Consumer responses to generic products

Plain-label generic products consisting of food and household staples and cigarettes have made significant inroads into the market shares previously held by the national brands of manufacturers and the private brands of wholesalers and retailers. Although the small number of published research studies analyzing purchasers of generic products have described the user as a member of an upscale professional, college-educated household, the research reported in this paper analyzed both demographic and lifestyle characteristics of generic users, non-users, and aware nonusers. Purchase behavior, product evaluation variation, and purchase probabilities for the three segments are examined. Acceptance of generic products appears to adversely affect the sales of national brands more than private brands, since most generic product purchasers had previously purchased national brands.     

Consumer response to physicians’ advertisements

Although the Federal Trade Commission has initiated a number of rulings to reduce professional societies’ prohibitions against advertising in order to stimulate competition, there is little research regarding the subject. Certainly, this is true of the potential effects of doctors’ advertising. In this study, subjects received illustrative physicians’ advertisements with varying levels of price, service, and competency. In analysis with various attitudinal and intentional measures as dependent variables, these factors were shown to have statistical significance.     

推进公用事业民营化改革的政策构想

公用事业民营化改革的核心做法是在公共服务的供给过程中引入市场竞争机制，从而达到降低成本，提高服务质量的目的。但是，这一目标的实现有赖于一个良好的政策、市场与制度环境。文章针对当前我国公用事业民营化过程的法规与政策环境、竞争机制、价格机制、监管机制和信用机制等问题提出了政策构想，以期推动我国公用事业民营化的进程。     

金融消费者保护(AEA2011年会哈佛论文,上)

近期的金融危机使得很多人开始质疑企业在提供服务方面的表现,而对于消费者金融市场中存在的问题,监管机构的处理能力也同样受到质疑.本文论述了消费者金融监管问题,重点对市场失灵的监管、金融决策中有限消费理性的监管进行全方位深入地探讨.本文引用了三个案例:按揭市场、发薪日贷款以及退休消费融资,通过案例分析来说明监管的必要性及有限性.我们认为,只有当监管是针对具体问题所设定,并以监管干预的有效性评估研究为辅助,那么此项监管才会是有益的.     

Consumer response to design variations in pay-what-you-want pricing

Recent literature has identified consumers’ fairness and image concerns as the primary drivers of payments under pay-what-you-want (PWYW) pricing. Consequently, managers have employed a variety of design variations to invoke/alleviate these concerns to attract more customers and increase payment magnitudes. We develop a theoretical approach that combines both prosocial and self-interested motives to examine consumers’ four possible responses to design variations in PWYW exchange: (1) opt-out, (2) free-ride, (3) default to recommendation, or (4) other payment. We confirm model predictions using an empirical approach that jointly estimates the multipartite customer response. We report findings pertaining to four managerially controllable variables namely, ‘payment visibility’, ‘information on payment recipients’, ‘timing of payment’, and ‘explicit price recommendations’ using both secondary data and controlled experiments. We show that design variations have a heterogeneous effect on different types of consumer responses leading to countervailing effects on revenues. We derive several actionable managerial recommendations.

     

How effective are public policy decissions?…The need for a general evaluation model

The successful inplementation of public policy decisions depends heavily upon knowing what information is required by the consumers and knowing the situational factors that determine whether or not the consumer will use the information. Implementation will only succeed if there is an attempt made to educate the consumer through methods other than “full disclosure.” The successful education of the consumer will only succeed if the policy decision makers are able to determine what the consumers need to know and how best to communicate this to them. The purpose of this paper is to present a general methodology for gathering information about groups of consumers or industries that will be affected by the policy decision. One of the major thrusts of the model is the emphasis placed on acquiring the information before the policy decision is made. The second major thrust is the proposal to “test market” policy decisions before they are actually made.     

论商业银行消费信贷发展障碍及对策

近年来,在国家扩大内需、刺激经济发展的宏观经济背景下,各商业银行纷纷将消费信贷业务作为新的效益增长点。此项业务开展取得了一定的效果,但仍面临许多制约该业务快速发展的难点。我们要从加快经济发展,加强信息沟通,扩大社会宣传,积极开发与培养目标客户群体,提高科技水平这些方面来引导和鼓励人们使用消费信贷。     

Consumer decision to upgrade or downgrade a service membership

Service memberships are commonly used to support consumer relationships, yet the mechanisms for consumers’ membership decisions are poorly understood. This paper develops a model of consumers’ decision to modify (upgrade or downgrade) a service membership conditional on their decision to renew. Bridging insights from relationship marketing and consumer behavior, the proposed model conceptualizes how relational drivers differentially influence the upgrade/downgrade decision while also modeling the effect of transactional, membership and socio-demographic variables. The posited hypotheses are tested with a multinomial logit model with selection using multi-source (archival and survey) consumer-level data related to renewable service memberships in a not-for-profit context. Results suggest that modification decisions are driven by relational payoffs from ongoing experiences such that upgrade decisions evidence a “motivator” effect of consumer trust (quadratic), while downgrade decisions indicate a negative influence of consumer trust conditional on perceived knowledge. Managerially, the study indicates that, while membership modification and renewal are disparate decisions with remarkably divergent mechanisms, to examine and analyze them as independent decisions is to risk misjudgments about their determinants and waste resources in investments that are unlikely to yield desired return.     

金融消费者保护(AEA2011年会哈佛论文,下)

近期的金融危机使得很多人开始质疑企业在提供服务方面的表现,而对于消费者金融市场中存在的问题,监管机构的处理能力也同样受到质疑.本文论述了消费者金融监管问题,重点对市场失灵的监管、金融决策中有限消费理性的监管进行全方位深入地探讨.本文引用了三个案例:按揭市场、发薪日贷款以及退休消费融资,通过案例分析来说明监管的必要性及有限性.我们认为,只有当监管是针对具体问题所设定,并以监管干预的有效性评估研究为辅助,那么此项监管才会是有益的.     

我国个人消费信贷问题分析与对策思考

本文对我国个人消费信贷的发展现状作了简单的概括,着重从个人消费信贷利益双方--消费者和银行的角度对制约我国个人消费信贷发展的需求约束和供给约束作了分析和探讨,并提出了相应的对策建议.     

提高消费率是扩大消费需求的关键

积累率偏高、消费率偏低是导致我国消费需求不足的根源和影响我国经济发展的痼疾。因此，应从提高居民收入、完善社会保障体系、加快城市化步伐、调整产业结构等方面入手，提高消费率，扩大消费需求。     

消费者对产品风险信息的反应及营销启示

探求消费者对产品风险信息反应的影响机理对企业营销活动意义重大。但是,国内相关理论研究的文献几近空白。通过对国外相关研究的主流理论脉络进行梳理,可提出针对我国营销实践的建议,并可对未来研究方向进行预测。     

零售企业战略性企业社会责任与消费者响应

企业社会责任活动应当服务于企业的战略目标。文章以零售企业所面临的环境保护主题为背景,探讨了顾客中心和利润中心两种战略性企业社会责任的消费者响应。结果表明,顾客中心的企业社会责任与利润中心的企业社会责任相比,能够使顾客对企业产生更积极的企业社会责任联想,形成更好的态度,并提高其惠顾意愿。同时,从顾客价值的不同角度,消费者的企业社会责任支持对于顾客中心的企业社会责任的消费者响应具有正向或反向调节作用。     

中国-东盟相关矿产及政策分析

在全球区域一体化的大背景下,随着中国与东盟经济合作范围的扩大及层次的深化.通过对中国-东盟相关矿产合作状况、中国-东盟自由贸易区所带来的积极因素及优势策略进行分析以及中国与东盟国家矿产资源合作优势策略研究等,结合现有相关贸易政策和江铜现有的比较优势,发挥政府和企业在具体实施过程中的关键性作用,提出了对江西铜业集团公司发展所面临的契机及应采取的措施和建议.     

对保险消费者概念的商榷——兼论保险相对人权益保护范式的选择

在全球金融危机背景下于2009年修订并实施的新《保险法》,对保险相对人的权益保护受到了社会各界最大程度的关注,＂保险消费者＂的概念在保险法学界引起了热烈讨论,体现出我国《保险法》在立法理念和保护范式选择上的分歧与争议。学者和实务界人士对此提出了肯定说、否定说和衡平说三种观点。本文认为,＂保险消费者＂概念的提出在当前特定背景下确有其积极意义,但将保险相对人的保护纳入消费者保护法制的轨道存在诸多问题,概念内涵上无法覆盖,权利构造上难以契合,法律精神上缺少共鸣,制度运行上易出现排异反应。无需完全摒弃现有的保险当事人利益衡平保护理论与制度,而在＂保险消费者＂概念下重塑保险相对人的保护范式。从根本而言,对于保险相对人权益的切实有效保护,仍应在保险法的制度框架中寻求。     

消费者混淆研究文献综述

消费者混淆已经成为营销领域的一个新课题。国外不少学者对消费者混淆进行了相关研究,而国内学者对消费者混淆的研究还比较少。目前学术界对消费者混淆的内涵还没有形成一致看法。为深入探讨消费者混淆相关理论,本文分别从消费者混淆的概念、来源、维度、影响因素及相关理论模型等方面来系统梳理和分析现有相关文献,并在此基础上对未来研究提出展望。     

Consumer response to advertisements for legal services: An empirial analysis

In the near future, advertisement of professional services will become a reality. This is especially true of the legal profession. On June, 27, 1977, in a historic though confusing decision, the Supreme Court lifted a ban on the advertising of legal fees and routine services. While several theoretical arguments may be advanced favoring professional advertising, there is a scarity of empirical studies supporting these claims. This study represents one modest attempt to rectify this lack of empirical research regarding the impact of advertising upon the demand for legal services.     

构建开封旅游消费市场对策探讨

开封厚重的文化资源为旅游产业的发展奠定了资源基础,但由于受地理环境、经济发展等因素的影响,开封旅游消费市场的构建还不够完善。在郑汴一体化的背景下,构建开封旅游消费市场应集中精力做好旅游文化资源的发掘和整理工作;构建开封旅游购物市场;优化旅游线路,开发休闲旅游项目;以"菊花"为媒,强化旅游促销;加强人力资源的开发,造就一支为旅游消费市场可持续发展服务的人才队伍。     

突发事件中消费心理的分析与扩大消费需求--以“非典”流行期间消费现象为例

突发事件往往会对居民的消费心理和消费行为造成较大冲击，从而影响国民经济的发展。对“非典”期间的消费心理特点的分析表明，突发事件中消费波动的原因主要在于消费者对安全的需求、心理预期变化以及求速求便心理和从众心理等方面，应对的措施则有：满足消费者的安全需求，稳定消费者的心理预期，开发特殊时期新的消费方式等等。