Impact of Chinese Agribusiness Entrepreneurs on the Local Land Market in the Russian Far East

Chinese originally migrated to the Russian Far East (RFE) to fill a labor shortage on collective farms. In more recent decades, some Chinese migrants have chosen to lease land from Russian farmers to manage their own farms. Rising soybean prices and the trade war between China and the United States have increased demand for land capable of producing soybeans. Thus, Chinese farmers in the RFE compete for land with Russians. The Chinese also contribute positively to local food security by increasing food availability and accessibility. This study uses an econometric model to analyze the impact of Chinese on local land markets in the RFE. Financial support for Russian farmers by the government depresses their demand for land; rising soybean prices and the employment of Chinese farm workers by Russian farmers encourage farm expansion, resulting in higher land prices. Selling farm produce to Chinese merchants increases the amount of land owned, cultivated, and rented by Russian farmers.     

Chinese Farmers in the Russian Far East and Local Rural Development

The Russian Far East (RFE) is still a backward region of Russia. Per capita agricultural output is lower than the national average. Chinese agricultural entrepreneurs are farming in the region. The business environment is challenging for both Chinese and Russians. We analyze possible ways for agriculture to develop in the RFE with Chinese agricultural entrepreneurs as the main agents of development. We discuss the investment environment in the RFE, the role and impact of Chinese agricultural entrepreneurs, their ability to assist in rural development, and the challenges they face. We examine the current state of agriculture in the RFE, the experience of Chinese and Russian farmers, and the impact of Chinese farmers on Russian farmers. Agriculture can improve in the RFE with better communication and better coordination mechanisms among governments and with more training to help businesses understand existing policies and regulations.     

Perceived Differences: Chinese and Russian Farmers on Business,Law, Management,and Environment

The People's Republic of China has been following a strategy for several decades to encourage its enterprises to invest overseas. Since the liberalization of the Sino-Soviet border in the 1990s, Chinese farmers have been actively engaged in the economy of the Russian Far East (RFE). This article examines Chinese and Russian public relations messages broadcast by media about Chinese-Russian agricultural cooperation that use different arguments, methods of reasoning, and points of view. There is a clash of different national management methods. Legislation applying to Chinese working in Russia has been erratic and unstable, and that makes cooperation more challenging. The concepts of environmental protection and obedience to the law are understood differently by Russians and by Chinese. Cross-cultural management differences affect the way people on both sides interpret institutions, interactions, and the ability to trust third parties. There are different values and priorities expressed by Russians and by Chinese when it comes to development of rural areas in the RFE.     

Implications of Chinese Farmers in the Russian Far East

Chinese farmers are actively engaged in the economy of the Russian Far East. We used an econometric model to analyze panel data on the socioeconomic impact on local residents of Chinese farmers and workers in the Russian Far East (RFE). Proximity to Chinese farms and sales to Chinese retailers increases the well-being, the farm income, and the food costs of Russian rural households. The same factors raise land prices through increased competition, reduce the wages of Russian workers and the number of family members working on Russian farms, increase the number of full-time jobs for farm workers, lower yields of corn and wheat, and raise yields of potatoes and rice. Thus, the effects of the Chinese presence on rural Russian households varies with the makeup of the household, the amount of land it owns and leases, and the number of household members who work on other farms. Cooperation with Chinese farmers and retailers plays an important role in determining the ability of the rural areas of the RFE to develop sustainably.     

Chinese Migrant Farmers in the Russian Far East: Impact on Rural Labor Markets

The close proximity of China and Russia, the activities of Chinese farmers, and the reduction in Russian labor resources have created job opportunities for Chinese workers in the Russian Far East (RFE). Chinese workers fill a labor shortage in agriculture, but little research has been done on them. We developed an econometric model to test the effects of Chinese intermittent migration on labor markets in the RFE. We found the proximity of Chinese to Russian farms reduces wages for both Russian and Chinese workers and increases their part-time employment on Russian farms. The greater availability of Chinese workers in the region results in lower number of family members working on Russian farms. Thus, the influx of Chinese workers may contribute to demographic shifts in the Russian population.     

Talent management,absorptive capacity,and firm performance: Does it work in China and Russia?

This article investigates the relationship between talent management (TM), absorptive capacity (AC), and firm performance. We build a theoretical framework and examine the mediating role of a firm's AC in TM–performance relationships in the contexts of China and Russia. We use a sample of 120 Chinese and Russian firms to provide empirical evidence of our hypotheses. Our results show for both Chinese and Russian firms, a well‐developed TM system positively influences a firm's ability to acquire, assimilate, and exploit knowledge as well as increase the overall level of a firm's AC. We also found support for the argument that TM has an indirect positive effect on firm performance through its AC; moreover, the effect is stronger for Chinese firms, specifically, within the link between AC and performance.     

搞好农村职业教育的方法思考——基于农村从业人员职业培训视角分析

当前我国的奋斗目标是重启中国梦,实现中华民族的伟大复兴。只有提高广大农民的整体素质,让他们真正富起来,伟大的中国梦才得以实现。对农民进行职业技术培训是提高农民整体素质的有效途径之一。因此搞好农村职业教育是促进农村可持续发展的重要举措,它需要政府的大力支持,社会各界的鼎立相助,农村职业院校的自力更生和农民朋友的自主参与。     

The human resource challenge to outward foreign direct investment aspirations from emerging economies: the case of China

The continued influx of foreign investment into China and the growing desire by indigenous Chinese companies to invest abroad have created an unprecedented demand for people who possess competencies to compete successfully in a global economy. Without this pool of human talent, China's economic growth will slow and its outward foreign direct investment aspirations will be thwarted. This paper presents two inter-related studies that can shed light on China's ability to meet this human resource challenge in the years ahead. The first study pertains to the intention of a sample of Chinese university students in Canada to return to work in China upon graduation. Most Chinese students were receptive to the idea of returning to China. The second study examines the willingness of non-Chinese university students to work for Chinese firms overseas or in China. In general, non-Chinese students were more willing to work in the North American operations of Chinese companies and less so in relocating to China. These two surveys are supplemented by in-depth interviews with Chinese who have returned to work in China and those who chose to remain overseas. The implications of these findings, both theoretical and practical, are discussed.     

论“三农”问题的重要性及其“三农”图书出版的重大作用

中国是一个农业大国,现有九亿多农民,农业、农村、农民问题是中国的根本问题,关系到国家的稳定、社会的长治久安和全面建成小康社会的实现。党的十一届三中全会以后,特别是1982年以来,中共中央国务院连续下发关于"三农"问题的一号文件,一直十分重视"三农"问题。出版"三农"图书作为服务"三农"的重要手段,承担着提高农民文化素养、引导农民致富、促进农业发展等重大责任。     

Talent management in Russian companies: domestic challenges and international experience

The study investigates talent management practices in Russian and foreign companies and their influence on a company's performance. In our work, foreign companies are foreign-owned companies (multinational or global) that operate in the Russian market and their headquarters are located outside the Russian Federation. Attention is paid to the analysis of the factors that support talent management implementation. As the results of the research are based on a comparative analysis of differences and peculiarities in talent practices in Russian and foreign companies, the paper explores and provides a number of ideas and conclusions about talent management elaboration, realization and talent practices improvement in the Russian context. Our data show that talent management practices are influenced by a number of factors that are different, in parts, in Russian and foreign companies. Supplementary analysis also suggests that the positive connection between talent management efforts and a company's performance can be found.     

我国农村金融供给体系的创新与完善

农业是我国的经济基础,农村金融体系对我国现代农业的发展起到很大的作用,而农民收入的增加和生产效率的提高也都离不开金融体系的扶持。     

Indirect Reciprocity and Corporate Philanthropic Giving: How Visiting Officials Influence Investment in Privately Owned Chinese Firms

This study examines how privately owned firms that are listed on Chinese stock exchanges and often surrounded by Buddhist or Taoist temples use money to bind themselves to officials who can mitigate their underinvestment problems. Philanthropic giving is a traditional way of achieving this task. Based on social‐exchange theory, we consider the potential for indirect reciprocity, in which visiting officials do favours for local businesses that do favours for other social actors. We analyse whether China’s Buddhist and Taoist cultures influence how philanthropic giving induces visiting officials to do favors. We also examine temple locations and the behaviours of privately owned firms listed on Chinese stock exchanges from 2001 to 2012 in an empirical study that provides strong support for our arguments. Results show that philanthropic giving initiates and amplifies indirect reciprocity between visiting officials and local businesses, thereby increasing corporate investment. The magnitudes of these effects depend on the magnitude of religious norms. Our study thus illuminates the influence of visiting officials on corporate investment.     

National Cultural Influences on Knowledge Sharing: A Comparison of China and Russia

abstract    This paper presents a set of theoretical propositions regarding knowledge sharing in China and Russia. We argue that there are important national cultural similarities and differences between the two countries that result in certain similarities and differences in individual knowledge-sharing behaviour in Chinese and Russian organizations. We claim that vertical collectivism and particularistic social relations in China and Russia lead to intensive social relations among organizational members, which facilitate knowledge sharing between in-group members in organizations in both countries. We also maintain that differences in the essence of collectivism as well as in the extent of collectivism in the two cultural contexts lead to different intensities of knowledge sharing in Chinese and Russian organizations. Finally, we discuss theoretical and management implications of this research.     

我国农村社会保障存在的问题及其对策研究

社会保障被誉为社会的"稳定器",随着我国构建和谐社会以及建设社会主义新农村目标的提出,农民、农村和农业问题是我国近年来农村政策的主要落脚点。在关注农民民生方面,国家正大力实施农村社会保障政策。文章分析我国农村社会保障面临的形势,并在分析中国农村社会保障存在问题的基础上,探讨了建立农村社会保障制度的主要对策。     

Four Theses in the Study of China’s Urbanization

This article is written specifically for students of Chinese urbanization who are not sinologists. Four theses should inform their studies. The first is that China is an ancient urban civilization, but the processes we observe today are unprecedented. Thus, China’s urbanization must be studied under this dual aspect, giving due to both historical continuities and the unique characteristics of our own era. The second thesis argues that urbanization is a set of multidimensional socio‐spatial processes of at least seven different and overlapping dimensions, each with its own vocabulary and traditions of scholarship. The study of China’s urbanization thus requires a trans‐disciplinary approach. Thesis number three argues that urbanization involves rural–urban relations, but in contrast with many earlier studies, these relationships should be studied from an urban rather than rural perspective. Finally, and most contentiously, China’s urbanization, although entwined with globalization processes, is to be understood chiefly as an endogenous process leading to a specifically Chinese form of modernity.     

Trustworthiness and ethical considerations: a review of personal connections in China

This study is to assess the significance of guanxi or personal connections in Chinese management, its contribution to trust in business dealings, and its relation to ethical judgement in Chinese management. The paper begins with a background to the term Guanxi where it argues that personal connections would be an adequate and preferable term for guanxi, since although the phenomenon in practice is specific to China it is not unique to China. Guanxi or personal connections in China should be seen as part of China’s traditional culture, but without attaching a mystical value to the concept. Understanding of the phenomenon and awareness of how to deal with Chinese business is fundamental to trust both domestically and in foreign business dealings. However it is through a grasp of ethical considerations and a deeper awareness of morality that personal connections can be soundly based and goes beyond the rule of law to meet China’s potential for socio-economic success.     

基于双重收购渠道的生猪供应链协调机制研究

鉴于我国以农户散养为主的生猪养殖模式给生猪供货商（猪贩）造成不便,供货商除自己收购外,还会雇用其在乡村的代理人帮助收购生猪文章针对这种特殊的双重收购渠道的生猪供应链建立了供货商和代理人组成的两级供应链模型,通过对比供应链分散决策和集中决策情形下的生猪价格、收购量和利润,阐明了分散决策时通过设计合理的收入共享机制,就能实现供应链利润最优．供应链双方实现共赢．     

我国小额贷款的制度变迁研究

我国小额贷款发展肩负着重要的历史使命,对缓解中小企业融资困难,帮助下岗职工再就业和农民脱贫致富有着重要作用,同时也是激活民间资本、激励市场微观主体参与社会主义现代化建设的重要举措,对完善我国最基层的金融服务体系有着重要意义。因此,对我国小额贷款的发展历程和制度演变进行研究探索,将有助于促进小额贷款公司可持续健康发展。     

社会主义新农村文化建设的哲学依据与破解路径

社会主义新农村文化建设是农村经济发展和农民生活水平提高的重要保障,是培育新型农民的必由之路。针对我国新农村文化建设中存在的种种问题和困惑,本文试图从哲学的角度来探索新农村文化建设的依据和路径,提出创新农村文化建设的体制和机制,建立和完善农村文化公共服务体系,加大对农民的教育培训,保护开发传统民间文化资源等举措,以期推动我国社会主义新农村文化建设深入实处。     

Homelessness and the Universal Family in China

Depending on how one defines homelessness, China has either a very tiny homeless population or an extremely large one. Compared to other countries, there very few vagrants: people living on the streets of China's cities without means of support. But if one counts the people who migrated to cities without a legal permit (hukou), work as day laborers without job security or a company dormitory, and live in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions on the edge of cities, there are nearly 300 million homeless. Free market fundamentalism is responsible for the emergence of this sort of homelessness in China. We review China's recent new policies to tackle homelessness and offer suggestions based on the traditional Chinese wisdom, which includes the concept of the universal family (family - tian xia). Homelessness in China must be addressed as a cultural problem caused by the breakdown of ancient methods of social integration. Treating it merely as a housing deficit will fail.