利率市场化下县域农村商业银行盈利转型分析——以江阴农村商业银行为例

自推进1993年十四届三中全会利率市场化改革基本设想以来,商业银行分化和县域农村商业银行盈利难的现象日益突出。文章选用了江苏省典型的县域农村商业银行2015年利率市场化与盈利能力的关系进行分析。剖析了县域农村商业银行在利率市场化背景下面临的重重盈利困难,并给出相应的解决建议与措施。     

利率市场化对我国商业银行收入结构的影响研究 —基于16家上市银行数据的实证

利率市场化对我国商业银行转型发展产生了深刻的影响,本文以2008~2015年间16 家上市银行的数据作为研究样本,实证分析了利率市场化对商业银行业务收入结构的影响效 应。结果表明：利率市场化显著改善了我国商业银行业务收入结构;资产规模、监管压力、风 险水平、宏观经济也对业务收入结构具有正向促进作用,而货币供应量快速增长则对业务收入 结构起到抑制作用。鉴于此,我国商业银行要保持持续稳健增长,必须加快业务创新步伐,创 造新的盈利增长点,以适应利率市场化后的外部竞争环境。     

设计与银行最匹配适用的技术架构——适应利率市场化发展趋势的银行IT系统架构转型设计与思考

利率市场化环境下,银行面临着金融脱媒、风险定价、利差收窄、资金成本上升、盈利能力下降、规模边际效应递减、资产质量下滑等一系列风险与挑战。利率市场化的本质在于商业银行利率定价自主化,如何充分发挥自主定价的功能,如何通过定价行为有效地体现银行的经营发展战略,提高银行的总体收益,是各级银行业金融机构必须面对并努力探索解决的问题。为适应利率市场化未来业务模式的不断     

利率市场化改革与城市商业银行风险——来自42家城商行面板数据模型的经验证据

自2012年起开始提速的利率市场化改革,使得国内商业银行生存环境发生急剧变化。以存贷利差收窄为主要标志,利率市场化从资金来源、资金运用、资本补充等三个维度对以传统净息收入为主要收入来源的城商行带来深刻影响。文章基于国内42家城商行2009-2014年的平衡面板数据,从负债结构、资产质量、资产结构、资本充足水平四个层面,分析了利率市场化改革对城商行经营风险的影响。研究发现,伴随利率市场化程度的提高、净利差的收窄,城商行资金来源结构中非存款负债的比重上升,资产结构也趋向多元化,贷款在总资产中的比重呈持续下降态势。在此过程中,城商行的信用风险也不断上升、资产质量下滑;同时,随着盈利能力的下降、不良拨备提取压力的增大,资本化水平也在降低,资本充足率呈下降趋势。     

新形势下商业银行资产定价机制再认识——基于利率市场化和流动性理论

市场经济条件下,商业银行在资产定价中通常以利率为基础。近年来,我国利率市场化改革的步伐加快,商业银行在此背景下逐步提高了自身资产定价的能力,但不足之处也很明显。本文基于利率市场化和流动性理论,分析了我国商业银行资产定价的现状。在此基础上,本文结合利率市场化背景对提高商业银行资产定价能力进行了讨论,提出了一定的策略和建议。     

利率市场化对商业银行的挑战及对策建议

2012年以来,我国利率市场化进入全面加速时期,贷款已基本实现利率市场化,存款利率上限有所扩大,对商业银行的运行带来一系列冲击。存贷利差短期内收窄,资产业务结构发生变化,负债业务承受较大压力,中间业务竞争更加激烈,各类银行的客户结构面临较大调整压力。未来,商业银行应当实行差异化战略定位,调整收入结构、资产负债结构和客户结构,提高定价能力、风险管控能力,加强IT系统的建设,以促进业务转型。     

农村中小银行理财业务转型

当前,随着利率市场化改革的进一步推进,商业银行存贷款利差逐渐缩小,资产管理业务必将成为又一利润主要增长点。农村中小银行应顺应当前发展趋势,着力发展作为资产管理龙头的理财业务,力争实现"弯道超车",实现转型发展。理财业务转型发展背景金融新常态催生理财业务快速发展。随着利率市场化推进、存款保险制度推出、互联网金融兴起,全民资产多元化配置时代到来,商业银行以存款为主的负债结构已不再稳定,主要依靠存贷款     

利率市场化背景下的银行营业风险管理探讨

随着利率市场化机制的逐步形成,商业银行在开展资产类业务时将面临着利率波动,这种波动性又将影响到银行的盈利预期和资本金的配置。可见,相对于现阶段的央行主导下的利率调整,利率市场化背景下的风险则主要由各商业银行自身消化。利率市场化背景下若要有效管控银行业务风险,其实则是一项系统的保障工程。该项工程还需要从中央银行、金融法规等两方面的适应性优化中,来确保商业银行营业风险的有效规避。     

LPR机制改革对商业银行盈利能力和风险承担的影响研究

LPR机制改革作为我国利率市场化改革的重要组成部分,对于推动利率市场化进程、提高货币政策利率传导效率、提升银行贷款自主定价程度具有重要意义。本文选取2016—2020年164家商业银行年度数据,通过PSM对数据进行处理,采用DID方法研究LPR机制改革对我国商业银行盈利能力和风险承担水平的影响。研究发现：LPR机制改革的实施将会提高商业银行风险承担水平,提升商业银行的盈利能力;LPR机制改革可以通过竞争和信贷两个渠道提高商业银行风险承担水平;LPR机制改革对农村商业银行的影响较大,能显著提升农村商业银行的盈利能力和风险承担水平,而对股份制商业银行影响较小。本研究为商业银行应对LPR改革提供对策建议,为监管部门完善机制改革、抵御利率市场化负面影响和维护金融系统稳定提供参考。     

利率市场化背景下我国股份制商业银行转型发展研究——以招商银行为例

随着利率市场化的逐步推进,我国股份制商业银行在各项业务中将获得更大的自主权,与此同时,丧失了利率管制下固定的利差收入,股份制商业银行也正面临着巨大的经营压力。研究以招商银行为样本银行,通过分析其经营现状与转型业务发展现状,为我国股份制商业银行在利率市场化背景下的转型发展提供决策依据。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.