基于休闲时空涉入的地方认同模型之研究

缺乏对外派驻地的地方认同感、难以在驻地从事有益的休闲活动来调适外派压力,已成为长期派驻大陆的台资企业台籍人员外派失败的主因之一.文章以广州市台资企业台籍人员为研究对象,通过实证研究探讨外派人员在驻地休闲时空涉入与地方认同的关系,并以结构方程模型方法验证建构基于休闲时空涉入的地方认同模型.研究表明:(1)台籍人员的职业倦怠与休闲感知自由呈显著负相关、与休闲调适策略呈显著正相关,休闲感知自由对于职业倦怠与休闲调适策略的影响关系存在显著负向的中介调节效果;(2)台籍人员的休闲感知自由与休闲调适策略、休闲时空涉入两者皆呈显著正相关,休闲调适策略对于体闲感知自由与休闲时空涉入的影响关系无显著的中介调节效果存在;(3)台籍人员的休闲调适策略与休闲时空涉入无显著的因果关系存在;(4)台籍人员的休闲时空涉入与地方认同呈显著正相关,地方认同与休闲时空涉入呈显著正相关、存在正向的互惠效果;(5)就休闲涉入前因关系模型而言,台籍人员通过休闲感知自由影响休闲时空涉入的因果关系影响敏感性强于通过休闲调适策略,即当处于同等程度的职业倦怠时,台籍人员通过休闲感知自由程度影响休闲时空涉入程度的效果较好.研究成果可作为海峡两岸相关主管部门、台资企业协会与台资企业完善台籍人员休闲生活管理制度的参考.     

基于休闲限制理论的澳门居民MGP相关休闲行为研究

澳门格兰披治大赛车(Macau Grand Prix,MGP)是澳门重要的标志性体育赛事(Hallmark Sport Event),对丰富城市旅游目的地形象具有重要意义.社区居民的参与及支持对提高节事的旅游吸引力有重要作用.基于这一背景,文章对未能观看2013年11月(第60届)MGP的居民就“限制因素”(自变量)、“赛事休闲替代行为的参与”(中介变量)和“赛事支持度”(因变量)3个方面进行了调查并建立起分析模型.研究得出如下结论:(1)“个人内在”与“安全”两个方面的限制因素对因变量有非常显著的负向影响,而“社会身份”方面的因素则有显著的正向影响;(2)与赛事直接相关的休闲替代行为参与对赛事支持度有显著的正向影响,与赛事不直接相关休闲替代行为实施对赛事支持度则有显著的负向影响(但影响系数较低);(3)与赛事直接相关的两类休闲替代活动的参与在“社会身份”自变量与因变量之间存在完全的中介效应,同时在“个人内在”自变量与因变量之间存在不完全的中介效应.     

深度休闲与主观幸福感——基于中国老年群体的本土化研究

中国正步入—个前所未有的休闲时代,休闲在民众的生活中占据着越来越重要的位置,已经成为人们的一种生活方式或生活品质.文章以具有深度休闲行为的老年群体为研究对象,通过深度访谈收集质性资料,运用扎根理论,通过开放性译码、主轴译码和选择性译码3个严谨的分析步骤,探究了深度休闲行为对老年群体主观幸福感的影响机制.研究主要结论是:(1)深度休闲对我国老年群体的主观幸福感具有重要影响;(2)深度休闲通过充实感、归属感、成就感、身体健康、心理健康和人际互动等机制,来提升老年群体的主观幸福感.     

城市休闲与休闲城市

随着休闲概念的普及与发展,城市休闲与休闲城市建设成为城市发展的一个前沿课题.本文在研究城市休闲影响因素和城市休闲体系构建的基础上,对建设休闲城市进行了初步探索.     

城市居民体育健身休闲制约与休闲参与的影响关系——基于福州市的实证分析

人类争取真正意义上的休闲过程其实也是克服各种休闲制约的过程.体育健身休闲日益成为我国城市居民主要休闲活动之一.发展群众体育,倡导全民健身也成为推进"健康中国"国家战略的重要内容.研究城市居民体育健身休闲制约因素及其对休闲参与的影响程度,不仅有助于了解城市居民体育健身休闲参与的制约特征,且对优化城市体育健身休闲空间的人本化建设及管理决策提供一定的指导意义.文章基于929份福州居民健身休闲制约因素与休闲参与的调查问卷,采用主成分分析和结构方程模型,实证探讨福州市居民体育健身休闲制约因素与休闲参与的影响关系.研究结果表明:个人制约、服务管理、人际制约、环境状况和休闲机会是影响城市居民体育健身休闲参与的五大重要因素.其中,个人制约因素对休闲参与的直接影响程度最大,其次是服务管理和人际制约因素,环境状况因素直接影响程度最小,而休闲机会因素则间接影响居民体育健身休闲参与.此外,城市居民体育健身休闲参与还受到五大制约因素之间不同程度的交互影响,从而表现出复杂性效应的特征.     

大陆赴台自由行游客地方认同与休闲效益关系研究

台湾是许多大陆游客向往的休闲胜地, 大陆游客赴台自由行热度的持续升温, 这既给台湾带来巨大的旅游经济效益, 更可增进海峡两岸的民间交流和人民情谊。文章通过实证研究探讨大陆赴台自由行游客对台湾的地方认同及其在台从事休闲活动所获得的休闲效益等程度表现的差异性, 并检验地方认同与休闲效益间的相关性。研究表明, 大陆赴台自由行游客对台湾的地方认同以环境认同程度最高, 依恋程度最低, 其在台湾从事休闲活动所获得的休闲效益以社会效益最高, 生理效益最低;不同个人背景与游程规划的大陆赴台自由行游客在地方认同与休闲效益程度方面有显著的差异;地方认同与休闲效益间呈显著正相关且彼此间存在典型相关关系。研究成果可作为海峡两岸旅游职能部门及旅游企业完善休闲法规、环境与产品组合的参考。     

标识牌解说效度对游客地方认同感和忠诚度的影响作用——以上海历史街区为例

文章将上海历史街区旅游解说系统中普及率最高的解说标识牌作为研究对象,通过标识牌解说效度、游客满意度、地方认同感、地方忠诚度、游客涉入、旅游经验这6个潜在变量构建概念模型,研究标识牌解说效度对游客地方认同感与地方忠诚度的影响作用.研究结果表明:(1)标识牌解说效度未能对地方忠诚度产生直接效应,只能通过游客满意度和地方认同感形成间接影响;(2)标识牌解说效度对游客满意度与地方忠诚度具有显著正向影响;(3)游客满意度和地方认同感对地方忠诚度的显著正向影响也得以验证;(4)游客涉入和游客经验在概念模型中具有显著调节效应.     

浅谈我国休闲旅游与休闲产业、休闲社会的发展关系

休闲旅游、休闲产业和休闲社会虽然看似三个不同范畴的概念,但却密切相关,在我国这三者的发展关系与西方发达国家相比还存在一些特殊性.     

女性休闲障碍因素探析——以杭州为例

本文以经济学、管理学、社会学等多门学科理论与方法为指导,对杭州市女性休闲行为进行了系统的问卷调查,深入分析了女性休闲的障碍因素.研究结果显示,时间障碍和收入障碍构成城市女性休闲活动的主要障碍;城市女性休闲障碍因年龄、就业状况、学历、收入等不同存在显著差异.高学历女性享有较多的休闲时间,高收入女性能够支付较高水平的休闲花费.人际障碍对女性休闲的负面影响不大.杭州女性休闲呈现明显的外向性、物质性的特点.这些发现有助于相关部门和企业深入理解我国女性体闲的障碍因素,对其制定有针对性的政策和营销策略来消除女性休闲障碍、提高女性休闲质量具有重要参考价值.     

城市休闲产业与产品发展导向研究——基于休闲需求结构与行为的分析

本文运用产业经济学原理,将理论研究与统计分析相结合,研究说明两个问题:(1)基于休闲需求结构分析的城市休闲产业发展导向;(2)基于休闲消费行为分析的城市休闲产品发展导向.研究成果的指导意义在于:试图为城市休闲产业与产品发展指明道路.     

Forensic Leisure Science: A New Frontier for Leisure Scholars

This study examined patterns of continuity and change in leisure behavior of recently retired individuals. The study investigated post-retirement leisure behavior in an Israeli national sample. It explored the differences among four defined groups: reducers, concentrators, diffusers and expanders, and measured their leisure participation and life satisfaction. Results indicated that the expanders and the concentrators enjoyed a significantly higher life satisfaction. The findings supported activity theory and continuity theory. They also led to the conclusion that for people who had a limited leisure repertoire prior to retirement, experiencing new activities was just as important as continuity in the adaptation process of retirement.     

Hard-Core Leisure: A Conceptualization

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research reflection is to describe a slice of serious leisure that we call hard-core leisure, which we define as a form of serious leisure that involves extraordinary commitment that is directed toward an “authentic” style of social world activity. Using examples from birdwatching, Civil War reenacting, and climbing, we explain how hard-core participants separate themselves from other participants in terms of what they believe are superior styles of participation and unusual degrees of effort, perseverance, and conduct. Too often, serious participants in any given leisure activity are seen as homogeneous in their attitudes and behavior. The concept of hard-core leisure makes problematic this assumption by bringing to light an extreme form of leisure participation.     

A Prospective Panel Study of Chinese-Canadian Immigrants’ Leisure Participation and Leisure Satisfaction

This longitudinal study examined Chinese immigrants’ leisure participation and satisfaction. A model where participation predicted satisfaction indicated that: satisfaction at Time 1 affected satisfaction at Time 2, and satisfaction at Times 1 and 2 affected satisfaction at Time 3, while participation at Time 1 directly affected satisfaction at Time 2 and indirectly at Time 3. A model where satisfaction predicted participation indicated that: participation at Time 1 affected participation at Time 2, and participation at Times 1 and 2 influenced participation at Time 3, while satisfaction at Time 1 did not affect participation at either Times 2 or 3.     

Leisure styles: A hidden core

Abstract

Factor analysis has been employed in a number of North American and European studies to categorize leisure activities according to participation patterns. The resulting factors have been the basis of proposed labels for leisure styles. Since the results of the factor analyses have been found to vary with the relative heterogeneity of samples and activities studied, comparison of previous findings with a more varied sample and activity list is indicated. With an NORC national sample and participation measured in a diverse list of leisure activities, factor analysis was completed and stepwise multiple regression used to measure the relationship of the resulting factors to age, sex, and social position indices. The factors do not support a neat or clearly differentiated set of activity groupings. Further, a set of activities with high participation rates did not appear in any factors or vary systematically by age, sex, or social position. Support is given to a model that suggests that adult leisure chores begin with a common core of accessible and informal activities.     

也谈休闲城市与城市休闲

本文对休闲城市的标准做了较为系统的整理,对城市休闲的基本问题从规划实践的角度做了较为全面的阐述,对城市休闲的产业体系、城市休闲的游憩方式与城市休闲的空间构成等问题进行了深入研究。     

Family Leisure Functioning: A Cross-National Study

The purpose of this study was to, first, determine whether positive relationships between family leisure (involvement and satisfaction) and family outcomes (cohesion, adaptability, family functioning, and satisfaction with family life) were present in a multinational sample, and second, determine whether the core and balance model could provide a consistent framework for between country comparisons of relationships between family leisure and family outcome variables cross nationally. Families were recruited from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Data were analyzed using blocked multiple regression models, and generalized linear models to compare relationships across countries. Overall, findings indicated positive relationships between family leisure and family outcomes were consistent across all five countries. Some differences in relationship strength, not directionality, occurred primarily in family leisure involvement rather than family leisure satisfaction.     

A Reflection on Cultural Conflicts in Women's Leisure

This essay addresses the cultural implications of leisure by using an example of the relationship of mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law in Taiwan. Historically, Chinese people have lived in an extended family arrangement, usually with three or four generations together. The modern nuclear family leads to conflicting ways of negotiating the intergenerational relationships and women's leisure. Contradictions for women are brought about by the influences of new Western and old Confucian cultures, which are described in this essay.