银证博弈第三方存管浮出水面

2006年5月至今的股市让沉寂多年“痛并等待快乐”的股民舒舒服服地喘了口气，随着股民累计数量的不断刷新，上升的想象空间也在不断放大。送走“熊”迎来“牛”的同时，一种新的银证业务模式——第三方存管，正在逐渐取代原有“银证通”业务，慢慢进入投资者的视线。时隔一年，证监会的“八月大限”日趋临近，记者走访了数家银行后发现，第三方存管模式已经在各商业银行悄然铺开。     

华泰证券第三方存管客户营销案例

近年来,随着证券市场的不断升温,常州地区的证券投资者队伍不断扩大,截至2007年6月．股民开户数已达35万户。其中单个证券营业部中规模最大的华泰证券常州和平南路营业部股民总开户数达8万户,有效活动户达5万户。但该券商与农业银行常州分行发生银证业务往来的客户只有500余户,农行客户占有率仅为1％。随着第三方存管业务的强制推行,如何最大程度地营销华泰证券第三方存管客户．已成为摆在常州农行面前的一个重要课题。     

券商理财及三方存管新政对银行业务的影响

一、三方存管业务发展分析(一)三方存管历史演进证券投资第三方存管是从2007年3月26日起正式开始运行的。按照当时证监会的要求,到2007年8月,A股证券账户已全面实现三方存管覆盖。在此之前,证券投资账户的资金存管模式还先后经历了银证通模式、银证转账等(见图1)。     

逆势而上 强势营销——宣城分行圆满完成第三方存管业务营销计划

2007年6月中旬,省分行在全省范围全面启动第三方存管业务,宣城分行紧紧围绕省分行工作部署,认真贯彻落实省分行有关会议精神和第三方存管业务工作要求,统一认识、强化考核、全员营销,不断深化银证合作、突出效益、抢抓有效客户,第三方存管业务获得了快速发展。截至12月底,全行第三方存管业务累计新增开户数5664户,圆满完成省行下达的年度营销计划,完成率108．3％;七月份以来,该行第三方存款业务在宣城市增量份额占比达到60％,高居第一。     

第三方存管模式下证券交易奖金结算问题探析

证券公司客户交易结算资金第三方存管（以下简称“第三方存管”）是为落实《证券法》和有关监管要求而在证券全行业限时实施的一项客户交易结算资金管理制度的改革。根据新修订《证券法》关于客户交易结算资金应存放在商业银行．以每个客户的名义单独管理的有关规定,证监会自2006年以来开始稳步推进第三方存管业务,并于2007年底在全行业实施。实施第三方存管后,现行的客户证券交易操作方式并不会发生改变,但客户证券交易结算资金的存取管理方式、券商的资金清算路径均发生了较大变化。本文通过详细介绍第三方存管模式下的证券交易结算流程,分析了第三方存管业务实施后证券交易资金结算的影响。并提出了有针对性的对策建议。     

内蒙古地区证券交易结算资金第三方存管业务存在的问题与建议

内容提要：证券公司客户结算资金第三方存管制度实施以来,在防范证券公司挪用客户资金、保护投资者利益方面发挥了非常重要的作用,本文在对内蒙古法人证券公司调研的基础上,从证券公司客户结算资金第三方存管制度一定程度上影响证券公司业务创新和发展方面,提出了见解。     

非现场开户时代如何拓展第三方存管业务

2013年3月25日,中国证券登记结算公司发布了《证券账户非现场开户实施暂行办法》。《证券账户非现场开户实施暂行办法》规定了投资者可选择非现场方式申请开立证券账户。至此,中国证券业迎来了非现场开户时代。非现场开户包括了见证开户及网上开户两种方式。在非现场开户的两种方式中,见证开户因可有银行工作人员参与其中,而成为银行在新时期发展第三方存管业务的主要形式;见证开户也是券商主推的非现场开户模式。因此,本文主要针对见证开户环境下,阐述如何拓展第三方存管业务。     

天长支行第三方存管业务位居同业之首

自8月份全面开展第三方存管业务以来,天长支行高度重视这项工作,把拓展第三方存管业务作为主要工作来抓,第三方存管业务取得了明显的成效。截止11月8日,该行已营销第三方存管业务550户,占当地市场份额的70%,完成营销计划的65%。该行的主要做法是：     

庐江县支行营销第三方存管成绩卓著

在激烈的同业竞争形势下,庐江县农行加强营销,完善服务,营销第三方存管取得喜人的成绩。截止2007年12月21日,该行共营销第三方存管业务客户1202户,其中华安证券570户、国元证券197户、海通证券435户,在县域范围内一马当先,名列前茅。     

证券交易保证金第三方存管的几个重要问题

我国证券清算制度,经过十几年一系列的改革,最终以监管部门主推交易保证金第三方存管制度为发端,当前已初具规范化管理的模式。证券公司大量挪用客户交易结算资金所形成的巨额资金缺口导致了2002年以来的诸多券商倒闭和央行发放了共计数百亿元再贷款对个人债权进行收购。以此为导火线引发了监管层对证券市场的一轮综合治理,而首当其冲的就是客户交易结算资金存管制度改革。本文以2005年证券法修订所确立的客户交易结算资金第三方存管制度为核心,阐述当前第三方存管制度的某些缺陷,并简要分析如何完善客户交易结算资金存管制度,达到防范券商挪用行为、保障客户交易结算资金安全的目的。     

This Time Is the Same: Using Bank Performance in 1998 to Explain Bank Performance during the Recent Financial Crisis

Are some banks prone to perform poorly during crises? If yes, why? In this paper, we show that a bank's stock return performance during the 1998 crisis predicts its stock return performance and probability of failure during the recent financial crisis. This effect is economically large. Our findings are consistent with persistence in a bank's risk culture and/or aspects of its business model that make its performance sensitive to crises. Banks that relied more on short‐term funding, had more leverage, and grew more are more likely to be banks that performed poorly in both crises.     

The Origins of the German Corporation - Finance, Ownership and Control

The ownership of German corporations is quite different today from that of Anglo-American firms. How did this come about? To what extent is it attributable to regulation? A specially constructed data set on financing and ownership of German corporations from the end of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century reveals that, as in the UK, there was a high degree of activity on German stock markets with firms issuing equity in preference to borrowing from banks, and insider and family ownership declining rapidly. However, unlike in the UK, other companies and banks emerged as the main holders of equity, with banks holding shares primarily as custodians of other investors rather than on their own account. The changing pattern of ownership concentration was therefore very different from that of the UK with regulation reinforcing the control that banks exercised on behalf of other investors.     

The Effect of Bank Debt Downgrades on Stock Prices of Other Banks

We find that debt downgrades of money center banks elicit negative stock price responses in nondowngraded money center banks. Stock prices of larger regional banks also react to these downgrades. Although downgrades of regional banks evoke negative stock price responses for regional banks in the same geographic region, the importance of geographic region as a factor determining the extent of intra‐industry reactions has diminished since 1989. Our results indicate that the merger and expansion activities triggered by interstate banking have blurred differences between regional and money center banks as interstate banking activity has moved towards nationwide banking     

金融创新、公允价值计量与商业银行股票崩盘风险

选取我国沪深两市A股上市商业银行作为研究对象,利用2007—2017年年报数据,实证研究金融创新对商业银行股票崩盘风险的影响。在此基础上,以公允价值计量作为中介变量研究其在金融创新对商业银行股票崩盘风险影响中的作用机理。研究发现：金融创新与商业银行股票崩盘风险负相关,公允价值计量在其中发挥部分中介效应的同时也增加了商业银行股票崩盘风险。在当前鼓励创新和防范化解重大金融风险的背景下,应当大力提倡金融创新,通过公司治理和内部控制来规范公允价值计量的使用。     

Impact of the TARP financing choice on existing preferred stock

The October 14, 2008 TARP program mandated a forced issuance of TARP preferred stock by the largest U.S. banks. Soon after, many smaller banks were not forced but chose to issue TARP preferred stock after being approved for issuance. We investigate the impact of TARP preferred issuance upon bonds, preferred stock, and common stock. In particular, we focus upon two different types of outstanding preferred stock. These two different types of preferred stock are (1) trust preferred stock, which is senior to TARP preferred stock, and (2) non-trust preferred stock, which has equal claim to TARP preferred stock. We present competing theories for expecting that trust preferred should enjoy greater or lesser returns relative to non-trust. Consistent with the priority rule theory, but inconsistent with the default theory, we find that trust preferred enjoyed greater benefits from TARP issuance than did non-trust preferred for both forced and non-forced banks on the October 14 TARP announcement date. In contrast, there is no clear priority rule effect on the approval dates for non-forced banks.     

The Skill Profile of Central Bankers and Supervisors

Using a new database covering some 91 supervisory agencies, this paper examines how important various skilled experts are in the supervisory process and the relative usage of different kinds of such experts. We seek to explore what kind of perspective supervisors in different institutional settings may adopt: a macro-oriented perspective or a more micro-approach? The answer to this question is relevant, as there is evidence that many financial crises have been macro-induced.It is found that central banks employ more economists and fewer lawyers in their supervisory/financial stability wing than non-centralbank supervisory agencies. This result would indicate that an institutional setting with direct or indirect central bank involvement is more likely to produce a macro-approach. Next, there are significant economies of scale in financial supervision, though this can be measured by several alternative variables (e.g., the relative scale of bank intermediation). Finally, there do not appear to be major economies of scope. A more complex financial system with a well-developed stock market would need both more supervisors as well as more skilled ones.     

德国全能银行制度及其对我国的启示

德国全能银行制度具有业务领域充分多元化、通过股权投资形成业务网络、广泛的集团外部相互持股以及全能银行是证券市场的主体等特点。德国全能银行的优势主要体现在经济范围优势、资金优势、成本优势、网络优势以及抗风险优势等方面;其潜在风险因素包括道德风险、投机风险以及传导风险。德国金融监管制度是德国全能银行制度得以顺利实行的根本保障。我国银行业实行全能银行制具有必要性和可行性,发展全能银行是我国商业银行的必然选择。     

The Financial and Economic Lessons of Italy's Privatization Program

Since 1994 the Italian government has sold equity stakes in some 75 large state enterprises, in the process raising over $125 billion‐more than any other country during the same period. In this article, a U.S. academic collaborates with the Italian government's Director of Privatization in summarizing the accomplishments and disappointments of Italy's privatization program, assessing its impact on Italian capital markets, and offering lessons for other countries embarking on new privatization programs. The article also describes the share issuance methods used by the government to execute several massive offerings, including the largest IPO in history. The principal benefits of Italian privatization have been dramatic increases in the size and efficiency of Italy's stock markets and in the safety and stability of its banking system. Despite such improvements, however, privatization has failed to bring about the increased competition in key industries and lower prices for consumers its planners originally envisioned. And based on this experience, the authors offer a number of lessons for government planners. Perhaps most important, privatization is likely to yield decisive benefits only if the divestment program is properly designed and sequenced. Governments should begin by privatizing state‐owned banks and other financial institutions, and as quickly as economically and politically feasible. Especially in less developed economies, commercial banks are for many companies both the only suppliers of credit and the only effective source of market discipline‐which explains why results have often been disastrous when governments have retained control of banks while privatizing other industries. Privatizing governments should also emphasize privatizations accomplished through share issuances rather than asset sales, with the aim of developing liquid and efficient stock markets and promoting effective corporate governance.     

The financial conglomerate discount: Insights from stock return skewness

Diversified banks (i.e. financial conglomerates) trade often at a discount compared to matched portfolios of specialized stand-alone banks. The existing research explains this evidence primarily with inefficiencies in the cash flow management of banks. This article analyzes the financial conglomerate discount by focusing on the role of expected returns approximated by measures of stock return skewness. Our empirical findings support the hypothesis that diversified banks have less skewed stock returns, i.e. they are more likely to perform badly than non-diversified banks. Due to the lower skewness exposure investors demand higher future returns, thereby lowering corporate value. Although the conglomerate puzzle is observed across industries, the previous literature examines banks separately, as the financial industry is hardly comparable to other sectors. We follow this field of research and show that huge banks quote at a discount as diversification into investment banking activities affects negatively the corporate performance.     

The asymmetric effect of international swap lines on banks in emerging markets

This paper investigates the effect of international swap lines on stock returns using data from banks in emerging markets. The analysis first shows that swap lines by the Swiss National Bank (SNB) had a positive impact on bank stocks in Central and Eastern Europe. It then highlights the importance of individual bank characteristics in identifying the asymmetric effect of swap lines on bank stocks. Bank-level evidence suggests that stock prices of local and less-well capitalized banks as well as banks with high foreign currency exposures and high reliance on short-term funding responded more strongly to SNB swap lines. This new evidence is consistent with the view that swap lines not only enhanced market liquidity but also reduced risks associated with micro-prudential issues.