过度自信、后悔厌恶与收益率分布非正态特征

过度自信与后悔厌恶是投资者普遍存在的两种心理偏差.通过过度自信与后悔厌恶对证券市场收益率分布的影响的定性分析可知:这两种心理偏差会造成证券市场收益率分布左偏,而且与正态分布相比较存在失峰厚尾现象;特别是随着时间单位的增大,收益率分布的尖峰厚尾呈递减的趋势.利用深圳成分指数和上海综合指数进行的实证研究发现,中国股票市场的收益率分布存在上述现象.     

建立中小投资者权益保障机制

证券市场中的投资者包括机构投资者和中小投资者。中小投资者权益保护事关证券市场发展，成熟市场都有一整套保护中小股东利益的政策和措施，目前我国证券市场最为突出的问题是投资者权益受到侵犯，笔者认为，以制度创新推动上市公司与证券市场规范发展，尽快构建我国投资者权益保护的法律框架，设立证券市场投资者权益保障中心，提高证券市场监管效率，加大对违规行为的惩治力度，教育投资者，增强维权意识应是构建我国中小投资者权益保障机制之关键。     

上证综合指数波动研究——基于ARCH模型

证券市场的波动性与证券市场的不确定性及风险紧密相连;同时波动率也是套利定价模型、资本资产定价模型的核心变量。探索证券市场波动特征是市场投资者和理论研究者主要关心的问题之一。为了更好帮助正确认识我国证券市场的波动特征,有效规避市场风险,本文在借鉴国内外诸多研究成果的基础上,通过对我国上证综指的日收益率波动性的实证研究,来检验我国证券市场的波动特征并探索其产生的影响。通过陈述本文的研究背景、方法及目的,介绍本文研究思路和框架。再对2000年1月1日到2015年8月1日期间3768个上证指数日收盘价样本做ARCH效应分析和检验,得出上证指数收益率可以使用ARCH模型的结论。从而观察到上证指数日收益率序列具有聚类特征、尖峰厚尾和长记忆的特征。     

南京高科喜生忧

作为有名的投资大户，南京高科虽然在证券市场上获益颇丰，但由于其对限售股权的处理，使得管理层喜中生忧，一是导致净资产收益率下滑，二是股权融资受到消极影响。不过，伴新准则而生的诸多功课，不仅仅属于南京高科的CFO，更摆在其他上市公司、政策的制定者、监管者以及投资者面前。     

基于小波CCC-GARCH模型的融资融券交易与证券市场波动率关系研究

以2010年4月2日～2016年7月21日的中国证券市场交易数据为样本,运用小波CCC-GARCH模型,考量融资融券交易对证券市场波动率的影响.结果表明,融资交易行为对证券市场收益率和成交量的波动均有较显著的影响,而融券交易对市场波动率的影响不显著.同时,融资交易行为对市场的影响主要由高频信号所驱动,投资者短期非理性行为或噪音交易对市场波动的影响较大.为促进市场的健康发展,应均衡融资融券业务的发展,培养理性机构投资者,加强投资者风险警示加快融资融券数据库的建设.     

基于GARCH模型的VaR方法在证券投资决策中的应用

由于股票市场的收益率具有尖峰厚尾及波动聚集的特性,使得对收益率的分析不能采用一般的方法,可以利用GARCH模型中的条件方差来度量其VaR,以此来消除股票日收益率的ARCH效应。将GARCH模型应用于我国证券市场中股票日收益率风险波动的计量,以民生银行和华夏银行为例,根据预测到的VaR值来计量股票风险波动的大小,从而得到同一行业中的哪只股票更有投资价值,为投资者提供正确的投资决策。     

沪深股票市场历次投资主线的生命周期实证研究

国内外的许多学者对股票指数的收益率组成的时间序列进行研究发现，无论是中国的股票市场还是发达国家的成熟证券市场，其指数波动呈现一定的周期性。所不同的是，周期长度不同，例如，美国股票市场平均循环周期比我国股市要长很多。本文用实证分析的方法探讨了中国证券市场的指数波动循环周期中的上涨周期，实证结果表明在每一次循环周期中，其投资主线的上涨周期平均时间为17个月，这对投资者的实际操作有重要的参考价值。     

我国主板、创业板市场投资者羊群行为实证研究

本文采用了个股收益率的分散度测度方法和回归方法,对我国主板和创业板市场投资者羊群行为进行了实证检验和比较分析.通过检验发现我国创业板投资者羊群行为弱于主板投资者;主扳投资者在市场下挫时有明显的羊群行为,创业板投资者在市场上涨时有明显的羊群行为.该现象是由我国主板市场历史沿革、创业板上市公司特点、创业板投资者结构等因素造成的.本文在此基础上提出了相关政策建议,对我国证券市场投资者投资者教育有一定的借鉴意义.     

我国主板、创业板市场投资者羊群行为实证研究

本文采用了个股收益率的分散度测度方法和回归方法,对我国主板和创业板市场投资者羊群行为进行了实证检验和比较分析。通过检验发现我国创业板投资者羊群行为弱于主板投资者;主板投资者在市场下挫时有明显的羊群行为,创业板投资者在市场上涨时有明显的羊群行为。该现象是由我国主板市场历史沿革、创业板上市公司特点、创业板投资者结构等因素造成的。本文在此基础上提出了相关政策建议,对我国证券市场投资者投资者教育有一定的借鉴意义。     

上证综指收益率的影响因素分析

在我国证券市场上,上证综合指数是衡量股市动态的最基本也是最重要的指标.对这一指数及其收益率进行分析,有利于投资者更加了解股票市场的动态,掌握其发展趋势。本文选取2005年1月至2015年9月期间的月度数据为样本,以上证综合指数收益率为因变量,宏观经济中的主要影响因素为自变量,运用Eviews对各种因素影响上证综指收益率的方向和程度进行实证研究。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.