Evaluating food retailers using dual elasticities of substitution

Dual elasticities of substitution from a distance function model of the food retailing establishment are developed based on multiple performance measures integrated with store characteristics, staffing decisions, and employee benefits and incentives. The impacts of organizational and competitive conditions such as store format, membership in a self-distributing chain, and the presence of a supercenter on store management decisions are evaluated. Technical substitution relationships implied by the dual Morishima elasticities confirm that moderate changes in relative shadow factor prices are associated with input adjustments in retail operations, implying that the costs of adjusting input allocations are small. Both value added and service offerings decline in the presence of a supercenter, with food retailers relying on price adjustments as a primary strategy.     

Investigating the value of information sharing in multi-echelon supply chains

Under the structure of multiple business entities, supply chain management (SCM) offers the external and internal integration of business processes in enterprises. The most important objective of SCM is to enhance the supply chain performance such as reinforcing the service level and increasing profit as well as reducing order cycle time and inventory. In recent years, due to the advancement of information technology, enterprises can manage the product flow and the information flow via economical and efficient mechanisms. The well-organized information sharing can enhance the supply chain performance and allow enterprises to refine their strategies of supply chain in order to maximize their profits. The previous studies pointed out the positive effect of information sharing on the efficiency of supply chain. However, relatively little literature focuses on the performance analysis for multi-echelon supply chain with various information sharing scenarios. By using the simulation technique, this paper models different scenarios of information sharing, and further analyzes the impacts of information quality on multi-echelon supply chain performance. In addition, this paper employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to integrate multiple performance measures to ensure the information sharing scenarios with enhanced performance.     

基于数据包络分析的供应链知识共享评价

供应链中的知识共享可以提高知识创新与运用的效率,使供应链节点企业间的知识水平达到协调与优化,从而提高供应链的整体绩效水平。讨论了使用数据包络分析(DEA)方法对供应链间的知识共享水平进行评价,并建立了评价的相关输入输出指标体系。     

An empirical study of the impact of e-business technologies on organizational collaboration and performance

The use of e-business technologies between supply chain organizations has been thematic in recent literature. Organizational collaboration, the foundation of supply chain management, has been enabled by the development and use of e-business technologies. Organizational collaboration and information sharing, in turn, are expected to improve organizational performance. We propose and test a model of the relationship between organizational use of e-business technologies, organizational collaboration, and performance, using empirical data. Our model differs from past studies in that collaboration is viewed as two unique constructs, differentiating between intra- and inter-organizational collaboration. Our findings show that use of e-business technologies impacts performance both directly and indirectly by promoting both measures of collaboration. Intra-firm collaboration is also found to have a direct impact on organizational performance. However, the impact of inter-organizational collaboration on performance is found to be only indirect, through the impact of intra-organizational collaboration. These findings reveal the complexity of organizational collaboration, underscore the importance for companies to promote internal collaboration, and invest in information technologies that facilitate it.     

危化品物流智慧供应链影响因素及对策

从智慧供应链的角度,提出环境感知能力、资源整合能力、数据处理能力、技术支撑能力、信息共享能力等五个危化品智慧供应链影响因素,并作出研究假设,建立危化品物流智慧供应链影响因素模型,通过实证分析,进一步验证假设的正确性,基于研究结论,从整合供应链资源、运用先进物联网技术、提高供应链共享程度这三个方面提出对策建议。     

A data-driven decision support system with smart packaging in grocery store supply chains during outbreaks

The unexpected emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed how grocery shopping is done. The grocery retail stores need to ensure hygiene, quality, and safety concerns in-store shopping by providing “no-touch” smart packaging solutions for agri-food products. The benefit of smart packaging is to inform consumers about the freshness level of a packaged product without having direct contact. This paper proposes a data-driven decision support system that uses smart packaging as a smart product-service system to manage the sustainable grocery store supply chain during outbreaks to prevent food waste. The proposed model dynamically updates the price of a packaged perishable product depending on freshness level while reducing food waste and the number of rejected customers and maximising profit by increasing the inventory turnover rate of grocery stores. The model was tested on a hypothetical but realistic case study of a single product. The results of this study showed that stock capacities, freshness discount rate, freshness period, and quantity discounts significantly affect the performance of a grocery store supply chain during outbreaks.     

Green supply chain integration and financial performance: A social contagion and information sharing perspective

Although green supply chain integration (GSCI) has received wide attention, how it diffuses among supply chain members to affect the manufacturer's performance is still unclear. This study examines the relationships among GSCI, information sharing, and financial performance from a social contagion lens. By conceptualizing GSCI into three forms, two types of contagion mechanisms (i.e., cohesion and structural equivalence) were identified to investigate the underlying contagion effects between different forms of GSCI and the effects of various GSCI on information sharing and financial performance. Survey data were collected from 206 Chinese manufacturers and analyzed using structural equation modeling to test hypotheses. The results indicate that green supplier integration directly promotes green internal integration, green customer integration, and information sharing with suppliers. Green internal integration positively influences green customer integration and financial performance. Green customer integration enhances information sharing with customers. Both information sharing with suppliers and customers improve financial performance. This study contributes to the GSCI literature and provides novel managerial implications for manufacturers.     

企业计划统计信息管理系统的流程再造

为更好地借助信息化手段,实现采购过程中的信息共享,实现供应链企业之间的信息有效传递,确保信息传递的效率和质量,实现数据的统计和利用,营销公司要引进先进的管理平台,将最新的理论和技术应用于企业运营管理当中。论文阐述了现阶段企业进行流程再造和信息系统升级改造的必要性,结合上下游供应链管理的情况,对供应链管理各节点存在的问题进行了分析,最后有针对性地编制了流程再造的实施方案。     

CIMS环境下供应链信息分类编码实现模型的研究

在CIMS环境下,供应链各节点企业应实现在不同应用系统间的异构信息交互和信息有效共享．信息一致性是实现信息共享的基础。因此,通过分析供应链的信息特．占’和信息需求,结合信息技术、信息分类编码技术和动态编码实现技术．提出了一种在CIMS环境下供应链信息分类编码实现模型,并在某制造企业间较好实施和应用。     

小农户进入有效粮食供应链的结合点及集成协作原则

通过对小农户二级供应链结构分析,基于有效粮食供应链的结构,提出了小农户进入有效粮食供应链的结合点是作为超市的生产基地、作为特色粮食经营公司的租赁生产者、集结进入大型生产商、协作形成合作社或协会,或通过加入有效电子商务网络平台直接与加工商交易,从而节省交易成本,增强与加工商和批发商之间集成的结构稳定性,小农户遵循有效粮食供应链的集成协作原则是信息共享、风险共担和利益共享,并按不同结合点各有侧重地落实到操作协议上。     

考虑政府补贴的绿色供应链契约分析及优化研究

以政府、供应商和制造商组成的绿色供应链为研究对象,探讨政府补贴和供应链契约对绿色供应链绩效的影响。构建了批发价格契约、收益共享契约和数量折扣契约模型,比较分析了不同契约下各主体效益及契约选择偏好,设计了收益共享且绿色投入成本共担契约来提高供应链绩效。研究发现:消费者绿色偏好越强烈,产品绿色度和供应链各主体效益越高;当产品绿色度相等时,制造商更倾向于选择批发价格契约,而供应商和政府更倾向于选择收益共享契约或数量折扣契约;相较于其他契约,设计的收益共享且绿色投入成本共担契约可以提高产品绿色度和企业效益。本文为考虑政府补贴的绿色供应链企业决策及选择合理的合作契约提供了理论支持。     

Supply chain practice and information sharing

Effective supply chain practice and information sharing enhances the current supply chain management environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the integration of information sharing and supply chain practice in supply chain management. Data from 125 North American manufacturing firms were collected. The results show that (1) effective information sharing significantly enhances effective supply chain practice; (2) supply chain dynamism has significant positive influence on effective information sharing as well as effective supply chain practice. Supply chain dynamism has more influence on information sharing than supply chain practice; (3) and effective supply chain practice becomes more important when the level of information sharing increases. The findings show that both effective information sharing and effective supply chain practice are critical in achieving good supply chain performance.     

Establishing the use of cloud computing in supply chain management

Despite having various benefits associated with greater information flow in the supply chain, empirical cloud computing research is scarce in the supply chain management domain. This paper explores the managerial perceptions on the use of cloud computing in supply chain management. Specifically, this paper seeks to address: how cloud computing impacts information sharing among supply chain partners, the impact of trust in cloud information sharing and the impact of cloud computing on supply chain performance. Using a multi-method research design we present a combined semi-structured interviews of four different companies in the United States and a survey to analyze and empirically assess our results. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the results of this study. Our analysis provides empirical support based on managerial perceptions regarding cloud computing, information sharing and supply chain performance. The data provide evidence on the impact of cloud computing in enhancing information sharing. This information sharing through cloud computing appears to positively impact supply chain performance. This paper also provides support on the important role of inter-organizational trust in facilitating the use of cloud computing for information sharing purposes.     

考虑消费者效用的生鲜品双渠道供应链协调

研究了由一个供应商和一个零售商构成的生鲜品双渠道供应链,构建了受保鲜努力影响的新鲜度变化函数以及受价格和新鲜度影响的消费者效用函数。提出“保鲜成本分担+收益共享”契约,以实现供应链的协调。研究表明,零售商通过分担供应商保鲜努力成本,促使供应商投入更高的保鲜努力水平,从而增加市场需求及利润;供应商通过与零售商分享线上收益,促使零售商承担更多的保鲜努力成本。因此,一定的保鲜成本分担和收益共享比例有助于提高供应链效率。最后采用算例验证了“保鲜成本分担+收益共享”契约对于生鲜品双渠道供应链的有效性。     

供应链信息共享实现机制研究

牛鞭效应使得供应链管理变得更加复杂和困难,而在供应链中高效地共享信息能够极大减弱牛鞭效应。结合供应链信息共享的特点,给出供应链信息共享需要考虑的内容,并根据这些内容提出供应链信息共享的信息查询机制、数据交换机制和安全机制。这三种机制保证了在供应链中安全高效地共享信息。     

Green supply chains and the missing link between environmental information and practice

Within the field of green supply chain management (GSCM), an interest in supply chain cooperation to create sustainable competitive advantage, i.e. the collaborative paradigm, has made researchers turn their attention to information related aspects of the supply chain. This study contributes to an understanding of a suboptimal use of environmental information, which is critical for all collaborative efforts aiming at sustainable competitive advantage. The aim of this article is to describe the use of environmental information at different stages of the Swedish food supply chain. The results from this case study of the Swedish food supply chain indicate that environmental information is perceived and used differently by purchasers in the supply chain depending on where (in the supply chain) they are situated in relation to other chain actors. The main contribution of this study is the suggestion of a stage‐dependent connection between perceived environmental cost and perceived environmentally informed consumer demand, which are barriers to GSCM practice discussed in recent GSCM literature. The missing link between information sharing and (environmental) performance of supply chains is explained as distance to end‐consumer in terms of supply chain stages. Implications for GSCM practice and theory are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

基于SCM的企业信息系统集成

供应链管理强调企业间的合作,要求企业信息系统跨职能、跨组织的集成。从供应链管理的本质出发,以建立一条信息共享的协同化供应链为目标,论文介绍了供应链上各企业信息系统集成的基础技术,并提出了基于SCM的企业信息系统集成框架与策略。     

基于平衡计分思想的食品冷链评价指标研究

随着生活水平的提高,人们对冷藏食品的需求日益增加,冷藏食品供应链应运而生并快速发展。文中首先介绍食品冷链的特殊性及绩效评价的重要性,然后结合供应链绩效评价的一般指标归纳总结出基于平衡计分卡的食品冷链绩效评价指标,并构建指标体系。     

碳交易政策下供应链协调决策机制研究

供应链系统中成员企业存在竞争关系,在减排活动中容易相互推卸责任,使供应链系统不能良性发展,因此协调各方利益做到互利双赢十分重要。深入探究了单周期两级供应链的订购与减排决策模型,针对碳交易政策,并结合政府减排技术补贴政策,重点研究了收益共享契约对最优订购量、最优碳减排率以及最大收益的影响。     

连锁门店优秀店长流失的原因及对策分析

连锁经营企业的店长作为连锁门店经营战略的执行者和实现各项经济指标的管理者,其职业素养与工作能力直接影响着门店的经营业绩。随着连锁行业不断发展,优秀店长辞职现象日益突出,不仅给所在门店带来管理上的动荡,也使员工感觉到公司管理的不足和由此引发对公司未来发展缺乏信心。为此,文章针对当前连锁企业优秀店长流失较为严重的现象,分析了问题产生的主要原因并探寻相应解决对策。