三孩生育政策能改变人口现状吗?

中共中央政治局5月31日召开会议,听取"十四五"时期积极应对人口老龄化重大政策举措汇报,审议《关于优化生育政策促进人口长期均衡发展的决定》,提出进一步优化生育政策,实施一对夫妻可以生育三个子女政策及配套支持措施. 人口老龄化是中国经济社会发展回避不了,又必须想方设法解决的一道难题.如何才能有效应对人口老龄化带来的问题,...     

应对我国人口老龄化问题的政策思考

我国快速进入人口老龄化对国家的发展提出了严峻的挑战,中国由于是“未富先老”的国家,因此缺乏应对老龄化的国家政策、社会保障和经济基础等.文章从提高经济发展水平、逐步放开计划生育政策、采取弹性退休政策和建立国家、社会和家庭一体化的养老方式来探讨解决我国人口老龄化的问题.     

韩国人口老龄化对金融产业的影响研究及对我国的启示

人口老龄问题将为中国社会经济发展和转型带来新挑战.韩国的老龄化发展速度较快,65岁以上人口比重从7％增加到14％,仅用时18年,是全世界老龄化速度最快的国家.随着韩国人口老龄化程度的日益加深,人口老龄化的发展将会不可避免地对金融产业造成一定的影响,其中最直接的是对储蓄率、金融资产结构和金融资产价格造成影响.而中韩两国在...     

人口负增长的经济影响北大核心

人口负增长对经济社会的影响既有挑战和冲击，也有赢得改革红利的机遇。人口负增长、人口老龄化成为中国经济增长的两个重要转折点。中国人口老龄化存在“未富先老、不期而至”两大特点。所以我们要从以下四点正确认识中国人口负增长：一是人口负增长无涉“好”“坏”判断，二是关注人口趋势性变化而非总量变化，三是提高人才质量与机器替代能够弥补劳动力不足，四是把握增量的挑战、结构的潜力、总量的机遇。改革和政策的机会窗口包括延长义务教育年限以提高人力资本，改革户籍制度以释放农业劳动力，改善收入分配和均等化政府基本公共服务以释放消费动力。此外，借鉴欧洲的经验，福利国家的建设还可以逆转生育率下降和人口老龄化的趋势。     

普惠金融如何为老龄化社会提供高质量服务

2019年岁末,在平安普惠的大力支持下,CAFI在岁末非常及时地举办了以"数字鸿沟与客户赋能"为主题的CPCP上海高级别研讨会,在研讨会上,中国人民银行消保局马绍刚副局长围绕着"普惠金融与应对人口老龄化问题"的主题做了主旨演讲。他强调了在人口老龄化和数字技术飞速发展的双重背景下,普惠金融既需要应对挑战,也迎来了"银发经济"的机遇.     

老龄化背景下美国养老保险制度的改革及启示

美国自1935年签署《社会保障法案》建立了社会保障制度,经过70多年发展,已建成了政府强制性保障、雇主养老金计划和个人退休储蓄计划的三支柱养老金体系。由于人口老龄化程度的提高,美国养老金制度一度面临巨大挑战,引发了一系列的改革。这对于同样老龄化进程加快的中国无疑有一定的启发作用。     

“以房养老”模式的中美比较及对我国的启示

为更好地解决我国人口老龄化的问题,国务院和中国保监会近期发布若干意见以保证"以房养老"模式在我国试点推广。美国作为"以房养老"模式发展最成熟、最完善的国家,其先进经验值得我们借鉴。文章通过"以房养老"模式的中美比较,归纳出美国"以房养老"模式的三个特点,并结合我国前期"以房养老"模式的实践情况,得出了完善我国未来"以房养老"实践的一些启示。     

中国老龄化对经济增长的作用效应分析

一、引言 20世纪90年代,中国人口再生产类型实现了由"高出生、低死亡、高增长"向"低出生、低死亡、低增长"的历史性转变,实现了到20世纪末全国人口控制在13亿以内的目标,取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就.但同时,中国成功的"计划生育政策"也意味着,中国在社会生产力不发达、人均GDP低于1000美元、城镇化严重不足的情况下进入世界低生育水平国家行列,中国的人口年龄结构正悄然的发生着变化.随着人口年龄结构的变化,我们将面临另一个挑战--人口老龄化问题.     

“夕阳”人群里的“朝阳”事业——江苏如皋探索老年意外险营销模式

随着社会化进程的加快,人口老龄化问题日益突出,与此同时,人口老龄化所带来的养老、医疗等一系列问题也随之显现.《中国老龄事业发展报告（2013）》指出,2012年和2013年是中国人口老龄化发展过程中具有重要意义的两个年头.2012年我国老年人口数量达到1.94亿,老龄化水平达到14.3％,2013年老年人口数量或突破2亿大关,达到2.02亿,老龄化水平达到14.8％.     

大力发展保险事业 积极应对人口老龄化挑战

人口老龄化问题给社会带来了多方面的挑战。人口老龄化是一个难以逆转的全球化趋势，由于一些特殊的原因，它给中国带来的挑战显得更为严重。面对这一挑战非动员全社会的力量而不能胜之。而保险应该，也能够在应对人口老龄化的挑战方面发挥出重要作用。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.