Religion and International Trade: Does the Sharing of a Religious Culture Facilitate the Formation of Trade Networks?

A bstract .   Despite interest in the influence of religion on economic activity by early economists like Adam Smith, modern economists have done little research on the subject. In light of the apparent religious fervor in many parts of the global economy, economists' seeming lack of interest in studying how religious cultures enhance or retard the globalization of economic activity is especially surprising. This article makes a contribution toward filling this void by examining how religion affects international trade. Specifically, we examine whether the sharing of religious cultures enables the formation of exchange networks that can overcome the failure or nonexistence of other social and economic institutions necessary for completing complex international transactions. We apply an expanded gravity model of international trade to control for a variety of factors that determine trade, and we use two recently developed regression methods, scaled OLS and nonlinear least squares, to exploit the model to its fullest. We find that the sharing of Buddhist, Confucian, Hindu, Eastern Orthodox Catholic, and Protestant cultures by people in different countries has a significantly positive influence on bilateral trade, all other things equal. The sharing of Roman Catholic culture has a significantly negative influence on bilateral trade, and the sharing of Islamic and Judaic cultures neither promotes nor discourages international exchange. These results suggest that some religious cultures are more conducive than others for forming international trade networks.     

我国深度嵌入全球价值链对行业技术进步的影响研究

本文采用投入-产出法对2009~2018年10年间的工业行业数据进行研究。结果表明,发展中国家在嵌入全球价值链不深入的情况下,其技术进步是依附并适应跨国公司而取得的。若代工企业处于价值链上游,会过多地分割跨国公司的市场,对技术进步造成不利影响。在全球价值链中,很多行业的技术进步与嵌入深度为非线性倒U型曲线关系。建议各行业主动转变低端的生产参与模式,全方位提高自主创新水平;充分发挥自贸区试点作用,纵向扩展对外开放程度;借助国际会议交流机会提升国际话语权以参与构建更公平的国际经贸准则。     

生态文明视角下的城乡规划

经历了漫长的农业文明、快速发展的工业文明后,我国正向人与自然和谐共存的生态文明社会转型.<城乡规划法>的出台,意味着城乡统筹规划、协调发展是未来区域规划建设发展的方向.从发展生态文明的角度探讨了我国城乡规划应改革的一些方面和应重点强调的几个问题,包括在规划编制中树立生态文明的理念、改革城乡规划管理体制、统筹城乡规划、优化城市空间结构等.     

新兴经济体发展对国际社会的影响力研究

当今世界经济呈现多极化趋势,新兴经济体成为世界经济增长的主要动力,对世界政治经济格局产生深刻影响。本文阐述新兴经济体在政治、经济、社会等各方面发展状况,分析新兴经济体的发展对国际社会的影响力。新兴经济体的发展促进了世界经济、国际贸易的稳步发展和产业结构调整,为消除世界范围的贫困和维护世界和平做出了积极的贡献,为发展中国家加快发展和加强“区域化”多边合作提供了可借鉴模式,同时对全球治理结构转型和国际秩序重塑产生一定影响。     

构建新型工业经济体系

自中国加入世界贸易组织以来,我国的工业体系将进行全面的改革,主要向高经济收入、跨越式发展的方向迈进,把工业生产产业结构进行改革和完善,使工业经济快速的得到增长,把与国际企业进行合作的项目作为经济发展的载体,把各个方面的大集团大企业作为工业经济发展的中间力量,重新进行科学的规划建设、合理的布局和推进,构建新型工业经济体系。     

基于生态文明的物流系统研究

人类文明在经历过农业文明、工业文明之后,步入了一个崭新的阶段——生态文明。它对人类社会的发展提出了可持续发展的新要求,在进行社会建设的各项活动中,不仅要考虑社会系统的需求,同样要考虑自然生态系统的要求。物流系统作为社会系统的一个重要子系统,其发展必然依循生态文明社会建设的原则,体现出人类与自然的和谐发展。     

对自然内在价值的自觉是生态文明的哲学基础

生态文明社会是继人类创造的原始文明、农业文明和工业文明之后的一种新型的文明形态,是人类社会发展规律的必然要求,是在工业文明发展的基础上对工业文明的辩证否定。人类具有内在价值,自然也具有内在价值,对自然价值的回归是生态文明社会建立的价值根据和哲学支持。     

Does regionalism lead to more global trade integration in East Asia?

Since early 1999, global trade liberalization has been sidelined as regional trade agreements (RTA) have become the preferred choice in East Asia. Does this shift suggest that global trade and welfare levels will be raised? In contrast to unilateral trade liberalization, RTAs may well cause both ‘trade creation’ and ‘trade diversion,’ so that their net effect on global trade and welfare becomes ambiguous. It is conjectured that RTAs among “natural trading partners” are more likely to be trade-creating, and less likely to divert trade from non-member countries, in which case welfare will improve. We find that if an RTA involves geographically proximate countries (measured either by distance or border), trade significantly increases among them. At the same time, geographical proximity also contributes to increasing trade between members and the rest of the world. We examine how existing or proposed East Asian trading blocs affect intra-bloc and extra-bloc trade and thereby global trade. We find that the East Asian RTAs are likely to create more trade among members without diverting trade from non-members.     

Cross‐Border Merger & Acquisition Activity and Revealed Comparative Advantage in Manufacturing Industries

We estimate an important implication of oligopolistic international trade modeling for the predicted pattern of cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Our core argument is that cross‐border M&As are, among other factors, driven by cross‐country differences in comparative advantage. We find strong evidence that acquiring firms operate in industries with a comparative advantage. We also report (less pronounced) evidence that this holds for target firms as well. We therefore add another explanation, rooted in international economics, to the industrial organization literature on M&As that emphasizes efficiency and strategic motives.     

中煤平朔煤业有限责任公司的生态文明建设及其启示

中煤平朔公司是我国煤炭行业生态文明建设的典型代表,在煤炭开采技术、高效清洁生产、废水废气治理、生态环境建设等方面取得了较大成就。他们坚定不移地走现代工业文明之路、坚持科学发展、坚持可持续发展、注重节能减排、加强环境保护、发展循环经济、构建和谐矿区的经验对我国煤炭企业的生态文明建设提供了有益的启示。     

Patterns of dominant flows in the world trade web

The large-scale organization of the world economies is exhibiting increasing levels of local heterogeneity and global interdependency. Understanding the relation between local and global features calls for analytical tools able to uncover the global emerging organization of the international trade network. Here we analyze the world network of bilateral trade imbalances and characterize its overall flux organization, unraveling local and global high-flux pathways that define the backbone of the trade system. We develop a general procedure capable to progressively filter out in a consistent and quantitative way the dominant trade channels. This procedure is completely general and can be applied to any weighted network to detect the underlying structure of transport flows. The trade fluxes properties of the world trade web determine a ranking of trade partnerships that highlights global interdependencies, providing information not accessible by simple local analysis. The present work provides new quantitative tools for a dynamical approach to the propagation of economic crises.     

产品内贸易对我国产业结构升级的实证分析

随着国际分工由产业内分工向产品内分工深化拓展,产品内贸易也逐渐取代产业内贸易,成为国际贸易的主流模式,中国也不例外。那么产品内贸易对中国产业结构升级是否产生影响?本文尝试进行实证分析。分析表明:近年来,我国产品内贸易表现出规模不断扩大和出口结构逐渐优化的特征,而且产品内贸易的发展是我国产业结构升级的Granger原因,即产品内贸易和产业结构升级之间存在长期的协整关系。因此,积极参与产品内国际分工,有利于扩大并优化产品内贸易的规模和结构,进而促进我国产业结构的升级。     

国际贸易、技术进步和中国工业行业的生产率增长

内生增长理论认为技术进步是经济增长最为重要的助推力,推动技术进步的力量是对研发的投资和国际贸易的发展。随着经济贸易与信息技术的飞速发展,社会对国际贸易、技术进步的关注程度日渐提升。通过深入分析国际贸易与工业行业生产率之间的关系,可以有针对性地应用有效手段对国际贸易进行调整,使其可以继续带动技术的进步并促进工业行业生产率的提升。基于此,论文探究了我国国际贸易、技术进步与工业行业生产率增长的关系,阐述了国际贸易、技术进步对于工业行业生产率的真实影响。     

加工贸易结构升级的影响因素——基于山东省数据的实证研究

在国内外研究的基础上,通过研究加工贸易结构升级的影响因素,采用1996～2007年山东省相关数据,利用回归分析方法进行定量研究。结果表明产业结构对加工贸易结构升级有着负的影响,技术进步对其影响不显著。     

Supply surprise is a ‘nice’ reprise

• ? This year advanced economies have enjoyed a rare positive supply surprise: output is higher than expected and inflation is lower. The initial China‐related boost not only proved to be a great antidote to secularly weak global demand, but it has also engendered unexpected global momentum and a benign inflation response. As a result, 2016–17 resembles a mini‐reprise of the “nice” 1990s, a non‐inflationary, consistently expansionary decade.
• ? The global momentum has been propelled by a strong international trade multiplier. This has contributed to strength in several advanced economies, particularly the Eurozone. We expect global growth in 2018 to be bolstered by US fiscal stimulus as the impulse from China fades.
• ? It will remain “nice” in 2018, albeit in the context of weak secular trend growth. We expect the benign output‐inflation trade‐off to continue. Several of the factors that are underpinning low inflation and unemployment as well as weak wage growth are likely to be present for some time.

     

湄公河环境保护国际合作问题研究

湄公河是一条跨越中国、老挝、缅甸、泰国、柬埔寨和越南六国的国际河流。国际河流的利用和开发是中国在面向次湄公河区域合作过程中不可避免要面对的问题和迎接的挑战。本文通过对国际河流利用中,中国同下游国家进行环境保护国际合作的必要性、湄公河利用与环境保护现状及问题的阐述,提出了应当建立湄公河开发、生态保护与航运贸易相结合的管理规划模式、与相邻国家在国内外环境保护与水利开发增加互动的国际合作并明确相应的国际责任的建议。     

宁波建设国际物流分销中心策略思考

随着全球贸易增长速度的放缓,宁波国际物流产业长期以来以港口物流为主要增长极的发展模式已难以为继,转变发展模式,延伸价值链,谋求建设国际物流分销中心是必由之路。深入分析制约宁波国际物流分销产业发展的瓶颈问题,从产业链、功能区规划、区域协同等角度设计路径,提出创新机制、科学定位、强化运输网络、营造良好环境等相关对策。     

THE THEORY OF ENDOGENOUS MARKET STRUCTURES

Most market structures are neither perfectly or monopolistically competitive: they are characterized by a few large firms that are engaged in strategic interactions in their production and investment decisions and whose number is endogenous. The theory of endogenous market structures analyzes markets in partial and general equilibrium where strategies affect entry and entry affects strategies, and exogenous primitive conditions on technology and preferences affect the equilibrium. We discuss applications to industrial organization, international trade, business cycle theory, international finance, growth and implications for welfare and for competition, trade, fiscal and monetary policy.     

生态文明:一种新范式

现代工业文明的特征是文化进化和生态进化之间的分裂。要整合这种分裂,我们就要重建范式,实现一场关于文化观念的革命和伦理学范式的转换,生态学尤其是人类生态学就是我们共同的信念系统,这是我们解决目前生态危机的基础。因为一种看待世界的观念或方式直接决定着我们所看到事物的图景,只有实现了观念上的格式塔转换,人们道德的关怀才有可能从人类共同体扩展到生物圈和整个地球生态系统。     

生态文明的涵义与哲学思考

人类所经历的农业文明和工业文明,在一定程度上都是以牺牲资源环境为代价,去换取经济和社会的发展。生态文明是人类社会从生态危机中引发的对传统自然观和价值观的深刻反思和变革。本文运用马克思主义的立场和观点,分析人类社会发展的三个阶段:原始文明、农业文明、工业文明,提出要解决工业文明阶段的生态危机,必须要走一条人类与自然和谐共生的生态文明之路。生态文明是人类社会发展的必然选择。要构建社会主义和谐社会,就必须按照科学发展观的要求,积极改善人与自然的关系。