公司治理与公司市场价值——美国的经验与中国的实践

公司的市场价值取决于公司的绩效,而公司治理又是决定公司绩效的前提和基础。本文基于狭义的公司治理概念,从实证分析的角度,探讨了美国公司治理与公司市场价值之间的互动关系,并对中国上市公司的治理结构进行了考察,为完善中国公司治理提供了一些线索和脉络。     

公司治理、机构投资者与企业绩效——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

公司治理与机构投资者对企业绩效存在影响,公司治理与机构投资者存在内生性。本文选取中国2003～2007年上市公司数据,运用最小二乘法和二阶段回归法,对公司治理、机构投资者与企业绩效三者的关系进行实证研究。研究发现:机构投资者与公司治理正相关,与企业绩效存在正相关;公司治理与企业绩效正相关,公司治理的改善有助于提高企业绩效;机构投资者偏好政府控制企业和绩效好的企业。研究为进一步提升中国企业绩效提供了理论参考。     

用强有力的公司治理机制打造高效董事会

好的公司治理能够有效防范银行风险,促进银行稳健高效运营,提高银行经营绩效,提升公司核心竞争力从本质上讲,公司治理就是一套好的制度安排,如果有了一套好的制度安排,就能实现公司健康发展的目标。好的公司治理能够有效防范银行风险,促进银行稳健高效运营,提高     

论我国上市公司股权结构和公司治理绩效的关系

完善的股权结构是现代企业治理体系的重要基础,并对整个企业治理绩效有直接影响。因此,深入研究我国上市公司股权结构,并对其与公司管理绩效之间的联系进行深入剖析是当代上市公司完善公司治理、提升市场竞争力的重要现实要求。     

上市公司治理结构与绩效关系研究

本文将公司治理分为内外两个机制:内部机制主要由股权结构、资本结构、董事会治理和高层管理者激励几个主要方面构成;外部机制主要有产品市场竞争、公司控制权市场、法制基础和对中小股东权益的保护.分别分析这些机制对于公司绩效的影响,从而阐述上市公司公司治理与绩效的关系.     

我国上市公司股权结构与经营绩效的关系研究

股权结构是公司治理结构的基础，公司治理结构又决定着公司经营绩效。只有股权结构合理，才能形成完善的公司治理结构，进而才能保证公司取得良好的经营绩效。而股权结构和经营绩效的实证数量关系又是怎样的呢?本文利用2002年的数据资料，对化工类上市公司进行实证研究，发现两者并不显著相关，这也许是由它特定的行业特征所决定的。     

国有企业资本结构与企业治理状况分析

资本结构不仅会影响企业的经营绩效，也会对企业治理结构与治理效率产生重要影响。良好的资本结构应该成为所有对经营制衡的权力基础，并能够通过市场对经营进行有效的监督与激励。我国国有企业的资本结构存在的问题，使得公司治理机制难以对经营形成有效的激励与约束，从而出现了严重的内部人控制问题，导致了国有企业治理的失效。     

农村合作金融机构公司治理绩效弱化成因与对策

农村合作金融机构经过近几年的改革,公司治理结构的雏形已经形成。但由于股权结构极度分散造成实际出资人虚位、省联社职能履行不规范、法律自我实施机制尚不健全,以市场为基础的外部治理机制发育不全等因素导致公司治理绩效弱化。提高绩效应从优化股权结构、建立激励机制、完善监督机制、加强公司治理以及加快法制建设等方面着手。     

中国创业板上市公司治理与绩效的实证研究

公司治理的直接目标是提升公司绩效,公司绩效是衡量公司治理有效性的重要指标。本文以截至2010年9月30日在中国创业板上市的123家公司为样本,构建公司绩效与公司治理各变量的多元线性回归模型,对中国创业板上市公司的治理与绩效进行实证分析,并在实证研究的基础上,对如何完善我国创业板上市公司治理,提升公司绩效提出了政策建议。     

企业收购绩效与公司治理——内地和香港上市的中国企业实证分析

本文以A股和H/R股上市公司为样本,采用事件分析法、Pearson相关分析和回归分析,对企业收购绩效与公司治理结构进行了实证研究,结果表明目前A股市场的收购活动对企业绩效的影响是负面的,而H/R股的收购对绩效的影响并不显著。主要原因在于投资者法律保护环境及公司内外部治理等方面存在差异,据此认为上市企业要慎重对待收购行为,并提出了完善公司治理机制的相关建议。     

On the relation between corporate governance compliance and operating performance

Better corporate performance has been cited as one of the main benefits of adopting good corporate governance structures within organisations. However, in contrast to theory, a prior European study (Bauer et al., 2004) reports evidence of a negative relationship between corporate governance and corporate performance. This study re‐examines this relationship, and reports evidence of a positive relationship between the extent of compliance with international best practices concerning board structure and functioning and operating performance when operating performance is measured by the return on assets (ROA). This result is robust to controlling for the firms’ compliance with best practices in other governance areas, and holds for some other governance dimensions, namely disclosure of corporate governance and the range of takeover defences. Further tests indicate that greater compliance with international best practices concerning board structure and functioning is significantly associated with reporting less income from asset disposals and that studying a performance measure that includes this item obscures the inherently positive relationship between operating performance and the extent of compliance with international best practices regarding board structure and functioning. The results provide some support for an oftencited motivation for the adoption of good governance practices, and provide explicit evidence that the measure of operating performance is crucial in examining firm‐level operating performance.     

公司治理结构与盈余管理模式的互动分析

公司治理结构影响会计信息质量,会计信息质量的高低对公司治理结构的完善起到关键作用.盈余管理通过会计政策的选择与公司治理结构产生关系,公司治理结构对盈余管理模式具有重要影响,这种影响体现在内部治理和外部治理两个方面.同时,不同的盈余管理模式对公司治理结构的完善起着不同的作用.     

Does Corporate Governance Matter in the Contractual Form of Fund Management Companies in China?

ABSTRACT

Operating under a regulatory environment with weak enforcement of investor protection, the contractual form of fund management companies (FMCs) in China’s emerging fund industry presents some complex governance issues in addition to the conventional agency problems of modern public corporations. Using 288 firm-year observations covering more than 98 percent of FMCs in China, this article presents the first systematic study on whether the quality of corporate governance mechanisms affects the performance of the contractual form of FMCs. Our results suggest that FMCs with good corporate governance do matter in generating favorable performance for fund investors in China.     

Corporate governance and environmental performance and disclosures

In this study the relationships between good corporate governance practices and environmental performance and disclosure are examined. Firms that are among the major emitters of toxic emissions in the United States comprise the sample for the study. Pollution performance is measured using a methodology that includes both the toxicology of the emissions and the population density of the community. A corporate governance measure and a pollution disclosure evaluation that were previously presented in the accounting literature are utilized in the study to validate the main performance measure.The findings indicate that there is no relationship between good governance and good pollution performance. Additionally good governance is positively related to pollution disclosure while the correlation does not hold when governance was improved by SOX. The overall findings support legitimacy theory. This may indicate that the story about pollution performance is better than the actual outcome.     

国有商业银行公司治理结构的特殊性及其改革

公司治理结构的所有原则都来源于商业银行活动的基本实践.银行治理结构的缺陷最终会损害银行的竞争力,增大银行体系的风险.在当前面临外资银行激烈竞争的新形势下,建立国有商业银行良好的公司治理结构应是银行业改革的首要议题.鉴于我国国有商业银行公司治理结构的特殊性,其公司治理机制的构建应从利益相关者治理的角度出发,顺应国际公司治理的发展趋势,科学地借鉴国外公司治理的典型模式,通过有效的激励机制和内部控制体系,完善信息披露制度,以及逐步健全外部治理等措施,实现国有商业银行富有成效的改革,促进金融行业国际竞争力和资源配置效率的提高.     

公司绩效、公司治理与管理者报酬实证研究

本文以中国深、沪两市在2004年上市公司样本作为公司绩效、公司治理与管理者报酬研究对象,从公司绩效、股权结构的安排以及董事会治理三个方面,通过构建最小二乘模型进行多元线性回归,来研究公司内部治理机制对公司管理层报酬的影响。研究结果表明:公司绩效、国有股比例、董事会规模、两职兼任均对管理者报酬产生显著的影响。     

基于会计和治理信息的财务困境预测模型研究

本文以2005年上半年沪深两市中首次被ST的52家公司和52家非ST公司为研究对象，同时利用这些上市公司的会计信息和公司治理信息来构建财务困境预测模型。研究结果表明：（1）公司治理特征对公司陷入财务困境具有显著影响；（2）公司治理信息不能为财务信息所覆盖。一方面，说明公司治理结构对公司的财务安全具有重要影响，另一方面也说明今后在研究和构建财务困境预测模型时，不仅要考虑会计信息，还应考虑公司治理信息等，以构建出更为有效的预测模型。     

Corporate fraud culture: Re‐examining the corporate governance and performance relation

We analyse the corporate governance and performance relation, when conditioning on corporate fraud, for fraud firms during 2000 – 2007. Fraud firms are identified as either self‐ reported fraud events, or subject to regulatory investigation. We use the inverse Mills ratio procedure to account for firms' (unobservable) fraud culture in the dynamic system GMM model of the performance‐ governance relation. We find that corporate governance is an endogenously determined characteristic that has no causal impact on firm performance when conditioning on fraud. Fraud is a significant regulatory event but its overall economic impact at the firm level is highly variable.     

The impact of corporate governance on financial performance of Indian and GCC listed firms: An empirical investigation

Corporate governance plays a vital role in creating a corporate culture of consciousness, transparency, and openness. In this context, this paper provides a brief view about the background of corporate governance mechanisms in India and Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries, corporate legal system and monitoring policies laid down by Indian and GCC governments. Furthermore, it analyzes the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the financial performance of Indian and GCC listed firms. The study uses a sample that consists of 53 non-financial listed companies from India and 53 non-financial listed companies from GCC countries for the period 2009–2016. Results revealed that board accountability (BA) and audit committee (AC) have an insignificant impact on firms' performance measured by ROE and Tobin’s Q. Similarly, transparency and disclosure (TD) have an insignificant negative impact on firms' performance measured by Tobin’s Q. Moreover, the country dummy results show that Indian firms are performing better than Gulf countries ones in terms of corporate governance practices and financial performance. The current study is considered as a battery for further research and studies particularly in India & GCC listed firms in the context of corporate governance and financial performance.