框架,具有十分重要的理论与现实意义。     

国外股权激励与经营者信息披露研究综述

近年来,国外的学者对股权激励与经营者信息披露问题进行了理论研究,同时也实证了国外上市公司股权激励与经营者信息披露之间的关系。随着美国上市公司财务舞弊案频频曝光,股权激励的负面效应已逐渐引起了国外学者的关注。通过对国外研究股权激励与经营者信息披露关系的理论与实证文献进行综述,可为国内研究股权激励效果的学者及政策制定者提供参考。     

信息充分披露与商业秘密保护的均衡——基于成本效益的分析

信息的充分披露是资本市场有效运行的前提,商业秘密保护是维护市场公平竞争的要件,二者之间存在着对信息处理的冲突。为确定合理的信息披露界限,解决困扰实务界的难点,可以利用成本效益分析方法,将二者有机地结合起来,寻求企业信息披露的均衡点。。     

Calorie information effects on consumers' food choices: Sources of observed gender heterogeneity

A larger portion of males is overweight than is females. Females' food choices in comparison to those of males reflect the greater importance that females attribute to health and physical appearance; their more complex attitude toward risk; the greater esteem in which they hold home-cooked food; and sociological factors. This paper explores the variables that affect consumers' food choices, shedding light specifically on the choice process and analyzing whether gender affects predispositions toward foods, perceptions, choice processes, or all three. Perceptions and choice processes based on memory judgments serve only as a benchmark used to compare choices consumers make under calorie information. The results of two experiments wherein the researchers exposed subjects to two forms of calorie information on three fast food items suggest that differences in perceptions of foods' healthfulness and taste aspects account for gender differences in memory-based choices. In addition to this baseline difference in perceptions, a gender difference in reaction to calorie information in terms of consumers' behavior exists. While calorie information affected both perceptions and choice processes for females, information changed the perceptions of food only for males.     

中国股市扩大买卖盘揭示范围的效应分析——对市场波动性影响的实证研究

2003年 12月沪深股市扩大买卖盘揭示范围,大幅提高了市场的交易前透明度。本文分别用统计假设检验和计量经济学模型,实证分析了该政策实行前后的市场波动性是否有明显变化。结果表明,买卖盘揭示范围的这次调整,对中国股市的波动性没有明显影响;来自中国证券市场交易前透明性改革的实证结果,并不支持透明性在一定程度上影响市场质量的理论观点。     

经济危机与会计信息披露监管演进分析

本文回顾了会计信息披露监管演进路径,指出信息披露监管具有伴随金融危机或公司财务丑闻之后呈现跳跃式扩张的特征,从政治家集团的"亲经济周期性"监管、信息供需双方利益集团在规制过程中的博弈力量对比以及市场不断创新导致的监管环境的日益复杂化角度作了分析和解释,并认为解决信息披露监管中的滞后性和被动性,应提高监管行为透明度,培育和发展有效信息使用者集团,通过司法救济强化投资者维权力量等对策.     

The Emergence of Biometrics and Its Effect on Consumers

Biometric authentication systems are becoming increasingly common. Though their use offers important advantages to governmental agencies, business, and consumers, the widespread use of biometric technology has the potential for serious negative consequences. In this paper, the authors explore the effects on consumers of the incorporation of biometric authentication into mainstream commerce, specifically focusing on privacy concerns of consumers in the context of the fair information practice principles of notice/awareness, choice/consent, access/participation, integrity/security, and enforcement/redress.     

The Relationship Between the Cost of Equity Capital and Corporate Disclosure: The Chilean Case

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research is to determine whether the Chilean investor rewards the corporate disclosure of economic information. The results have been consistent with international findings, since the relationship between the two studied variables was widely negative (the more information, the lower rate demanded by the investor). Also, the study shows that the integration of the capitals markets is improving the minimum standards of disclosure since, when a local company participates in more than one stock market, the strictest corporate disclosure or transparency rule will be applied.

RESUMEN. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar si el inversionista chileno premia la entrega de información por parte de las empresas. Los resultados han sido consistentes con la evidencia internacional, ya que la relación entre las variables estudiadas fue ampliamente negativa (a mayor información, menor tasa exigida por el inversionista). Además, el estudio evidencia que la integración de los mercados de capitales está mejorando los estándares mínimos de revelación, ya que al participar una firma local en más de una bolsa de valores, se aplicará la normativa más exigente de revelación o transparencia corporativa.

RESUMO. O objetivo desta pesquisa é determinar se o investidor chileno compensa a divulgação das informações econômicas pelas empresas. Os resultados têm sido coerentes com as evidências internacionais, visto que a relação entre as duas variáveis estudadas foi amplamente negativa (quanto mais informação, menor é a taxa exigida pelo investidor). O estudo evidencia, também, que a integração dos mercados de capitais tem melhorado os padrões mínimos de divulgação, já que quando uma empresa local participa em mais de uma bolsa de valores, as normas mais rígidas de divulgação ou de transparência corporativa são aplicadas.     

财政信息公开引致地方政府支出绩效的实证研究

本文基于DEA评价所获取的地方政府支出绩效值,运用2007-2012年间的省级面板数据,实证剖析我国地方财政信息“阳光化”改革的绩效后果。研究发现：在设置了一系列控制变量情况下,计量模型肯定性地刻画了省级财政信息公开的确有助于提升地方政府支出绩效水平,即直接或狭义的财政信息公开透明度每提升1单位,则相应的地方政府支出绩效会改善6%;将地方政府行政信息公开透明情况纳入并构建广义财政信息公开指标,则发现解释变量对被解释变量的贡献度或解释力显著地提升到了9%。本文从理论和实证两方面证明了财政信息公开是提升地方政府支出绩效的重要路径和保障机制,为进一步推进财政信息公开制度改革以改进地方政府支出绩效提供了必要的政策依据。     

我国医药行业上市公司环境信息披露的实证分析

随着"绿色观念"的兴起,越来越多的公众关注企业的环保政策,充分披露环境信息是现代企业发展的迫切需要。采用统计分析方法对医药行业上市公司环境信息披露现状进行了实证研究,并在此基础上,从企业面临的内部和外部环境建设角度,对建立和完善我国医药行业环境信息披露体系提出了几点建议。     

上市公司披露会计师事务所报酬的实证分析

2001年证监会首次要求上市公司在年报中披露支付会计师事务所报酬情况这一信息,该项规定既便于考察事务所的独立性,又便于考察上市公司治理结构,使上市公司信息披露迈进一个台阶。这里拟从2001年年报出发,对首次披露会计师事务所报酬进行实证分析,并探讨产生这一现状的深层原因。     

创业板上市公司信息披露规范解析

创业板市场具有较高的成长性和较强的创新能力,同时又有着高于主板和中小板的风险性的特点。创业板上市公司应遵守公平信息披露原则、规范信息披露方式、定期报告披露方面的特别要求,按照中国证监会的有关规定编制和披露招股说明书,对临时报告实行实时披露。提高创业板上市公司信息质量,必须在信息制度建设、落实上市公司违反信息披露义务的法律责任、加强投资者投资管理等方面进行监管。     

企业社会责任信息披露与股票价格关系研究——沪市民营企业的经验证据

文章以2009年沪市A股222家民营上市公司为研究样本实证检验了民营企业社会责任信息披露与股票价格的关系,结果表明,民营企业社会责任信息披露与股票价格负相关。结合企业社会责任实践及其信息披露现状、投资者基于企业社会责任的投资理念以及资本市场有效性,从作用机制视角分析了形成民营企业社会责任信息披露与股票价格关系的深层原因,并由此就改进企业社会责任及信息披露实践和促进资本市场健康发展为上市民营企业、资本市场投资者和监管者带来启示。     

The Impact of Comparative Food Price Information on Consumers and Grocery Retailers: Some Preliminary Findings of a Field Experiment

There is reason to believe that consumers face a difficult task in securing adequate and accurate information upon which to judge relative price levels of competing foodstores. The objective of the research reported here was to investigate the potential of retail food price reporting for correcting this information problem. Both consumer and grocery retailer responses to this comparative food price information were analyzed. A pretest-post-test design with four pairs of experimental-control cities (with replications at two levels of concentration) was employed to collect price data. A modified Solomon-four group design was used for surveys of food consumers in experimental and control cities. The results of analysis of variance models lend support to the hypothesis that price reporting can lower the relative level of food prices, both for items individually identified in a price report and items not identified in the report. The magnitude of this effect varied among the cities. It appears that consumers' role in this experiment was a passive one: consumer behavior and patronage patterns did not change in a manner that would consistently reinforce the competitive effects of the price reports.     

政治关联、环境信息披露与环境业绩——基于中国上市公司的经验证据

"紫金矿业"事件引发了众多媒体对政治关联环境效果的关注,一般认为政治关联是导致紫金矿业环境业绩持续低下与环境信息披露不足的主要原因之一。但此结论是否具有普遍性需要进行深入研究。通过使用上市公司研究样本,具体验证政治关联对环境业绩与环境信息披露的影响,结果表明,政治关联与环境业绩低下没有显著的关系,但对环境信息披露具有显著的负向影响。     

企业业绩组合、企业业绩差异与中报披露的时间选择--管理层的组合动机和信息操作行为

本文对中国上市公司中报和年报数据进行假设检验，以考察企业业绩组合、企业业绩差异与中报披露时间选择之间的关系。本文得出的研究结果认为上市公司管理层在中报披露和预约披露中可能存在信息操作，同时由于管理层的组合动机和信息操作行为，扭曲了年报和中报的披露时间安排。本文证实企业业绩组合、企业业绩差异对中报披露的时间选择有显著影响。