土地制度和土地政策:台湾与大陆的比较研究

土地制度的变迁核心不外乎围绕农地利用效率的提升、农产品产量和质量的改变以及农业在国家经济中的角色和作用,而并非单纯的所有权归属问题,因此,对两地土地制度变迁的效果评价不在于土地制度安排的所有权形式,而集中在变迁的方向和基本途径。台湾与大陆共同的经验表明,放松政府的土地管制,发展土地市场和土地交易,进行土地产权的细化与流转以及积极发挥私人组织在土地制度建设中的作用,是适应市场化要求的现代农业生产体系的必然。     

Alternative indexes for monitoring customer perceptions of service quality: A comparative evaluation in a retail context

Customer satisfaction and service quality measures obtained through consumer surveys invariably have skewed distributions. As such, researchers have questioned the appropriateness of the popular approach of using the mean rating to summarize such data. However, no detailed study on this topic has yet been conducted. In two independent studies, the relative validity of the various indexes that can be used to summarize consumer’s service quality ratings (e.g., mean, median, mode, kurtosis, skewness, top/bottom-tail percentiles) are examined. In Study 1, using typical commercial survey data from a fast-food/convenience retail chain, both the mean and top-box percentiles are found to be the best indicators of service quality, based on their correlation with customer-driven business performance measures. In Study 2, the results are further confirmed by an extensive simulation that varies factors such as the shape of the underlying distribution of customer ratings and the strength of the relationship between customer ratings and business performance measures. The article concludes with a discussion of the findings and implications for future research. Robert F. Hurley is an assistant professor of marketing at Fordham University. He received his M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania and his Ph.D. from Columbia University. His research has been published in theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Advances in Services Marketing and Management, theJournal of Business Research, California Management Review, theJournal of Applied Social Psychology, theJournal of Marketing Theory and Practice, and theJournal of Engineering and Technology Management. Hooman Estelami is an assistant professor of marketing at Fordham University. He received his M.B.A. from McGill University and his Ph.D. from Columbia University. His research has been published in theJournal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, Pricing Strategy and Practice, Middle East Insight, Advances in Consumer Research, theJournal of Professional Services Marketing, and theJournal of Business in Developing Nations.     

Behavioral characteristics of the recreational shopper and implications for retail management

The success of a retail image is dependent upon the retailer's ability to appropriately match store attributes and benefits with target market characteristics. This study indicates that many consumers (recreational shoppers) shop for other than purely economic considerations. The results provide new evidence pertaining to the appropriate retail strategy for attracting such shoppers.     

西部应走统筹城乡发展的道路

发展产业集群是解决农村剩余劳动力、促进农民增收、带动农业发展、推动农村工业化、加快农村城镇化、推动农村社会发展的重要途径.后发地区发展产业集群首先要解决发展观问题,要有"小企业、大协作"的务实精神,要把产业集群放在城市整体发展规划中来,走城乡互助之路,要转变政府职能,提高政府服务的有效性.     

统筹城乡发展增加农民收入

统筹城乡经济,促进社会和谐发展的提出,表明我国社会经济发展从过去的以城市发展为主导转向为城市、农村的共同发展和进步。由于自然历史的原因和建国后人为政策制度的原因,造成了我国城乡二元经济格局,这在很大程度上削弱了农村地区经济的发展,造成了农民收入增长缓慢,城乡收入差距拉大。所以,为了增加农民收入,我们就要调整相关政策,发展农村新型合作化经济组织,转变政府职能,增加对农村公共物品的投入,从而促进我国社会主义和谐社会的建设。     

国土资源部门户网站系统的设计和开发

Portal技术为门户网站建设提供了较为先进的解决方案。着重于从理论与应用的角度,简要介绍了国土资源部门户阿站系统的功能设计、技术构架及开发与集成方法,探讨了门户网站系统建设所采用的关键技术以及建设过程中得到的启示和形成的经验。针对国土资源部门户网站系统的开发工具weblogic Portal8．1,对Portal基本原理及特点、优点进行讨论。     

Conceptualization and operationalization of retail store image: A case of rival middle-level theories

This article presents the case that inconsistencies between retail store image conceptualization and operationalization signal a critical separation between theory and measurement within the paradigm. The authors attribute the separation to the influence of two rival, middle-level information processing theories. The first, piecemeal-based processing theory, has historically dominated retail store image operationalization and measurement within the area. The authors argue, however, that the time has come for a new information processing theory—category-based information processing—to challenge piecemeal processing as the positive heuristic within the store image paradigm. The advantages of adopting category-based processing over piecemeal processing are discussed both from a positive and normative perspective. Recommendations for managers and propositions for future research are offered.     

网络游戏国际代理运营合同中的利益与风险研究——“魔兽世界”合同里的故事

网络游戏国际代理运营合同,是网络游戏知识产权人将该游戏的客户端程序、服务器端程序、图案和视听资料的复制、发行、翻译、网络传播等权利和运营所需的游戏商标使用权等相关知识产权,在一定时间和地域范围内许可给外国运营商行使,并按一定比例分享运营收益的协议。网络游戏代理运营合同的核心条款及其中的利益分配和风险风担问题与其他许可合同和技术合同有着共通之处,又因行业的特殊性而具备一些自己的特点。中国游戏公司只有尽快熟悉国际代理运营的游戏规则,才能在谈判中最大限度地降低法律风险。     

An empirical test of the job satisfaction-turnover relationship: Assessing the role of job performance for retail managers

The role of job performance in the turnover process has been a problematic issue for researchers and managers alike. The present study provides a preliminary test of two key predictions derived from a conceptual model refining the role of job performance as a direct impact on turnover, and a moderator of the job satisfaction-turnover relationship. The results support differing roles for intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction components in their relationship with turnover for retail store managers performing at low, average and high levels.     

瑞典土地银行经验及其对我国用地储备的启示

文章主要阐述瑞典土地银行建立的背景、意义、原则和内容,比较中外土地储备运作机制的制度、运作模式和政府管理等方面异同,研究瑞典土地银行成功的运作经验,提出对我国城市土地储备管理有一定借鉴价值的政策建议。     

欠发达地区征地过程中存在的问题及对策探析——以菏泽为例

当前,经济欠发达地区的城镇化建设正如火如荼地展开,土地征用不可避免。法律对征地行为做了明确规定,国家和政府也出台了一系列政策来规范征地行为,但是在政策执行中还是出现了许多问题。地方政府及相关利益集团的不正当征地行为导致农民上访增加,被征地地区的矛盾越来越突出。因此,找出这些问题及其原因,并提出可行性对策,对征地工作的顺行和保护被征地农民的利益具有十分重要的意义。     

Customer evaluation of retail salespeople utilizing the SOCO scale: A replication,extension, and application

Measuring retail salesperson performance is a critical, though relatively neglected research issue. We suggest that the SOCO scale may be an appropriate tool for measuring salesperson performance from the buyer’s perspective. Therefore, a replication of the SOCO scale was undertaken by having consumers evaluate retail salespeople. The SOCO scale items were slightly modified to fit the consumer sample and retail focus of the study. In addition, the number of points on the SOCO response scale was also reduced and the verbal anchors modified to better suit the needs of telephone surveys. Despite these changes, the properties of the scale were found to be strikingly similar to those reported in prior studies. It was recommended that retailers adopt the SOCO scale to measure salesperson performance.     

农民就业和农地流转与农业现代化的关联性分析

农业现代化是我国实现现代化的重要组成部分。农业现代化的实现，必将极大地提高我国农业的市场竞争力，实现由传统农业向现代农业的转变，并对国民经济发展起着极大的推动作用。我们通过对农民就业及农地流转与农业现代化的关联性分析，加深了对农民就业、农地流转重要地位和作用的认识，并由此提出其发展的战略措施和总体发展思路。     

Sibling brands, multiple objectives, and response to entry: The case of the marion retail coffee market

A new brand entering a market often finds itself in competition with sibling brands (those owned by the same parent company). In a case study of a retail coffee market, the authors examine how these brand relationships might influence the sibling and competitor brands' responses to entry. Using an empirically validated brand-share attraction model, the authors compare the actual responses to entry with the optimal responses under different incumbent objectives. The authors find that the responses by sibling brand are more accommodating than those of unrelated brands whose responses are consistent with the preservation of preentry levels of sales. Thomas S. Gruca (Ph.D., University of Illinois) is a Lloyd J. and Thelma W. Palmer Research Fellow and an associate professor of marketing in the Tippie College of Business at the University of Iowa. His research on defensive marketing strategy has appeared in the International Journal of Research in Marketing, the Journal of Marketing, the Journal of Marketing Research, Marketing Management, and Marketing Science. His research on health care has appeared in Contemporary Accounting Research, Health Care Management Science, and Strategic Management Journal. He is currently working on electronic prediction markets and modeling hospital network formation. He is a member of the editorial board of Marketing Letters and a reviewer for a number of management science journals. D. Sudharshan (Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh) is a professor of business administration in the College of Commerce and Business Administration at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His research interests lie in the areas of marketing strategy, new product and service development, and marketing technology management. He serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Marketing and the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. His articles have appeared in various journals including Marketing Science, Management Science, the Journal of Marketing, the Journal of Marketing Research, the Strategic Management Journal, the European Journal of Operational Research, the Journal of Service Research, and the Journal of Market Focused Management. K. Ravi Kumar (Ph.D., Northwestern University) is a professor in the Department of Information and Operations Management, Marshall School of Business, at the University of Southern California. His current research interests include the embedding of information systems within global physical operation and the development of sustainable information technology industries in developing countries. He is the author or coauthor of articles appearing in Management Science, Marketing Science, the Journal of Economic Theory, Production and Operations Management, and the Journal of Operations Management. He serves on the advisory boards of Production and Operations Management and Technology and Operations Review.     

农业分工深化的实现机制:地权细分与合约治理

如何将分散化的家庭经营纳入到规模经济与分工经济的发展轨迹,是我国农业经营制度创新的重要方向。基于崇州"1+1+1"农业经营模式的创新实践,提炼出推进农业分工发展的两条逻辑主线:一是以产权细分生成新的经营主体以促进农业分工的效率,二是以合约治理降低交易成本以促进分工效率的持续提高。尽管农业生产领域的分工深化有着天然的内生障碍,但农业并非完全是效率改善的被动产业,其本身存在深化分工改善效率的可能。"崇州模式"表明,创新农业经营制度的关键在于:地权细分及其各种细分权利的界定、赋予及其执行问题。     

基于沿江开发产业发展的土地集约利用研究--以江苏省为例

本文以江苏省为例,旨在加强沿江开发的整体统筹规划,逐步提高沿江开发产业发展的土地利用集约度,实现沿江地区经济、社会与环境的可持续发展。     

论我国耕地资源保护的现状及对策措施

文章在分析我国耕地后备资源不足、违法占地严重、政策法规执行不力、城市过度扩张等现状的基础上 ,提出了耕地资源保护关键在制度和领导 ,基础在全民 ,应坚持标本兼治。重点从国策教育、管理体制、运行机制、总体规划、评价监测和城市规模方面提出了相关对策     

土地开发整理项目预算审查的步骤和方法

通过分析近年来编制和审核国家投资土地开发整理项目预算中出现的问题 ,本文较为全面地总结并论述了审查土地开发整理项目预算的步骤及方法 ,以便把好土地开发整理项目的投资关 ,公正合理地确定投资规模     

中国农村土地使用制度:形态变迁与实证分析

二十多年来 ,中国政府一方面强调农户承包经营土地的长期稳定 ,一方面鼓励土地使用制度的不断创新 ,因而中国农地使用制度呈现出“两田制”、“规模规营”、‘四荒’使用权拍卖”、“股份合作制”等多种形态。而“土地调整”和“使用权流转”一直是中国农地制度变迁中的普遍现象。文章对上述中国农地使用制度变迁进行了实证性的分析。     

城市化模式下的开发区土地治理与制度创新

随着开发区城市化的趋势不可避免，开发区用地结构发生转变，这种转变给开发区的土地开发带来了新的问题与矛盾：城市化趋势使开发区的公共物品提供负担加重；现代化的工业对开发区的土地供应提出了更高的要求；国家对开发区严格的土地审批政策，使开发区城市化边界受到限制。针对这些问题，本文提出了一些解决的建议，包括：建立公共用地增值收益管理机制；公共用地使用制度改革；坚持开发区土地集约利用，提高存量土地的利用率。