Standards issues in data communications

The lack of development in standards and compatibility in the field of data communication and processing requires urgent attention. The author discusses the compatibility issues that arise from the introduction of packet-switching networks, which typify the growing interdependence of computer and communication technologies. Focusing on Canada as a case example, he examines issues relating to the compatibility between the communication services offered by different networks and communication functions used for distributed data processing, and also between the procedures employed to provide these services and functions.     

Generating new service ideas: the use of hybrid innovation tools to reflect functional heterogeneity of services

In many cases, new services are developed based on incremental innovation. Thus, how to identify functional characteristics and how to differentiate new service development are two critical questions. However, previous research has ignored the functional heterogeneity of service when using innovation tools for new service development. In response, we suggest a hybrid approach to differentiating the method of generating new service ideas. A Kano model is first employed to identify whether functional characteristics are core or peripheral, after which different methods are applied for each function. For core functions, a case‐based reasoning approach is used, which focuses on identifying similarity; for peripheral functions, we suggest instead a modified zigzagging approach to identify creative functions. To present the working of proposed approach, we conducted a case study using Appstore application, IreaditNow, and show how to generate alternatives for both core services and peripheral services.     

中国转型期生产性服务业发展与制造业竞争力关系研究——基于面板数据的实证分析

本文在中国特殊的情境中研究生产性服务业发展与制造业竞争力的关系．文章围绕如下关键点进行了探讨：在我国特殊的体制背景下，对于提升制造业竞争力而言．生产性服务业究竟在充当什么样的角色；在不同地区，生产性服务业所起的作用是否有差别；在当前阶段，不同生产性服务行业发挥的功能是否一样。文章通过理论分析和基于面板数据的实验检验得出的结论是：在我国经济转型期，发展生产性服务业有利于提升制造业的竞争力；东部地区生产性服务业发挥的作用最充分；金融保险业最能发挥提升制造业竞争力的功能．     

An experimentally confirmed resource planning model of services under production function uncertainties

The way in which service firms transform inputs into outputs is typically uncertain or unknown. Consequently decision makers, at best, can only make estimates of the underlying production function. The purpose of this study is to offer policy recommendations to service providers and to examine experimentally the sensitivity of estimates of production functions. The primary result of this study is a foundation for modeling manpower planning decisions for co-produced services when production functions are mis-estimated and/or mis-specified.     

Regulation and efficiency in transition: The case of telecommunications in Italy

In regulating the telecommunications industry, the separation between network and retail functions, which is designed to countervail the market power of incumbent operators, is a relevant issue. Despite its importance, little empirical research has addressed the effects of such a separation. Accordingly, this paper provides insights into the consequences of the Italian communications regulatory authority's (AgCom) decision to impose this type of separation on the incumbent telecommunications operator, Telecom Italia. In particular, the studied separation is between the firm's network-related functions, and those used for provision of its communication services. The present research finds that the type of separation implemented by AgCom allows a provider to maintain the advantages of operational scale in its network structure without dampening competition in the existing market for communications services. The study also offers further empirical evidence on the advantages of a composite vs. translog function in analyzing the multiproduct cost structure of a telecommunications operator.     

远程在线监测分时电能表的时钟超差问题研究

分析研究了分时电能表时钟超差问题产生的原因和由此带来的电量、电价、电费、服务等问题，介绍了电能信息采集系统中分时电能表的时钟校正功能、途径和效果。     

Voices from Northern Canada: Integrating stakeholder expectations in telecommunications policy for rural,remote and Northern regions

In Canada, residents of rural, remote and Northern communities generally pay more for slower, less reliable, and more expensive telecommunications services compared to southern and urban residents. This situation is particularly concentrated in small-population, rural Indigenous communities located in the Northern territories. Over the last several decades, many public policy initiatives have attempted to develop telecommunications services, including high-speed broadband, in these underserved areas. However, Northern input into these initiatives and their outcomes has been limited — despite increasing evidence of the benefits of place-based planning, monitoring and evaluation processes. In this context we examine a recent public consultation about telecommunication services in these regions, focusing on expectations submitted by individual Northerners and by intermediary organizations representing their interests. Our analysis reveals distinct but complementary functions expressed by these different kinds of intervenors, which we suggest policymakers could take into consideration when planning consultations involving rural and remote regions.     

Is your netflix a substitute for your telefunken? Evidence on the dynamics of traditional pay TV and OTT in Latin America

Are audiovisual over the top (OTT) services in Latin America substitutes for the traditional Pay TV services (cable or satellite), complementary or independent? To respond to this question, we develop a simple theoretical model based on a CES utility function and estimate simultaneously, using non-linear least squares, demand functions for both audiovisual services. Our results, based on original database covering 17 Latin American countries from 2011 to 2020, suggest no substitution of Pay TV for OTT. However, during the more recent period (2015–2020), we find evidence of gross substitution (i.e., similar enough, although not completely equivalent for consumers) between these audiovisual services. This confirms, although only partially, the existence of the so-called cord-cutting and cord-saving phenomena, due to the expansion of fast internet and the richer OTT offers, and their relatively lower prices. These results suggest regulators should include OTT services in their scope and produce in-depth analysis on the country level to update and optimize regulations, as well as implement regulatory sandboxes to advance towards smart regulation, as shown in the financial industry.     

浅谈物业管理品牌质量

分析了物业管理品牌质量的特点、作用及价值战略。指出,物业管理企业要创品牌质量,必须做到6点:科学的管理、优质的服务、高素质的人才、一流的业绩、独特的企业文化和良好的社会形象。     

Property rights and international investment in information technology services

Many modern information technology services are increasingly being produced in a host country to serve clients in an offshore location. As a result, the internationalization of service functions is beginning to resemble that of their more traditional manufacturing counterparts. This paper examines the role of formal and de facto property rights protection in the offshore location choice of information technology services. I also explore the role of a firm's global subsidiary network and its experience with similar property rights regimes. Using investment data based on 152 firms and their international information service investments between 2002–2006, the empirical results highlight the role of de facto property rights protection and related experience in location choice.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新型抽油设备研发与推广应用的启示

探讨了新型抽油设备在设计研发和试验推广过程中的诸多问题,包括适应性设计与选型、工况试验、设备的可靠性要求、辅助功能以及设备的售后服务等,并在设备研发和试验的标准化以及生产厂家售后服务管理体系的建设等方面提出一些建议。     

重塑中国特色医疗卫生事业中政府的职能——源于医疗卫生筹资结构的思考

中国医疗卫生事业改革和发展与每一位国民息息相关,政府的积极介入是每一位国民获得医疗卫生服务基本权利的根本保证。文章以中国市场化改革以来医疗卫生筹资结构演变的轨迹为研究对象,文中相关数据反映了政府履行医疗卫生责任强弱演变过程。事实上,政府干预医疗卫生领域的程度、财政负担的多少和社会福利的高低之间是存在一个合意区间的,能否在提高全社会满意度和福利的同时,使政府的干预和财力的支出逐步趋向合理,从而政府职能更多地转向培育和促进医疗卫生市场的发展,是本文的研究重点。     

Windows NT与Netware的互联技术

Microsoft公司的 Windows NT目前已成为用户建站的首选网络操作系统。而Novell公司的 Netware网络操作系统 ,至今仍具有极大的用户群体。笔者通过介绍Novell NFS提供的主要服务 :.NFS,.L PD,.FTPD,.XCONSOL 和 Windows NT操作系统提供 4种协议 :.TCP/ IP,.NWL ink,.Net BEUL I,.Data L ink Control,并对 Netware服务器、Windows NT服务器、NT客户端进行合理配置 ,成功地实现了这两种网络系统的互联 ,实现二者之间资源共享和相互通信。     

How disruptive is 5G?

The hypothesis is put forward that, after three decades of stability, there is now the prospect of significant change in the vertical and horizontal structure of the mobile market place. On the supply side, significant factors are, first, the availability of a new and very powerful form of mobile connectivity in the shape of 5G, and second, software defined networking, which allows a single network to provide a variety of heterogeneous services or ‘slices’. On the demand side, the digital transformation of the whole economy (and not just the communications sector) creates the need for diverse communications functions operating in a universe with a much wider set of digitally transformed services.Mobile operators will find themselves contesting customer relationship with firms or other organisations providing these services in an integrated fashion, and thus risk replacing their direct link with end users with becoming the wholesale supplier of an expanded but ‘commoditised’ communications product. We may also observe fewer radio access networks; more competitive backhaul; and the (partial) vertical disintegration of mobile network operators. The regulatory changes implied may include heavier regulation of fewer RANs, and the need for market analyses to confront situations in which network operators sell more and more of their services to a variety of heterogeneous content and application providers – some of them exercising substantial levels of market power.     

Mobile service innovation: A European failure

The continuing absence of innovation in Europe’s mobile services industry is identified and characterised here, with such examples as mobile Internet and mobile music. Innovation failure is a critical factor leading to a lack of high-income jobs, network effects, and price reductions for data services. Most mobile service innovations have been made in Japan in ‘clubs of operators’ with their suppliers. Apple USA followed the same model of control with its iPhone. Conversely, a lack of this critical type of competition characterises European operators. Revenues per citizen are in some countries similar to those in Japan, but with handsets with less functions. Europe and all other regions face the challenge of competing with Japanese and US innovators. The lessons to be learned are (1) becoming aware of the situation, (2) allocating spectrum that covers a sufficient population size to allow technological competition, and (3) developing a strong customer orientation.     

PROFIBUS-DP现场总线通信协议

以开放式系统互联模型ISO/OSI为参考,描述了PROFIBUS-DP现场总线通信协议的结构,包括物理层的数据传输介质与数据传输格式,数据链路层的数据报文与数据传输服务调用方法及可用的传输服务。介绍了PROFIBUS-DP通信协议芯片SPC3的结构特点和功能,给出了SPC3与单片机AT89S52的接口电路图和相关的软件流程图。     

全球价值链治理中的质量惯例

在全球价值链治理中,存在不同的协调模式.这些不同的协调模式的实现需要不同的质量惯例.领袖企业只有将它们的思维标准信息传递给它们的供应商,或者是将关于货物或服务的复杂的质量内容进行标准化、明示化或者是通过第三方认证等手段,领袖企业才能实现灵活性及其业务外包,领袖企业才能控制（驱动）整个价值链.对于发展中国家而言,只有积极参与质量标准的制定,才能在未来的竞争中处于有利的地位.     

基于本体和多代理的考试系统模型研究

将本体和多代理技术引入考试系统,建立了一个基于本体和多代理的新型考试系统模型。该考试系统采用3层结构模型,包括用户层、应用逻辑层和数据服务层,系统中的本体用来描述知识,实现知识共享和交换,各项功能及应用分别由代理及代理之间的协调、协作完成。该模型成功地应用于计算机基础课考试中,减少了工作量。     

分布式创新的组织模式：合作社区

文章分析了一种创新性计算机服务器技术的企业社区——刀片服务器行业组织Blade.org。它是拥有100多个企业成员的成功社区,从事各种形式的合作,以开发创新产品和服务,并扩大其市场覆盖范围。Blade.org是有意设计的企业社区,仿效个人社区的很多核心功能和进程。企业社区是新的组织形式,对持续创新具有理论和实践意义。