Towards risk-aware roadmapping: Influencing factors and practical measures

In spite of the significance of uncertainty and risk in strategy, there is still a general lack of attention to their explicit consideration in strategic planning processes. This lack of attention is also obvious in roadmapping in its application to strategic and innovation planning. This paper introduces and explores the concept of risk-aware roadmapping, which explicitly manages uncertainty and risk in roadmapping, and sheds light on what such a process will entail given the factors that influence it. The study adopts a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews with roadmapping experts and case studies of roadmapping exercises. This paper contributes to knowledge by providing a process that adds three significant steps to the standard risk management process, to suit roadmapping and strategic front-end innovation planning and identifying the risk of missing valuable innovation opportunities, which is very often overlooked in practice. Theoretical implications for organisational sensemaking are identified especially in the use and management of constraints for sensemaking activities such as innovation planning.     

Learning and relationship orientation: an empirical examination in European museums

• The purpose of this paper is to assess the interrelations between learning orientation, innovation strategy, relationship orientation and economic and social performance in the management of cultural organizations such as museums. We first provide a review of the literature addressing the main constructs involved in the research: learning orientation, innovation, relationship orientation and performance, and we detail the model's hypotheses reflecting the interrelations amongst the proposed variables. Building on extensive literature, a model is developed and empirically tested using survey data collected from 491 European museums in Spain, France, Italy and the UK. Data are analysed through structural equation modelling. In the present study, evidence is found to support the positive and significant link between learning orientation and internal (organizational innovation) as well as external (relationship orientation) changes in museums. Further, we find that organizational innovation and relationship orientation aid the introduction of greater technological developments in these organizations. We also find evidence to support the idea that learning orientation, innovation strategy and relationship orientation impact the economic and social performance of museums. Findings clearly show that achieving organizational objectives through learning processes necessarily entails the introduction of internal changes—innovation—and external relationships—relationship orientation.

Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

How can organizations use wikis for innovation?

Wikis were first developed over 15 years ago. Research has shown that organizational or corporate wikis are sustainable and can be beneficial to organizations particularly in improving work processes, collaboration and knowledge management. However, there has been little research done to show how organizations can use wikis to support innovation processes. To bridge this gap, this paper explores how wikis can be used in different stages of innovation. We review existing literature as well as analyze case studies of wikis deployed in four organizations in order to highlight how wikis can be used to address challenges of knowledge management and collaboration in different stages of innovation from idea generation to commercialization. In particular, we propose a model that explains how wikis require a clear purpose for their use, a culture of collaboration, and integration within a formal innovation process.     

Individual adoption of HR analytics: a fine grained view of the early stages leading to adoption

Abstract

High performing organizations are using analytics for evidence-based decision-making. However, the human resource (HR) function in many organizations has been slow to adopt this innovation. This study applies innovation theory, informed by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), to examine the individual’s decision to adopt HR Analytics in an effort to identify why the adoption rate is lagging. We examined early stages of the individual decision process beginning from Stage 1 (knowledge) and leading to Stage 3, (the decision) to adopt or not to adopt the innovation. We found several points in the process that can act as barriers or facilitators. Organizations and champions of this innovation wishing to facilitate HR analytics adoption can take action to remove as many of these barriers to the individual’s decision as possible. Further research should focus on the best way to remove these barriers.     

A Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Innovation from 1998 to 2016

Digital technologies are ubiquitous in our everyday lives. They have been widely embedded into the core processes of services and products, as well as into the operations of many organizations. These digital technologies bring many changes to our work and lifestyles, to the organization of companies, and even to the structures of whole industries. Thus, digital innovation is a research hotspot. This study investigates the development of digital innovation research using a bibliometric method with visual mapping. The status of digital innovation research is analyzed through citation analysis. Influential references, authors, and top-tier journals are identified. The literature’s intellectual structure is mapped through co-word analysis. In addition, co-citation network analysis is used to describe the evolution of digital innovation research, and cluster analysis of the main research stream is conducted. Several research topics addressed by recent papers are also discussed. Finally, cross-country comparisons reveal that the US is currently taking the leading role and that China is a newcomer with potential contributions to make in this research area.     

Strategic entrepreneurship: Content,process, context,and outcomes

Strategic entrepreneurship (SE) is typically defined as organizationally consequential innovations within existing firms that involve the combination/integration of opportunity- and advantage-seeking behaviors. Focused on the transformation of organizations through innovation, SE is a construct that has generated much practitioner and scholarly interest in the preceding decades. Building upon the many contributions already observed on the topic, this paper aims to identify current limitations and central research issues of SE. Borrowing a framework from the change management literature, I diagnose current conceptualizations of SE and promote future research through careful consideration of the content, process, context, and relevant outcomes of SE. Examination of the extant literature would suggest there is still ample room for scholars to contribute to properly defining SE, understanding exactly how SE is manifest in organizations, uncovering relevant and opportune internal and external environments for SE to pervade, and identifying pertinent consequences and results from successful SE.     

基于破坏性创新的中国轿车企业发展战略研究

破坏性创新作为一种新的战略管理和创新管理理论,为新进企业发挥后发优势,有效攻击和侵入在位企业市场从而颠覆在位者提供了一种新的发展思路。中国轿车企业作为汽车市场的新进入者,应当积极实施破坏性创新战略,并通过市场需求分析、技术研发和资源整合等方式不断提高自身的破坏能力,从而获取更多的市场竞争优势和战略利益。     

供应链管理:营销渠道的整合与企业管理创新

供应链管理是基于信息技术革命和知识经济基础之上的企业发展新战略,是企业管理的创新。供应链管理是营销渠道的整合 ,促进了产销一体化 ,奠定了企业经营方式从大规模生产向大规模定制转变的基础。供应链管理整合业务流程 ,扩散和移植了企业的核心竞争力 ,形成企业关系能力 ,提高了企业的社会资本。我国企业必须转变管理观念 ,采用现代信息技术 ,整合营销渠道 ,大力发展供应链管理。     

Driving sectoral sustainability via the diffusion of organizational eco‐innovations

Using insights from institutional literature, the resource‐based theory of the firm, and internationalization, we explain variations in the diffusion of organizational eco‐innovations. Studies have previously reported that the drivers of eco‐innovation are regulatory pressures, technology push, market pull, and firm factors. But relatively little attention has been paid to nontechnological forms of eco‐innovation, such as environmental management systems (EMS). Consequently, how exactly to encourage EMS adoption across sectors is still unclear. We attempt to address this question by combining sectoral panel data (2009–2014) from a number of sources in Spain. The econometric analysis reveals that environmental policy is driving the adoption of ISO 14001 largely due to differences across sectors in energy and pollution intensity. In addition, the adoption of ISO 9001 increases the use of ISO 14001 in industry because of complementarities between the two systems. Third, in highly internationalized sectors, firms adopt a greater amount of ISO 14001.     

Understanding the adoption and institutionalization of workforce analytics: A systematic literature review and research agenda

Data analytics plays a crucial role in enhancing organizational decision-making. Various organizational disciplines have already embraced data analytics. However, human resources management is lagging in data-driven decision-making and, specifically, workforce analytics. Although an increasing number of studies explore the diffusion of workforce analytics, our understanding of why organizations decide to adopt workforce analytics and how organizations further institutionalize workforce analytics remains limited. Taking an HRM innovation and contextualized perspective, this systematic literature review aims to provide in-depth knowledge on factors driving workforce analytics adoption and institutionalization. The results, including relevant learnings from business analytics research, show the importance of competitive, institutional, heritage mechanisms, key decision-makers and actors, and HRM fit-related factors in the diffusion process. Based on the results of this review, various avenues for future research are presented. Additionally, insights from this literature review can help decision-makers allocate their scarce resources effectively and efficiently to cultivate workforce analytics as an organizational practice.     

应用TRM进行产业集成路径规划初探

应用技术路径规划方法(Technology Roadmapping,TRM)的结构框架,引导产业集成的路径规划,建立一个包含区域经济发展、竞争优势和承载力三层结构的产业集成概念性框架;对框架中的每一层进行了详细分析,并以此为背景,应用TRM方法制定了包含三个核心阶段的产业集成路径规划流程,最终构建出典型的产业集成路径规划图。     

How to stimulate supplier innovation? Insights from a multiple case study

Drawing on the literature on supplier innovation, supplier development, and the relational view, we bring forward the concept of stimulation of supplier innovation, which refers to the buyer company's actions which aim to enhance its suppliers' innovativeness, guide its suppliers' innovation processes, and/or encourage its suppliers to share their innovations. Through four case studies about purchasing categories in three companies, we study how the stimulation focus is determined and what methods can be used for stimulating supplier innovation. We propose that stimulation comprises indirect and direct forms of knowledge-sharing and governance with an emphasis on indirect methods and suggest that the concept sheds light on the research gap on the push model of supplier innovation. We also elaborate the literature on supplier development and relational view in the context of supplier innovation.     

网络位置、产品创新战略与创新绩效——以中国制造企业为样本

以创新网络理论与产品创新战略理论为基础,本文将网络位置视为重要的外生性创新资源并作为模型的独特前置因素,以279家中国制造企业为样本,运用因子分析、回归分析以及Bootstrap方法实证研究产品创新战略与创新绩效问题。从技术、市场、设计三个维度将产品创新战略划分为技术推动型、市场拉动型和设计驱动型三种类型,进而厘清网络位置、三种产品创新战略以及创新绩效之间的逻辑关系,从产品创新视角清晰揭示不同网络位置影响企业创新绩效提升的内在机理和具体路径。研究结果表明,网络中心位置和中介位置均会显著促进企业绩效提升;三种产品创新战略分别在网络中心位置影响创新绩效过程中发挥显著的中介效应;但在网络中介位置影响企业创新绩效过程中,技术推动型产品创新战略的中介效应不显著,市场拉动型和设计驱动型产品创新战略则分别发挥显著中介效应。最后对研究结果进行分析和理论解释,以期对指导中国制造企业积极利用创新网络资源、选择适合自身发展的产品创新战略以促进绩效提升具有一定参考价值。     

Data governance and digital innovation: A translational account of practitioner issues for IS research

There is widespread agreement in research and practice that data governance is an instrumental element to help organizations leverage and protect data. IS research has observed that our practical and our scientific knowledge of data governance remains limited, and the increasing ability for organizations to generate, acquire, store, transform, process and analyze data calls for us to further identify and address issues on the topic. Striving to contribute to answer this pressing need, we argue that understanding the nature and the implications of governance mechanisms is of high importance as it is these mechanisms that effectively instantiate data governance in an organization. Building on our experience preparing and teaching workshops to 102 executives on the topic, we adopt a position of engaged scholarship and provide a translational account of our pedagogical experience on data governance, highlighting four outstanding themes for IS research. We argue that these four themes—(1) embracing data governance without compromising digital innovation; (2) enacting data governance through repertoires of mechanisms; (3) moving away from data governance toward governing data; and (4) moving away from a view of data at rest to adopt a service-based perspective on data governance—are highly relevant for practice and research. In our view, studying these themes will contribute to inform practitioners who often struggle with the implementation of comprehensive data governance programs and frameworks. At the same time, the ability to leverage theory to study these themes can help research generate novel theoretical contributions on data governance, helping future research on the topic.     

非营利科研机构在科技创新体系中的定位与作用研究

研究在界定我国非营利科研机构的概念和研究范围的基础上,探讨非营利科研机构在创新系统中的定位,得出作为我国科技创新体系中的重要成员,非营利科研机构在促进官产学研合作的发展和科技成果转化方面能够发挥重要作用的结论。     

自主创新能力国内研究评析

自主创新是我国相对于技术引进而提出的,因此文中仅讨论国内研究。自从2005年以来,我国关于自主创新能力的研究文献量剧增,这种现象反映了我国政、产与学之间的结合与关联,但也在一定程度上反映了我国学术界研究整体上的政策导向性与趋向性,学术的独立性、学术的引领性值得反思与重视。就研究内容而言,通过对高频引用文献的内容分析,概括了三大研究热点,分别是自主创新能力涵义、国家自主创新能力、企业自主创新能力。其中后两者的研究又主要集中在自主创新能力存在的问题,提高自主创新能力的途径和建议,以及建立自主创新能力评价指标体系这三个方面。产业自主创新能力的研究有待加强。     

陕西省高新企业技术创新模式现状及影响因素研究

技术创新模式是企业战略制定的核心内容,通过总结技术创新的三种模式即自主创新、合作创新、模仿创新,并结合陕西省高新企业技术创新调研情况,概括陕西省高新企业技术创新及模式现状,并从内部、外部两个层面研究陕西省高新企业技术创新模式的影响因素。     

Managing Creative People: Strategies and Tactics for Innovation

With rapid changes in technology, and global competition, the success of many organizations has become progressively more dependent on their ability to bring innovative products to market. Ultimately, however, innovation depends on the generation of creative, new ideas. Accordingly, the literature bearing on the nature of creativity is reviewed to identify the conditions that influence innovation. Observations about the nature of creativity are used to draw conclusions about the kind of human resource management strategies that might enhance creativity. It is argued that organizations should consider multiple interventions that take into account the individual, the group, the organization, and the strategic environment when selecting interventions intended to enhance creativity.     

基于用户兴趣挖掘技术的移动校园信息推送系统研究与探索

本文主要从分析现有的校园信息发布平台出发,围绕个性化主动信息推送这一目标,研究及探索一种基于移动网络和用户兴趣挖掘技术的校园信息推送系统。针对不同的用户订制个性化的服务策略和功能模式,并通过分析用户信息和浏览行为以及用户信息订阅来构建用户兴趣模型,主动将用户可能感兴趣的信息推送给他们,并对推送结果进行反向跟踪,实现信息的“推”技术,以此构建一个全新的校园信息推送服务系统,达到信息的主动投放和精确获取的效果。     

Stakeholder Governance for Responsible Innovation: A Theory of Value Creation,Appropriation, and Distribution

In the face of intractable societal grand challenges, organizations increasingly resort to responsible innovation – that is, they pledge to create value for multiple stakeholders through developing new products or services that avoid doing harm and improve conditions for people and the planet. While the link between responsible innovation and societal improvements has been established, organizations pursuing responsible innovation lack governance mechanisms to guide the allocation of the value created – both economic and social – among heterogeneous stakeholders, in line with their responsible intent. We combine the value-based strategy and stakeholder perspectives and infuse a deliberative process to design a three-stage model of value allocation that rests on three key organizational decisions: i) what value to create and for whom, ii) how to appropriate the value created vis-à-vis unintended value appropriators, and iii) how to distribute the value appropriated among intended stakeholders. We propose a framework of stakeholder governance comprised of four novel mechanisms by which organizations can allocate value among their multiple principal stakeholders as part of participative processes. Our study contributes to responsible innovation and corporate governance research by unpacking how new value is managed to solve societal grand challenges.