如何计量公允价值

现行国际财务报告准则关于公允价值计量的规定散落在不同的具体准则之中,不具有一致性,有时甚至是自相矛盾的。2011年5月,国际会计准则委员会发布了IFRS13号准则:公允价值计量。作为唯一单独规范公允价值计量的准则,IFRS13修订了公允价值的定义,建立了统一的公允价值计量和披露规则。本文对IFRS13做了简单介绍,以期为IFRS13在我国企业的落地实施提供参考。     

Eyes on the prize: How did the fed respond to the stock market?

Since the stock market boom of the 1990s, many have suggested the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) has adopted an unannounced policy goal of supporting equity values. This paper offers a new approach to disentangle the relationship between changes in equity values and monetary policy. Specifically, the paper distinguishes the FOMC's reaction to forecasts of traditional goal variables, which may depend on equity prices, from the FOMC's independent reaction to changes in equity prices. By using actual forward-looking variables examined by the FOMC before each action (the “Greenbook” forecasts), the authors find little evidence to support the proposition that the FOMC responds to stock values, except as filtered through a forecast of accepted monetary policy goal variables.     

如何引领中年员工实现转岗价值

近年来,随着中国工商银行（以下简称＂工行＂）运营三大体系改革的不断推进,运营效率不断提升,部分富余人员面临转岗。如何焕发中年转岗员工的斗志,挖掘其潜能,激发其活力,是各单位都需要重视的一项工作。     

The implications of the FTC's clear and conspicuous standards for the communication of credit card information to young consumers

College students are an important target market for credit card companies and are substantial users of this form of credit, even though they may not have the appropriate knowledge to make informed decisions regarding credit cards. Specific to financial services marketing, the focus of this study is to ascertain whether college-age students recall and understand disclosed information in credit card commercials. This study analyzes the effectiveness of three disclosure standards advocated by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) which are intended to ensure that consumers (such as college students) are appropriately informed. Specifically, this study focuses on: (1) modality, (2) audience consideration and (3) distraction level present during the disclosure presentation. Tests of the impact of these standards on consumer recall and comprehension of disclosed information have been mixed and the extant research has failed to test all of the standards in combination. An important contribution that this research makes is the reconciliation of differences found in previous research, while revealing the effects that implementing multiple FTC standards has on college students’ recall and comprehension, perceptions of recall and comprehension, and attitudes and behavioral intentions.     

The implications of the FTC's clear and conspicuous standards for the communication of credit card information to young consumers

College students are an important target market for credit card companies and are substantial users of this form of credit, even though they may not have the appropriate knowledge to make informed decisions regarding credit cards. Specific to financial services marketing, the focus of this study is to ascertain whether college-age students recall and understand disclosed information in credit card commercials. This study analyzes the effectiveness of three disclosure standards advocated by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) which are intended to ensure that consumers (such as college students) are appropriately informed. Specifically, this study focuses on: (1) modality, (2) audience consideration and (3) distraction level present during the disclosure presentation. Tests of the impact of these standards on consumer recall and comprehension of disclosed information have been mixed and the extant research has failed to test all of the standards in combination. An important contribution that this research makes is the reconciliation of differences found in previous research, while revealing the effects that implementing multiple FTC standards has on college students’ recall and comprehension, perceptions of recall and comprehension, and attitudes and behavioral intentions.     

Ambiguity and the value of information revisited

We analyze the value that decision makers place on the acquisition of information that partially or completely resolves uncertainty over the correct distribution of outcomes. We distinguish two sources of ambiguity of a given message service: posterior uncertainty over the correct probability distribution and uncertainty over the message which will be received. Given this distinction, we present a model where attitudes towards the two sources of ambiguity are separated and we study how these attitudes affect the value of information. The analysis clarifies and integrates seemingly contradictory results obtained previously in the literature.     

信息科技如何助推县域金融发展

县域金融是县域经济的核心。中国银监会副主席蒋定之在浙江长兴举行的中国县域金融论坛上指出,要实现农业发展、农村繁荣和农民增收,离不开县域金融的有效支持。信息科技如何才能在县域金融发展中发挥助推和引领作用,进而刺激和拉动县域经济发展,惠及＂三农＂,     

金融信息资产几多价值?

新兴商业模式中信息资产是最重要资产 2006年12月15日,A股市场上第一只纯正互联网络股--网盛科技(002095)在深交所挂牌交易,网盛科技开盘报68.1元,全天大幅震荡,盘中最高至78.00元,最低至53.05元,报收于62.8元,当前市盈率为134.6倍.     

The value of diffusing information

How does the speed by which information diffuses affect its value to a stock market investor? In a structural model solved in closed-form, this speed has two opposing effects on the empirically dominant term of the value of information. Faster-diffusing information means quicker and less noisy profits, but, also increases competing informed trading, impounding more information into prices and eroding profits. Structural empirical analysis of stock market reaction to drug approvals using media coverage as a proxy for the transmission rate of information finds that the value of information is hump-shaped in its future transmission rate. Moreover, the estimated amount of noise trading is small.     

The value of information and optimal organization

The article addresses the issue of optimal organization of production. I compare three organizational forms: centralization (one agent produces different inputs), decentralization (each of two agents produces a different input and contracts directly with the principal), and delegation (two agents produce different inputs, the principal contracts with one of them only). The optimal organizational form depends on the degree of complementarity/substitutability between the inputs in the final use. The degree of complementarity/substitutability also determines whether delegation is payoff equivalent to the two‐agent mechanism from the point of view of the principal. In the context of delegation, I consider which of the two agents should serve as the primary contractor. I also address the issue of collusion between the agents in a decentralized organization and characterize the conditions under which a stake of collusion exists.     

如何应对初级产品价格高涨下的国家风险变化

国际市场初级产品价格自2006年起加速上扬,至今仍在高位徘徊,而且期间并没有受到世界经济增速减缓和在2007年下半年爆发的次贷危机的明显影响。这种情况对于大多初级产品净出口国家和原油或粮食净进口国家来说,各自的风险是什么？请看中国信保专业人士的分析     

How security prices respond to a surge in investor attention: Evidence from Google Search of ADRs

This study examines the day-to-day impact of a surge in investor attention on security prices within a four-week investment horizon. Focusing on a sample of ADRs traded in the U.S. stock markets between 2004 and 2015, we measure the surge in investor attention by constructing a dummy variable based on the Search Volume Index (SVI) obtained from Google Trends. We find strong evidence that a surge in investor attention is associated with a same-day positive abnormal return. But the positive association between investor attention and stock return disappears or even reverses quickly after day zero. ADRs originated from developing countries and developed countries appear to be equally responsive to a surge in investor attention.     

Mutual fund trades and the value of contradictory private information

We investigate the performance of mutual funds that trade using private information. These funds are uniquely identified from a set of 2730 funds with 44,315 fund-periods between 1994 and 2005. We compare the alignment of fund trades with brokers’ recommendations, which we regard as “public information” in the universe of informed and uninformed mutual funds. Funds that systematically trade counter to the public information form a homogenous subset of the privately informed funds. By using private information that contradicts the public information, these funds exhibit a superior average performance. After we control for serial correlation in fund returns, we assess this advantage as being an economically significant 1.7% per annum. We also show empirically that smaller funds are better able to capture the benefit of private information.     

如何构建企业级客户信息交换系统

回归金融服务业本质。树立以客户为中心的服务理念，坚持服务市行，已得到银行业的认可。现代市场营销学理论工作者提出：现代企业营销策略应从4P向4C转变，客户关系管理是提升客户服务水平的关键，是拓展市场、培育竞争优势的基础。从业务的角度看，360度全面认识客户和单一的客户视图，是实现客户关系管理的两大组成部分。与其相对应的是，企业级数据仓库的应用和企业级客户信息交换平台的建设．     

How sensitive are consumer expenditures to retail energy prices?

There is growing evidence that the primary effect of energy price shocks on the U.S. economy involves a reduction in consumer spending. We quantify the direct effect on real consumption of unanticipated changes in discretionary income, shifts in precautionary savings, and changes in the operating cost of energy-using durables. The possibility of asymmetries in the response of real consumption to energy price shocks is also considered. We demonstrate that linear models are consistent with the symmetric behavior of real consumption in 1979 (when energy prices increased sharply) and in 1986 (when they fell sharply). It is shown that historically energy price shocks have been an important factor in explaining U.S. real consumption growth, but by no means the dominant factor.     

Bought deals: The value of underwriter certification in seasoned equity offerings

The bought deal is the predominant method of underwriting SEOs in Canada. Offer prices are set and underwriters commit to purchase offerings several days earlier for bought deals than for firm commitment issues, implying stronger underwriter certification for bought deal issues. Consistent with the certification hypothesis, this study finds a significantly smaller negative stock price reaction around the announcement of bought deals compared to firm commitment issues. Bought deals are further shown to have smaller offer price discounts and smaller underwriting fees, implying superior pricing and thus, higher quality offerings. These findings suggest that investment banks’ underwriting method of choice is informative of issue quality.     

The value of information in cross-listing

Until 2004, the London Stock Exchange allowed firms to be traded in the specialized SEAQ-I platform without the firm's involvement. Trading only required an application by one LSE trading member firm. Such an institutional arrangement, which made cross-listings possible without a firms' approval, allows for a direct test of different theories of foreign listing. In particular, we can differentiate between market segmentation and liquidity hypotheses, which rely on a firm trading in a foreign exchange and informational hypotheses, which assume that a firm makes the decision to trade in a foreign exchange. We identify a sample of international firms that are admitted to trading on London's SEAQ-I platform without their involvement. We estimate the valuation effects of this multi-market trading event and compare them to those enjoyed by firms that pursue a standard London Stock Exchange cross-listing. A cross-sectional abnormal returns analysis documents significant evidence in support of information-related hypotheses of cross-listing. An analysis of the firms' home market price volatility corroborates the results.     

How disclosure quality affects the level of information asymmetry

We examine two potential mechanisms through which disclosure quality is expected to reduce information asymmetry: (1) altering the trading incentives of informed and uninformed investors so that there is relatively less trading by privately informed investors, and (2) reducing the likelihood that investors discover and trade on private information. Our results indicate that the negative relation between disclosure quality and information asymmetry is primarily caused by the latter mechanism. While information asymmetry is negatively associated with the quality of the annual report and investor relations activities, it is positively associated with quarterly report disclosure quality. Additionally, we hypothesize and find that that the negative association between disclosure quality and information asymmetry is stronger in settings characterized by higher levels of firm-investor asymmetry.     

Equilibrium, price formation, and the value of private information

An economy is analyzed in which agents first choose whetherto acquire costly information about the return to a risky asset,and then choose demand functions that determine that allocationof assets. It is a well-known paradox that if agents are price-takersand prices are fully revealing, then an equilibrium with costlyinformation acquisition does not exist. It is shown that ifthe price formation process is modeled explicitly and agentsare not price-takers, then it is possible to have an equilibriumwith fully revealing prices and costly information acquisition.     

How information about likely accomplishments affects willingness to sacrifice to reduce global warming

Does information on what a proposed tax or regulation is likely to accomplish affect willingness to sacrifice? The economists' perspective is that having information about what a sacrifice is 'buying' is likely to influence choices. A different perspective is that vote choices in referenda are more of a symbolic exercise, with voters adopting a heuristic toward an issue domain and the heuristic guiding the vote. This research examines the impact of providing information about what sacrifices will accomplish in the context of an issue that is poorly understood: climate change. A survey that provides information to half the sample, but not to the other half shows that providing information about what a policy action is likely to achieve does affect people's support for the policy. The percentage supporting a referendum increases (holding constant the 'price') when information is provided that appears to imply a 'substantial' achievement. At least for the sacrifices identified, information about 'small' achievements either leads to no change or actually decreases willingness to sacrifice. Logistic models of determinants of willingness to sacrifice offer additional support for the contention that people differentiate rather than decide based upon a general environmental heuristic. Across the different referenda, different factors predict peoples' choices.