发挥老干部在社会管理创新中的作用

目前,离退休老干部的数量呈现出逐年增加的趋势。将老干部工作与社会管理工作进行有机的结合不仅可以发挥出老干部的作用,也能够促进社会管理工作的发展,本文主要分析老干部群体对社会管理工作的重要作用以及两者的融合途径。     

在效率优先的基础上重建社会公平

效率和公平是经济学研究的核心问题,而且二者的优先次序一直是经济学界甚至其他学科研究的重点问题,历史上曾经形成了公平优先论、效率优先论以及公平效率同等重要论,现阶段应当对效率和公平的认识进行科学的、必要的深化。社会公平问题是我国当前一个比较突出的问题,但是现阶段我们仍然要坚持效率优先的原则,初次分配注重效率,再次分配注重公平,特别是教育公平和医疗公平,在效率优先的基础上重建社会公平。     

Innovation, Identities and Resistance: The Social Construction of An Innovation Network

This paper explores the process of diffusion of a socio-technical innovation among workers of a large microelectronics firm. Actor–network theory (ANT), which draws on the sociology of science and technology, is applied to the analysis of socio-technical innovation in order to understand the actions of creating and putting the actors' arguments into action. Actors constructed and organized these arguments with the aim of diffusing innovation among workers whose support was essential to the project's success. The authors of the innovation project wanted to change the state of relations between different actors. In the present study, the aligment of identities was established according to the criteria defined by the managers and engineers but the expected benefits of the innovation, in this case, technology and teamwork, were not automatically accepted. Network analysis reveals how persuasive arguments that repudiate the old reality and justify steps to create the new reality are constructed. This article will reveal how innovation is constituted and the form it takes by following the chain of arguments and the responses of the actors involved.     

Making Innovation Happen in a Megaproject: London's Crossrail Suburban Railway System

Isolated pockets of innovation can be found in projects—such as the novel solution used to redesign the Velodrome roof during the London 2012 Olympics—but there have been few, if any, systematic efforts to manage innovation in a megaproject. This paper presents the initial findings of an ongoing three‐year (2012–2014) action research project between Crossrail and researchers at Imperial College London and University College London. Action research is well suited to a setting where an intervention is required to diagnose and solve an organizational problem and produce scientific findings (Miles & Huberman, 1994; Van de Ven, 2007). Undertaken in collaboration with practitioners, the aim of action research is to transform the research setting through a process of critical inquiry and action. Our engagement with Crossrail aimed to formulate and implement an innovation strategy to improve the performance and outcomes of the project. We identified four stages—or windows of opportunity—to intervene to generate, discover, and implement innovation in a megaproject: (1) the bridging window during the front‐end when ideas, learning, and practices from other projects and industries can be used to create an innovative project process, organization, and governance structure; (2) the engaging window, when tendering and contractual processes can be used by the client to encourage contractors and suppliers to develop novel ideas and innovative solutions; (3) the leveraging window, when all the parties involved—clients, delivery partners, and suppliers—are mobilized to develop novel ideas, new technologies, and organizational practices to improve performance; and (4) the exchanging window at the back‐end, when ideas and resources for innovation can be (re)combined with those of other projects in the wider innovation ecosystem to improve performance. The first two stages had largely occurred when we became involved in the Crossrail project in 2012. Our intervention addressed the final two stages, when we assisted in the development and implementation of an innovation strategy. Core to this strategy was a coordinated mobilization of the innovative capabilities across the project supply chain. Though, to be successful, this approach had to be open enough to span organizational boundaries beyond the supply chain, reaching into the broader ecosystem. The four windows provide a valuable new heuristic for organizing innovation in megaprojects, pointing to areas where project managers can craft targeted innovation interventions and compare their efforts with those of others.     

社会资本与区域经济创新

成功的区域经济往往表现出较强的区域创新能力,这也成为企业在区域经济中得以成功的重要因素。社会资本理论在社会学、经济学等方面的研究和发展为区域经济创新提供了一个崭新的视角。社会资本概念体现了区域创新中多个主体交互作用的动态过程这一特性,它对区域创新的形成与保持具有重要作用。     

包容性商业模式:社会创新的驱动力

从理论和实践两个角度对企业的包容性商业模式进行分析,提出了包容性商业模式作用于社会创新的机制框架,从哲学、流程、产品、政策四个方面对包容性商业模式的内涵进行剖析,深入阐释了包容性商业模式对社会创新的驱动作用。研究对于企业灵活运用包容性商业模式以获得更好的商业绩效和社会绩效具有一定指导意义。     

浅谈公交优先对城市综合发展的作用

随着城市规模的扩大和城市人口的增加,城市交通的压力也正在不断加剧,公交优先的方向应当始终坚持。实行公交优惠票价政策,体现了社会资源共享的公平性和经济合理性,有助于缓解交通拥堵,减轻大气污染保护环境,也有助于建立和谐社会,促进城市繁荣和城市综合发展。     

企业的社会责任——从营销战略创新角度看

为了实现企业与社会的和谐共赢,描述了企业社会责任的内涵,分析了21世纪企业社会责任的新趋势,企业承担社会责任的原因,以及企业承担社会责任的实践。理论分析和实例表明:承担社会责任的企业在产品营销方面获得了成功,证明企业可以将承担社会责任作为一种新的市场营销手段。     

The Role of Social Scientific Inquiry in Technology Transfer

Technology, the application of science to achieve practical results in the area of production (as economists use the term), can be understood only in a limited way from a strict disciplinary framework such as those prevailing in the social sciences. Perhaps the most restrictive is the limitation from the viewpoint of economics. The author (an economist) illustrates this contention with some interdisciplinary dimensions of technology encountered in developing countries, such as those pertaining to indigenous technological generation and technology transfer. A development framework incorporating such interdisciplinary dimensions, it is argued, is a prerequisite for formulating meaningful technology policies which help to promote an improved quality of life in developing countries.     

企业社会责任对组织韧性创新的影响——基于中国制造业上市公司的多维实证分析

组织韧性是指企业能够积极应对外部环境的动荡,并通过销售的可持续增长和财务稳定性来提高运作能力。本文以2016—2020年467家中国制造业上市公司面板数据为依据,通过实证分析从企业社会责任的股东、员工和社会三个具体维度研究其对组织韧性的影响。研究结果表明,三个维度都对企业绩效可持续增长有显著的正向影响,而股东和社会维度的企业社会责任与企业财务波动之间存在显著的负相关关系。基于此,本文提出:要进行外部评价体系创新、内部财务组织架构创新和社会意识创新,以促进企业整体评价体系的重构,提升企业履行社会责任的内生需求,引导企业强化履行社会责任的自觉意识。     

创新与企业战略制定模式的演进

创新是企业的战略活动,是企业战略决策的重要内容.在全球背景下,中国企业从来没有像现在这样重视创新.创新环境的变化使得新产品、新技术生命周期变得更短,特剐是工厂技术的信息化更加推动了企业核心资源的流动速度.本文区分了线性创新过程和网络创新过程,并对这两种不同创新活动及相关的企业决策模式进行了分析.     

信息化背景下的社会管理创新

本文分析了信息背景下我国社会管理创新所存在的问题,提出完善信息化背景下社会管理创新的具体对策。     

创新开放度与企业绩效：高质量人力资本的调节作用

针对开放度和企业绩效的关系,探讨了高质量人力资本对于开放度与创新绩效关系的调节作用,并通过非平衡面板固定效应,以我国6085家科技服务企业2008-2016年16560个样本为基础进行了实证研究。研究发现:开放广度正向影响企业创新能力,负向影响企业劳动生产率;开放深度负向影响企业创新能力,正向影响企业劳动生产率;内部高质量人力资本正向调节开放广度对劳动生产率的影响,正向调节开放深度对创新能力的作用,弥补了开放式创新对于企业绩效带来的负向影响。企业应提高高质量人力资本水平,进而提升开放式创新绩效。     

质量人在创新与变革中的新角色

罗纳德·阿特金森,有一个响亮的中国名字,龙升。对我们中国质量管理人士而言,这位外国专家有两个非常耀眼的角色:一个是美国质量学会(ASQ)的主席,另一个是服务美国通用汽车公司33年的老质量人。他担任主席的第一年,却离开了美国的国土,2005年2月至2006     

社会角色理论视野下的民营企业家社会责任

民营企业被誉为中国经济发展的推动者和先锋,然而其在快速发展过程中也产生了系列问题,引起了社会各界的广泛关注,促使了社会各界对民营企业家社会责任进行深入的思考。从社会角色理论角度对民营企业家社会责任的内涵和内容进行讨论。     

制度环境对企业绩效的影响——商业模式创新的中介作用

以2015年到2019年我国上市的光纤企业为研究对象,利用结构方程模型与Bootstrap方法研究制度环境、商业模式创新与企业绩效的关系.实证结果表明:商业模式创新在制度环境与企业绩效之间发挥着显著的中介效应,其中价值实现创新运作方式的中介效应最大,价值创造和价值传递创新方式的中介效果相当.