资产评估结果的会计处理

资产评估结果的会计处理大连北方会计公司林英士，李颖，张秀荣，许应花资产评估为资产计价提供了一个科学的价值尺度。对于评估结果如何进行会计处理，我国目前有关法规、制度还未完全予以规范化，本文拟就此作些分析探讨。资产评估结果是否要作帐务处理，要依据资产评估...     

试论资产评估增值的所得税会计处理

按照历史成本原则,企业的资产应按取得时发生的实际成本入帐,一般不得随意调整。但是,在一些特殊情况下,特别是在发生产权变动的情况下,资产必须按照评估确认的公允价值入帐。如果税法亦承认这一新的资产计价基础,不会产生会计利润与应税利润的分离,也不会带来任何新的会计处理问题。如不承认这一计价基础,由此导致了会计利润与应税利润的分离,带来了资产评估增值（或减值）的所得税会计处理问题。本文试按我国有关税法规定谈谈资产评估增值的所得税会计处理。一、利用实物资产或无形资产对外投资发生的资产评估增值的所得税会计处…     

资产评估增值的会计和所得税处理

随着经济体制改革的不断深化,资产评估工作作为改革过程中的重要环节,越来越多地被社会各界所关注.人们不但关注评估的过程是否合规、评估价值是否合理,还关注资产评估所引起的其他一系列问题,如资产评估增值的会计处理与税赋处理.     

会计与资产评估对公允价值运用的区别

一、应用目的不同 尽管会计和资产评估的研究对象都涉及到资产,但传统的会计是在会计主体持续经营的基本前提下,以资产的确认、计量和报告为基本手段,连续、系统地反映和监督企业的财务状况、经营成果和现金流量的一种社会活动,是企业组织管理中的一个重要组成部分。会计中的公允价值只是会计资产计量中的一种计价属性或标准,主要是对会计主体经济活动的反映和监督,为企业管理服务。     

资产评估中的数据管理问题

在如今这个信息时代,数据处理和数据精度至关重要,评估行业也不例外。评估师每天要靠大量数据来进行决策,数据中的微小错误都可能对据其做出的决策产生重要影响。用欺骗性的会计方法得到的虚假数据会误导数据使用者做出错误的资产价值判断,进而危害评估公司的声誉及盈亏。因此,评估公司需要对数据进行全面和有效管理,以控制各种信息风险,保护信息不会丢失、不会被破坏和被无意泄露,以更好地为公司的经营目标服务。     

国际银行业叹路

全球千家银行新排队 面对世界经济恢复的艰难,主要国家或区域经济复苏与恢复缓慢,加之公司企业前景暗淡,大公司企业假账和违规行为不断表露,不仅进一步加大了银行改革发展的阻力,而且使银行规模效益面临压力与挑战.     

浅析准则变化对资产评估业务开拓的影响

2008年后，我国新会计准则的实施范围扩大到了所有的中央国有企业。2008年7月1日后，资产评估准则中的7项新准则也正式实施。会计准则与评估准则的更新与我们的资产评估工作关系密切。本文将从开拓市场的需求出发，探讨准则中的几项重要变化对我们业务的影响。     

Accounting for Risk and Return in Equity Valuation

Standard valuation models forecast cash flows or earnings, add a growth rate, and discount the cash flows to their present value with a discount rate that typically reflects the cost of capital. But as the author argues, projecting the long‐term growth rate is essentially speculative; and along with uncertainty about the growth rate, analysts generally do not have a good grasp of the discount rate either. Thus, instead of reducing uncertainty, these two features effectively compound uncertainty in valuations in the sense that slight changes in the growth rate or discount rate can change the valuation considerably. In this article, the author proposes an alternative approach that views the investor's problem as one of challenging the speculations that are built into the current market price, particularly the speculation about growth. Rather than building in a speculative growth rate (and thereby treating it as if it were a certainty), the author's approach turns the problem on its head by using an accounting analysis of the firm's current earnings and cash flows that provides a basis for recognizing the speculative component of the current stock price. More specifically, the author's analysis identifies the future earnings growth path that is implied by the market price, which can then be evaluated with the question: Do I want to pay for this growth? Because growth expectations are risky, additional analysis can be used to provide an understanding of the risk and return to buying growth, and of the upside and downside if risk growth expectations are not realized. By taking such an approach, investors incorporate their understanding of risk not by increasing the discount rate, but by recognizing that the primary risk in investing is the risk of overpaying for growth.     

会计信息复杂性与财务估价修正

会计信息的复杂性正日渐遮蔽投资者原本清亮的目光和对经济事实真正的呈现与表达。本文首先检视了会计信息复杂性的各种表现 ,分析其成因 ;然后收集会计信息复杂性对公司价值产生负面影响的实证证据 ,进而提供了对财务估价模型进行修正的解决思路 ;最后 ,给出降低会计信息复杂性的若干建议。     

美国对会计事务所的价值评估

文章介绍了美国一个会计事务所的价值评估案例,此案例采用收益法、资产基础法及市场法三种评估方法分别对某一会计事务所所有者权益进行了评估,最后综合三种方法的评估结果,得出最终的评估结论.此案例对于我国智力型企业的价值评估很有借鉴意义.     

Valuation and Accounting for Inflation and Foreign Exchange

Inflation and foreign exchange raise new issues with respect to accounting representations of equity value. For example, inflation creates an earnings illusion as an artifact of the mismatching of expenses based on allocations of historical costs with current revenues in determining earnings. This mismatching distorts mappings of aggregate earnings and book values into equity value such that value‐relevant information is lost. In this article we consider the consequences of inflation and foreign exchange accounting policies, including those contained in accounting standards, on the value relevance of bottom‐line accounting numbers. Policies are identified that achieve efficient accounting in the sense that aggregate (comprehensive) earnings and book values are sufficient for an accounting representation of equity value. The linear relations that emerge provide predictions on capitalization coefficients that help explain results of empirical inquiries. As well, our analysis provides a theoretical foundation for policies contained in accounting standards that contributes to the resolution of controversies such as that concerning foreign exchange accounting.     

Accounting and Valuation: How Helpful Are Recent Accounting Rule Changes?

The longstanding debate over the proper definition of “earnings”—whether investors when setting stock prices focus primarily on GAAP earnings or other measures like operating cash flow—is both misguided and theoretically unresolvable. The biggest problem faced by investors in evaluating earnings reports is not their inability to understand the effects of the different accounting methods companies use when aggregating accounting line items into reported net income. More challenging, and more critical to the investment process, is getting complete and reliable information about the line items themselves. The authors' underlying premise is that investors, when provided sufficient information about these “components” of earnings, can combine or reconfigure them in whatever way they find most useful. But without sufficient and reliable information about the individual line items, investors will find it difficult to understand how earnings are generated and thus to produce the forecast of future earnings necessary to value a company. In the past few years, there have been significant rule changes in accounting for employee options, derivatives, and special purposes entities. The authors evaluate the extent to which the new rules encourage disclosures that are helpful from a valuation perspective. Although there has been some progress, financial reporting in each of the three areas continues to fall well short of providing the complete, disaggregated data required to value a firm with confidence.     

Earnings Components,Accounting Bias and Equity Valuation

In this paper we address three issues in accounting-based equity valuation: (i) How are valuation parameters related to earnings persistence and accounting conservatism when earnings components aggregate, or “add up”, in valuation? (ii) What does aggregation of earnings components in valuation imply for abnormal earnings dynamics? and (iii) When is an earnings component “irrelevant” and “core”?earnings the relevant construct for valuation? Assuming linear valuation, no-arbitrage, dividend irrelevance and clean surplus accounting, we show that when earnings components aggregate, valuation expressions and abnormal earnings dynamics are generalizations of the Ohlson (1995) model, incorporating simple adjustments for accounting conservatism. When “core” earnings are the relevant earnings construct, valuation expressions closely resemble the aggregation case, but core (abnormal) earnings replaces clean surplus (abnormal) earnings. We demonstrate that an earnings component can be irrelevant in valuation even when it is predictable.