光纤用高纯SiCl4制备方法的研究

本文对比分析了几种光纤用高纯SiCl4的制备方法,包括精馏法、吸附-精馏法、部分水解法和光氯化法,得出光氯化法为目前为止最合适的制备光纤用高纯SiCl4的方法.     

核电级高纯硼酸的制备工艺探讨

硼酸属于无机化工原料,广泛应用于工业各领域,但是长期受到制备工艺技术的限制,尚难以满足核电工业的要求,因此,重视核电级高纯硼酸制备工艺的研究具有重要的现实意义.本文基于传统工业硼酸生产工艺,对核电级高纯硼酸制备工艺进行优化,并对其可行性及经济价值进行探讨,以期能够为该项技术的产业化提供一定的指导.     

enz精己二酸的制备工艺及工艺改革

介绍精已二酸由工业级已二酸经溶解、活性炭脱色,过滤结晶、增浓、离心的过程,以及工艺技术革新。     

可溶酸液相合成法三聚甲醛制备的工艺管理

可溶酸液相合成法制备三聚甲醛工艺是目前研究时间长、工艺比较成熟、应用较为广泛的一项工艺路线。三聚甲醛、甲醛和水可形成共沸物,因此加入萃取剂进行萃取精馏是传统的工艺。该工艺包括甲醛浓缩工序、三聚甲醛合成工序、三聚甲醛萃取精馏工序、稀甲醛回收工序。甲醛在硫酸催化剂的催化条件下生成的三聚甲醛浓度2%～4%,浓度较低,且伴有副反应发生,需要进一步的提纯。三聚甲醛作为聚甲醛生产过程的重要中间单体,其品质非常重要。水、甲酸、甲醇等杂质影响聚合反应,因此在三聚甲醛合成精制过程中,控制上述三者的浓度在三聚甲醛产品的品质管理中是重中之重。同时在该工艺中存在管线设备阻塞、腐蚀和反应液白浊等影响连续生产的因素,必须做好工艺控制。     

高纯无水氯化镁的制备及制镁工艺探究

通过将Mg(OH)2为生产原料与高纯度的乙醇溶液充分混合,通入过量HCl气体与Mg(OH)2充分反应生成MgCl2。对于充分反应后的溶液进行蒸馏处理,,直到形成乙醇和氯化镁的络合物CH3CH2OH?6MgCl2,蒸干得到粉末状无水氯化镁晶体。经过实验可以进一步确定原料的最适宜投料比,并且对于制备过程中的相关技术问题进行探讨。无水氯化镁是电解法制镁的基本原料,而高纯度的无水氯化镁可以提高镁的纯度,减少有毒气体的排放,提高生产效率。     

二硝基甲苯还原制备甲苯二胺的研究进展

文章综述了二硝基甲苯还原制备甲苯二胺的研究进展,介绍并讨论了化学还原法、催化加氢法的优缺点。列举催化加氢法所用催化剂的种类并阐明了今后还原制备甲苯二胺的研究重心是对催化加氢所用催化剂的改进。     

气相解聚法制取高纯度双环戊二烯的研究

以聚酯级双环戊二烯为原料,在一套100 t/a高纯度双环戊二烯的装置上进行了气相解聚一再二聚法生产高纯度双环戊二烯的中试研究.结果表明,经过气相解聚、二聚、精馏试验,确定了最佳工艺条件,解聚收率大于90%,二聚收率为93%,精馏后可获得纯度大于95%和99.5%的两种产品.产品总收率为80%以上,具有良好的工业应用前景.     

高纯度片剂五氧化二钒生产工艺研究

为满足新产品开发需求,本文对片剂五氧化二钒生产工艺进行了研究,通过钒液稀释、沉钒、过滤、片剂熔铸等步骤的工艺改进,成功生产出高纯度片剂五氧化二钒。     

KDP（KH2PO4）晶体材料的研究进展

回顾了近年关于KDP晶体材料的研究成果,对KDP晶体的不同生长技术、晶体中散射颗粒形成的原因以及晶体的光透过谱进行了介绍,特别对影响KDP晶体激光损伤阈值的原因进行了讨论与分析,并展望了今后KDP晶体的发展趋势。     

茶籽油制备高纯度油酸的工艺研究

文章以商品茶籽油为原料制备得混合脂肪酸,再对混合脂肪酸进行脲包处理纯化其油酸。为进一步提高油酸纯度,进行二次脲包试验。结果表明:第二次脲包试验在尿素用量为20g、包合时间4h、包合温度10℃时,效果最佳,油酸纯度提高至98.51%,且完全去除饱和脂肪酸。     

离子液体制备无机纳米“材料”研究进展

离子液体在纳米材料制备方面具有很多优势,为纳米材料的制备开辟了一条新的途径。目前,研究者已经在离子液体中制备出了零维、一维和二维纳米材料。文章就近年来国内外相关研究进展,对离子液体在无机纳米材料合成中的应用进行综述。     

高纯四氯化硅生产尾气的处理工艺

文章提出了一种利用亚硫酸钠和氢氧化钠混合溶液处理高纯四氯化硅生产中产生的含氯尾气的处理工艺,该工艺可深度去除高纯四氯化硅生产过程产生的多组分尾气的次氯酸盐成分。检测结果表明处理尾气产生的废水次氯酸根离子浓度去除率可达到98.7%,反应后的混合液不产生氯气。该工艺具有流程简单、可连续化操作、处理量大、适用性强等特点。完全可以满足高纯四氯化硅生产工艺中尾气处理的要求。     

Research and development (R&D) beyond manufacturing: the strange case of services R&D

The share of business research and development (R&D) expenditure stemming from the services sector of the economy has been growing rapidly in many (though not all) OECD countries, according to official statistics. The same data sources also indicate, however, that services contribute less to R&D than would be expected given their large shares of employment and output in national economies. In part, incomplete sampling of services in R&D surveys may lead to some underestimation of their R&D activity, but this is unlikely to account for their apparently poor performance. This paper draws on an analysis of existing statistical sources, and on interviews and workshops with service firms' managers. It finds difficulties associated with the ways in which R&D has been operationalised in survey questions. Examination of survey questionnaires suggests that the formulation of these questions, focusing on technological R&D and ruling out much social scientific R&D, disproportionately reduces the reporting of R&D by service firms. But beyond this, the R&D concept itself has some problematic features where it comes to documenting innovation in service firms. This was investigated through a programme of interviews and workshops with service firms, where a lack of familiarity with the R&D concept and R&D management practices was found to be commonplace. R&D performance and innovation activities vary across services of different sorts, even though most service subsectors appear to be low R&D investors. It is thus important to examine services' innovation patterns and processes, to establish what types of R&D‐like activity are underway in these subsectors. While some modification in R&D measurement would be desirable to capture services' activities, effort to understand the non‐R&D elements of services innovation is also important – for management and for policy (given that governments are seeking to create R&D incentives and targets for services and other sectors). There are grounds for expecting (a) services' share of business R&D to continue to grow; (b) this share to continue to be well below what would be expected from the prevalence of services in economic activity, and (c) for many services' innovation to continue to rely heavily on sources that are not directly associated with R&D.     

氯硅烷水解工艺研究进展

综述了氯硅烷水解工艺的研究进展,包括碱性介质水解、过量水水解、恒沸酸水解工艺和浓酸水解工艺,探讨了各种水解工艺优缺点,展望了氯硅烷水解工艺的发展方向和在多晶硅和有机硅渣浆或残液处理上的应用前景。     

生物柴油制备方法的研究进展

生物柴油作为一种绿色的可再生能源,正逐步成为替代化石能源的研究热点。其制备分物理和化学两大类,在化学法中尤以酯交换法工业应用最为广泛。重点讨论了不同催化剂及其工艺路线下,酸、碱催化剂和生物酶等3种催化剂在酯交换过程中的应用,并对这些制备方法的优劣进行了初步的总结。