国航思维:服务满意应由内而外

在我国航空业不断发展的同时,因恶劣天气、空域紧张引发航班延误而导致的旅客与航空公司冲突事件近年来时有发生,并一度升级为社会关注的焦点。致力为旅客提供满意服务的航空公司在探索分析中发现,一个关乎解题而又缺乏足够关注的问题凸显:如何使员工发挥出主动性,应对挑战?这既是尽量减少和避免服务冲突事件发生的必要举措,实则也是提升     

After the presidential elections: Will the US “open door” trade strategy continue?

During the 1996 US presidential campaign protectionist proposals as well as calls for abandoning all international organizations were formulated, causing alarm in the rest of the world. Does the new US Administration's trade policy concept in fact pose major challenges to the international trade system?     

频率选择表面在前门防护中的应用

为了提高雷达天线的抗带外干扰能力,在传统耶路撒冷环孔的基础上,设计了一种 基于基片集成波导技术的新型带通频率选择表面（FSS）。仿真计算表明：将该新型FSS加载 到喇 叭天线上,不仅能够保证喇叭天线在通带内正常工作,而且可以有效抑制带外的一些干 扰信号,在6～10 GHz工作频带内的带外抑制度达到20 dB,具有良好的前门防护 效果。     

Free trade in Latin America: A successful way out of crisis?

Since the beginning of the 1990s almost all Latin American countries have begun to change their strategies from protectionism to free trade. Historically, plans for regional economic integration have a long tradition on this continent, but attempts to bring them to fruition have failed time and time again. This report surveys past developments and attempts to show the prospects of success for the current free trade strategies in Latin America.     

Impact of cultural trade on foreign direct investment: Evidence from China

Value of cultural goods varies across consumers with different backgrounds. Exchange of cultural goods may lead to better mutual understand and trust, which helps mitigate the entry obstacles in the investment targets. This paper studies how cultural trade affects Chinese firms' outbound foreign direct investment (OFDI). We find that both likelihood and total volume that a firm invests in a foreign country increase with the amount of bilateral cultural trade. We further show that cultural trade boosts the success rate of OFDI projects. These effects are intensified in targets with weaker institutional quality or a great cultural distance to China.     

传统户外广告在“新国门”焕发的崭新生机——首都机场新航站楼灯箱广告的创新经营纪实

在众多媒体中，户外广告似乎是最为传统的媒体。然而，在即将投入运营的“新国门”——首都机场T3航站楼中，其户外广告却首开先河，令人耳目一新。由九九广告采购网推出的长达7米的双屏灯箱，创造出“桥视觉”效果，并且可按照“接力跑”、“8型环”、“整包”等多种方式进行投放。令传统户外广告焕发出崭新生机：展示绩效较传统方式增长数十倍，“新国门”的奥运眼球效应也得以迅速放大。     

Protection and jobs: explaining the structure of trade barriers across industries

This paper develops a model of protection and tests it using US data, including new protection measures. We find that protection in an industry increases with its employment but not with its level of output. We also find that lobbying entails significant transactions costs. We have limited evidence that industry characteristics, such as the number of firms and geographical concentration, affect protection. Nested tests imply that assuming lump-sum rebating of import revenues or rents is justified. The results also suggest that US policy makers weight a dollar of campaign contributions about 15% more heavily than a dollar of national income.     

从国际消费维权角度分析中国消费维权

中国消费者维权是国际消费者维权的一部分,中国消费者维权应该借鉴国际消费者维权的经验。在消费者处于弱势地位的时候,消费维权应该在完善消费者权益保护制度入手来进行,从而使得我国消费者权益保护和国际接轨。     

中美贸易战一触即发?

2月14日,美国贸易代表署发布了措辞激烈的报告——《美中贸易关系;进入更大责任和执法新阶段》 2006年2月14日,美国贸易代表署发布了中国入世4年来第一份全面评估对华贸易关系的报告——《美中贸易关系:进入更大责任和执法新阶段》(下文简称《报告》)。《报告》措辞相当“激烈”,称中国在全球贸易体系中的“学徒期”已经结束,美国将让中国为不平等的贸易做法负责。并称该署内部将组建对华执法特别工作组,该工作组主要任务是准备和办理与中国的潜在世贸组织规则纠纷。此举在国内外引起了广泛关注,有人认为这预示     

The role of processing trade in exporters' responses to exchange rate: Evidence from China

Processing trade is an important exporting mode for many countries developed by the export-oriented industrialisation such as 1960s Japan, 1990s Korea and 2000s China. Exporters who rely on processing trade for foreign profits do not enjoy much market power, and hence care more about exchange rate changes. We develop a model to illustrate how processing trade affects exporters' responses to exchange rate fluctuations. The model suggests that the elasticity of export price with respect to exchange rate for processing-trade exporters is greater than that of the ordinary-trade exporters, while the elasticity of export quantity of processing-trade exporters is smaller compared to their ordinary-trade counterparts. Most developing countries' governments offer processing-trade exporters better tax/tariff reduction policy to encourage exporting, which grants processing-trade exporters additional advantage to adjust more on export price and less on quantity when facing changes in exchange rate and therefore causes their different responses to exchange rate fluctuations. We find strong empirical supports by studying the data from China, which is the largest developing country and biggest processing-trade exporter.     

Trade in tourism services: Explaining tourism trade and the impact of the general agreement on trade in services on the gains from trade

The article addresses two questions related with tourism as a service trade. Can tourism be explained as other export activities? Does service liberalisation have a positive or negative impact on tourism receipts in destination countries? Previous research has either focused on the demand side factors (i.e. factors of demand in the origin countries) or on tourism as a long-run factor of economic growth. The research shows that a complementary perspective such as that offered by trade in a supply side perspective can render additional insights towards understanding tourism. This approach can explain why countries have absolute and comparative advantage. Another finding is that tourism as an export can be explained by some of the same destination factors that explain other service exports. Using different panel estimators the importance of supply side factors that are to some extent exclusive to tourism are demonstrated: the general price competitiveness of the destination, tourism infrastructure and the provision of safety. The econometric models also confirm the relevance of other conventional explanatory factors of trade in services such as GDP per capita and internet usage. The last part of the article analyses the welfare gains from trade under the general agreement on trade in services (GATS). The revenue (tourism receipt) effect is decomposed into a volume (arrival) and price effect. Results suggest that liberalisers under the GATS gained especially from a volume effect with average higher growth rates in the number of arrivals. There is also found to be a positive effect on the average income earned per tourist from being a liberaliser.     

服务贸易视角下中日韩贸易竞争与互补分析

作为东亚地区经济发展的核心,中日韩三国服务贸易的发展一直备受关注。日本服务贸易的竞争力水平是中日韩三国中最强的,其次是中国,最后是韩国。中国具有竞争力的行业主要是建筑、电信、计算机和信息以及其他商业服务,韩国具有竞争力的行业主要是旅游和建筑服务,日本具有竞争力的行业主要是运输、建筑、专业权利和特许服务以及政府服务。进一步对中日韩服务贸易的影响因素进行分析发现:人均国内生产总值、外商直接投资、货物贸易出口额和服务贸易开放水平与中日韩服务贸易竞争力水平都呈显著正相关关系,其中,服务贸易开放度水平对中日韩服务贸易竞争力水平的影响最大,外商直接投资对中日韩服务贸易竞争力水平的影响最小。     

Hide and uncover: the use of secrets in marketing

ABSTRACT

Amidst the forceful public demand for organisational transparency, there is an ambition to explore the limits of openness. What kind of information could and should firms keep secret and under which conditions? In this paper, we explore the limits of transparency in the marketing domain and develop a conceptual model of secrecy in marketing. We describe three modes of ‘secretive’ relations: between the brand and customers who know the brand secret (insiders), between the brand and customers from whom the secret is hidden (outsiders), and between insiders and outsiders. The effects of secrecy in marketing extend along with these three modes. First, secrecy creates value for insiders by reinforcing their connection to the brand. Second, it provokes outsiders’ curiosity, especially when the secret is related to a prominent brand. Finally, secrecy establishes insiders as an aspirational reference group for outsiders.     

从贸易结构看中国参与东亚区域经济一体化的路径选择

区域经济一体化的主要福利来源就是分工经济,反映分工水平和分工地位的贸易结构是影响区域经济一体化福利效应的重要因素.本文通过贸易互补性指数(TCI),对中国与东亚经济体贸易结构的竞争性和互补性进行了实证分析,以此为基础分析了中国参与东亚区域经济一体化的路径选择.     

Employee Protection and Corporate Innovation: Empirical Evidence from China

Through an analysis of survey data gathered from private firms in China, this study examines the impact of employee protection on corporate innovation ability. The results indicate that firms with more advanced employee protection have stronger innovation ability. Furthermore, the positive relationship between employee protection and corporate innovation ability is more pronounced in those enterprises with labor unions. Finally, a firm’s political connections strengthen the influence of employee protection on corporate innovation. These empirical findings highlight the positive consolidating effects of labor unions and political connections and will be of value to policy makers in emerging markets in gauging the important drivers of corporate innovation ability.     

The moderating effect of technology and marketing know-how in the regional-global diversification link: Evidence from emerging market multinationals

In this study, we link regional diversification to global diversification of emerging market multinationals (EMNCs) and explore the importance of firm-specific technology and marketing know-how in that process. We develop our hypotheses and test them using a sample of 625 Chinese manufacturing multinationals across multiple industries. The results reveal that regional diversification predicts global diversification, and that firm-specific technology and marketing know-how both increase the likelihood of a firm’s moving from regional to global operations. Technology know-how was found to be more influential than marketing know-how.     

Gains from trade in used goods: Evidence from automobiles

I investigate the welfare effects of trade liberalization by exploiting a natural policy experiment in the economy of Cyprus. A 1993 law relaxed import restrictions on used vehicles and enabled the importation of second-hand Japanese automobiles into the country. This led to a dramatic shift of consumer purchases from new to used cars and a substantial expansion of the overall market. Welfare gains computed from a structural demand system average $2000 per purchaser per year over a four-year period after the policy change. The findings are suggestive of the potential for substantial gains from liberalizing trade in used goods.     

Gains from trade in used goods: Evidence from automobiles

I investigate the welfare effects of trade liberalization by exploiting a natural policy experiment in the economy of Cyprus. A 1993 law relaxed import restrictions on used vehicles and enabled the importation of second-hand Japanese automobiles into the country. This led to a dramatic shift of consumer purchases from new to used cars and a substantial expansion of the overall market. Welfare gains computed from a structural demand system average $2000 per purchaser per year over a four-year period after the policy change. The findings are suggestive of the potential for substantial gains from liberalizing trade in used goods.     

技术性贸易壁垒对中国食品对外贸易的影响

随各国对食品质量、食品安全问题的关注程度日益增强、各国食品加工技术的不断完善,以及各国的食品进口准入条件的提高,都使得我国在食品贸易方面面临着更加苛刻严格的技术性贸易壁垒,贸易环境也相对恶化.本文通过分析我国食品出口中所遇到的技术性贸易壁垒,并由分析结果给出了应对技术性贸易壁垒我国食品的对外贸易所需要注意和改善的方面,及其改善措施.