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Marius Olivier 《Development Southern Africa》2013,30(1):98-110
Given its current socioeconomic conditions and fiscal ability, Lesotho has achieved an impressive record in creating a basic social assistance and social protection system, informed by political commitment and through budget reprioritisation. It has set up and administered near universal schemes operating at scale with fairly low transaction costs, addressing core areas and serving vulnerable constituencies – including the aged, orphaned and vulnerable children and children of school-going age. A contribution-based comprehensive national social security scheme to provide coverage for Lesotho workers and their families is also planned. Nevertheless, the task of providing adequate social protection coverage faces systems and delivery challenges; several human development indicators have worsened, and most of the Millennium Development Goals are far from being achieved. There is scope for creating greater fiscal space by establishing a compulsory national contributory scheme, and donor support in the short to medium term is inevitable. 相似文献
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《The Developing economies》2017,55(1):23-37
This paper seeks to understand and quantify how social safety net programs impact household savings in developing countries, considering the case of Colombia using two complementary approaches. The first approach explores how the health regime affects savings in the country. The second evaluates the impact on savings of familias en acción, a major antipoverty conditional cash transfer program. The results suggest that the savings of informal households are higher than those of formal households, because, with little incentive to enter the formal job market, informal households need to cover slightly greater non‐covered risks. The results also show that familias en acción recipients save more than non‐recipients because recipients favorably adjust their expenditure patterns. 相似文献
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Marianne Ulriksen 《Development Southern Africa》2013,30(1):39-53
Social protection is expanding in southern Africa, but consideration of its fiscal base is usually limited to affordability concerns. Little attention is paid to the different sources of revenue or how the interests of contributors to social protection may affect spending priorities. This article suggests there is a link between revenue source and social protection spending. Aid dependent countries' social protection policy is mostly determined by donors. The governments of countries that rely on natural resources or Southern African Customs Union revenue are relatively free to shape social protection policy. Only in countries that rely on domestic tax-based revenue, where the government must consider the interests of the taxpayer, is there something resembling a social contract for social protection, in which the citizens engage with their government through an exchange-based logic. This article concludes that a broad and diversified tax base is an important mechanism for creating a reciprocal relationship of this kind and thus increasing social spending. 相似文献
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对安德森社会福利的非商品化度量方法进行改进,增加社会保障模式、公共负担和市场负担等宏观维度指标,从宏观和微观双重维度12个指标度量社会保障制度非商品化程度,并以此对36个国家的社会保障制度的非商品化程度进行度量和比较。研究发现,我国社会保障制度的非商品化程度较低,尤其是社会保障的宏观维度非商品得分较低。我国社会保障的非商品化水平相比于同类型国家略高,但离福利国家之路还较遥远。 相似文献
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我国农村住房保障现状和思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目前,我国大部分农村住房条件较差,农民安身之所难以得到保障;而现有的农村住房制度又存在诸多弊端,农村住房保障体系也尚未有效建立。虽然城市住房保障体系已经逐步完善,但农村住房与城市住房存在显著不同,农村住房保障应该从保持农村特色、体现民风民俗、方便生产生活等方面入手。文章旨在通过对我国农村居民住房现状和我国现行农村住房制度的分析,对我国农村住房社会保障体系建设提供一定的思路和建议。 相似文献
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较长时期内,我国二元结构的户籍制度成为社会持续关注且饱受诟病的根本制度之一。为何户籍是其他社会政策、制度的“固定器”？户籍制度的改革为何进展缓慢？文章尝试对我国户籍制度之上的社会福利及其它具体社会权益做深入分析,提出了改革户籍制度的基本思路：理清户籍制度上的各种经济、社会等权益的政策规定、措施,按照其社会权益的重要性、实现的可行性以及户籍政策供给主体的权责性质以及财政能力等,对我国户籍制度的改革提出分步骤、分阶段、阶梯式的户籍制度改革新思路。 相似文献
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从法的价值层面论农村社会保障法律制度的原则 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文论述了农村社会保障法律制度的价值追求———社会公平,评析了现阶段我国农村社会保障法律制度的价值缺失,在此基础上提出了农村社会保障立法中应贯彻反歧视与偏重保护原则。 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skoufias Roy S. Katayama B. Essama-Nssah 《Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies》2012,48(3):351-368
We use regression analysis to assess the potential welfare impacts in rural Indonesia of two types of shock: a delay in monsoon onset; and a significant shortfall in rain during the 90-day post-onset period. Focusing on households with family farm businesses, we find that a delay in monsoon onset does not have a significant effect on the welfare of rice farmers. However, rice farm households located in areas exposed to low rainfall following the monsoon are negatively affected. Such households appear to be able to protect their food expenditure in the face of weather shocks, but at the expense of their non-food expenditure. We also use propensity score matching to identify community programs that might moderate the impact of this type of shock. We find that access to credit and public works projects has the strongest moderating effect. This is an important consideration for the design and implementation of adaptation strategies. 相似文献
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人的发展经济学与政府社会福利改进的基础 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
先天禀赋和后天发展机遇的不同,决定了社会中财富创造者在现有制度环境下财富分配成果的不同。因此,贫富差距的存在具有一定的必然性。文章证明了基于经济人假设建立起来的经济学自身并不能解决财富的有效分配问题。新中国的发展历程告诉我们,解决贫富差距问题不能走“杀富济贫”的平均主义老路,而是要通过有效的制度安排,例如通过合理的税收转移支付为穷人建立适当的社会保障体系,以维持社会的长治久安。为此,文章建立了政府社会福利改进的基础模型,并对所建模型进行了数字模拟,最后还解析了模拟过程和结果的政策含义。 相似文献
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瑞典的福利政策和老年社会保障制度,在历史上促进了经济发展和人民生活水平的提高。但在石油危机发生后,经济增长速度减慢,养老保障开支增多。最终,瑞典通过改革和完善社会福利政策及老年社会保障制度,走出困境,并积累了大量改革经验。这对于我国推行惠民政策,建立和完善社会保障体系具有诸多启示。 相似文献