我国中小企业融资结构失衡问题分新及对策

中小企业是拉动我国经济持续增长的重要力量,但融资难问题一直制约着中小企业的长远发展,这与其在国民经济中的地位极不相称。本文对中小企业融资结构失衡进行特征描述和理论分析,并细分初创期和成长期的中小企业,揭示现有的融资结构缺陷,进而提出完善融资结构的对策思路。     

我国中小企业融资与我国批准创业板股票上市理论研究

我国批准创业板股票上市对解决我国中小企业融资难的问题有深远的战略意义。本文以融资结构理论为主线,围绕中小企业融资问题,从中小企业融资面临的内外部融资环境展开研究,重视对中小企业融资的结构细分,同时在分析如何构建中小企业融资支持体系时,始终以中小企业的内生性特征作为分析前提。重点研究了主要国家和地区关于中小企业界定的标准、中小企业融资的区域性差别、中小企业组织形式与融资模式的选择、中小企业融资与资本市场层级结构、中小企业融资与银行及信用担保体建设等问题。     

中小企业融资方式对融资效率的影响分析

中小企业融资难的问题从深层次角度考虑是融资效率问题,即中小企业无法根据企业自身的资产结构、盈利能力和风险调整融资方式、融资结构。我国企业在融资方面的选择越来越多,如何利用有利的融资方式促进企业的发展成为任何一家企业不容忽视的理财问题。本文首先对常用的融资方式等相关理论进行了阐述,从融资成本、资金到位率、资金使用的自由度、融资风险等方面对中小企业融资方式对融资效率的影响进行分析,提出了一系列优化我国中小企业融资方式和融资效率的合理化建议。     

希法亭的企业融资方式理论及其对我国的启示

在市场经济条件下,融资方式的选择与合理融资结构的确立对于企业的长远发展至关重要。本文力图从希法亭在其《金融资本》一书中所阐述的企业融资方式理论出发,探究我国企业尤其是中小企业选择融资方式和确立合理融资结构的有效策略。     

银行市场竞争结构、信息生产和中小企业融资

本文试图在银行信息生产的理论框架下研究我国银行市场结构以及竞争变化对中小企业融资效率的影响,解释中小银行金融资源对信息不透明的中小企业融资的重要性,提出构建银行业合理市场结构,在长期内通过促进中小银行市场发展突破中小企业融资困境,在短期内通过引导大银行市场合理竞争改善中小企业融资效率。     

内源融资能力、资本结构对信贷融资成本的影响--基于中小企业的实证研究

论文以中小上市企业自身内源融资能力、资本结构因素为观察点,以中小上市企业信贷融资成本为研究对象,选择2007-2013年共7年的深市中小板55家上市公司作为研究样本,实证分析了中小企业内源融资能力、资本结构对中小企业信贷融资成本的影响。结果显示中小企业的内源融资能力越强,资本结构对债务融资的依赖性越弱,中小企业的信贷融资成本越低。因此中小企业应提高自身的内源融资能力,优化资本结构,从而降低自身信贷融资成本。     

基于四维度综合评价体系的中小企业融资绩效研究——融资难度、资金成本、时间效率和民间融资

破解中小企业融资困境与融资绩效低下问题一直是学术界、政府部门和企业界所关注的重点问题。基于融资难度、资金成本、时间效率和企业因为银行贷款支持不足而采用民间融资方式进行融资补偿的程度等四个评价维度对中小企业融资绩效进行综合定义和考量,利用对西部地区中小企业实地问卷调研所得数据,对中小企业融资绩效提升问题进行研究。研究发现,除了传统的企业基本状况、财务状况和抵押担保因素外,政府的政策支持、银企关系、企业的供应链、企业管理层结构等因素也对中小企业融资绩效具有关键影响。     

基于融资机理视角的中小企业融资策略探讨——以唐山市为例

如何破解中小企业融资难是一个世界性的难题。据《中国中小企业信心指数报告(2014年12月)》数据显示,信用指数放缓至54.0,表明中小企业信用状况尚无改善迹象;小企业融资和银行融资成本指数分别升至47.6和49.0,表明中小企业面临的融资"难"与"贵"的情况并未明显改善。本文以唐山市为例,结合中小企业融资机理,以融资机制与融资结构关系为切入点,研究如何应对中小企业融资,提出完善中小企业融资机制,拓展中小企业融资渠道,实现融资结构优化的路径。     

对乡宁县中小企业融资结构及融资制度的调查与思考

本文以乡宁县为实证,采用问卷调查的形式,完全剔除对中小企业融资产生影响的其他因素,专门从融资结构和融资机制层面上对中小企业融资难问题进行审视和实证分析,进而提出了通过对融资机制的改造以实现中小企业融资结构优化的路径选择。     

中小企业融资的经济分析：非公开融资的作用

非公开融资与公开融资对企业信息透明度、经营稳定性及治理结构的要求不同.非公开融资是中小企业融资方式的形式特征,在这一形式背后,则是反映其实质的关系融资.本文提出了完善我国中小企业融资体系的现实选择.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.