煤电价格的放松管制

近来,国家发改委提出了放开煤电价格,由煤电双方自主决定交易价格,这意味着我国的资源改革向市场化迈出了重要的一步。放开煤电价格管制,有利于我国煤炭和电力行业增强竞争力,提高经济效益。但在改革的过程中,我国长期以来实行的煤电政策造成了煤炭和电力行业对放开煤电价格持不同的看法,难以协调,故有必要对我国煤电行业放开价格管制的市场化改革以及改革过程中出现的问题加以讨论。     

国务院批准煤电价格联动方案 火电价格将调整

经国务院批准，国家发改委发布《关于建立煤电价格联动机制的意见的通知》，对煤电联动计算方法，首次联动的计算基准、电价调整周期、销售电价与上网电价联动等重要问题予以明确。煤电联动方案的正式出台．电力行业成本压力将得到部分缓解．煤炭企业业绩将稳步提升。电煤价格将逐渐向完全放开过渡，煤炭交易市场建立和运行的障碍已被消除，时机已经成熟．     

深化电力改革 促进煤电联合

全社会电力需求量的迅猛上涨对电煤供应提出了严峻的挑战,而煤炭价格持续上涨使电厂的生产经营面临严重困难。从长期看,通过煤电联动建立市场电价形成机制、推进电力体制改革是解决当前煤电矛盾的根本出路,同时,国家应该鼓励煤电一体化经营。具体措施可以包括：启动煤电联动;鼓励煤电双方签订中长期煤炭买卖合同,实现煤炭直接供应;鼓励煤电企业联合建立坑口电厂,减少煤炭运输成本;鼓励大型发电集团介入地方煤炭资源;励煤炭企业利用资源优势主动投资电力行业;在铁路行业的改革中,支持煤炭电力企业投资和参股等。     

试论“煤电顶牛”的治本之策

文章针对当前“煤电顶牛”的现状,认为实施煤电价格再次联动治标不治本,其治本之策则在于建立煤电协调发展的新机制和推进电力市场化改革,即一方面完善煤炭价格的市场机制、筹建煤炭期货市场;另一方面打破电力行业垄断、改良现行的电网运行机制并打造有利于电力市场竞争的软环境。     

电煤价格的"困兽之路"

电荒愈演愈烈，而电荒的最大症结——电煤价格矛盾却依然看不到解决的希望。出路在哪里？有关方面提出了三个方案：煤炭订货会改革、煤电联动、煤炭期货。但它们真　　的有用吗？     

关于电价改革的思考

近几年来,随着国内市场上煤炭价格的持续上涨,火力发电企业因不堪承受高煤价而陷入经营困难的局面。国家发改委虽然数次协调电煤价格,缓解煤电双方的矛盾,但是这些临时举措无法从根本上解决电煤紧张的状况。本文旨在不给国民经济整体     

关于电价改革的思考

近几年来，随着国内市场上煤炭价格的持续上涨，火力发电企业因不堪承受高煤价而陷入经营困难的局面。国家发改委虽然数次协调电煤价格，缓解煤电双方的矛盾，但是这些临时举措无法从根本上解决电煤紧张的状况。本文旨在不给国民经济整体运行带来负面影响的前提下，通过政府调控的手段理顺电价机制。     

煤炭商业价格评价与营销渠道管理

煤炭价格的变化对经济运行和居民生活质量有着重大影响。科学合理的煤炭价格是煤电价格传导的基础，是政府制定煤电价格宏观调控政策的依据。因此，对煤炭价格的评价至关重要，而评价标准则是重中之重。不同的评价标准，会得出不同的价格。由于煤炭价格种类繁多，分析评价煤炭价格要统一对煤价的界定。市场营销管理是煤炭企业搞好经营管理，有效防范市场风险，实现企业利益最大化的强有力保障，而营销渠道管理是市场营销管理的重要内容。煤炭企业要搞好市场营销，必须重视营销渠道的管理工作。     

现货电子交易的价格发现——煤炭价格形成机制的改革方向

据国际能源组织统计,2009年我国煤炭消费量占世界煤炭消费总量的45.2%,其中煤炭发电量占发电总量的78%,远远高于世界平均水平41%。由此可知,由煤炭到煤电、钢铁,形成了对CPI和PPI的价格传导机制,煤炭对我国经济发展的影响举足轻重。     

亚太地区煤炭价格之间的联动性效应研究

本文基于协整理论和VECM模型研究了亚太地区煤炭价格和国内煤炭价格之间的相互联动机制。研究结果表明,上述煤炭价格之间存在协整关系且具有长期均衡关系,两者之间表现出较强的双向因果关系,澳大利亚BJ动力煤现货价成为国内煤炭价格波动的重要因素之一,国内煤炭价格对澳大利亚BJ动力煤现货价影响弱于澳大利亚BJ动力煤现货价对国内煤炭价格的影响,两者的相互影响呈现出非对称性联动效应。基于相关研究结论提出中国煤炭资源区域合作相关政策建议。     

煤炭价格市场化改革历程及发展趋势研究

在回顾中国煤炭价格市场化改革历程的基础上,分析煤价波动对区域经济及用煤行业成本与节能降耗的影响,深入研究中央政府的产业政策取向,并对煤炭价格的中长期发展趋势进行前瞻性预测,旨在引导煤炭供需平衡,促进煤炭工业可持续发展。     

从部门出厂价格指数看我国的价格形成机制

影响我国工业品出厂价格指数的主要因素分别是采掘业和农产品相关工业,以这两类行业为代表的因子可以解释整个部门体系价格变动近90%的信息。政策制定者不要只关注整体的价格指数,更要关注采掘业和农产品相关工业这两个部门的价格指数变动,尽量控制这两个因子的同时上升。     

Exploring the influence of industries and randomness in stock prices

This study explores the behavior of time series of historical prices and makes two additional contributions to the literature. In summarized form, we present an overview of each of the financial theories that discuss the movements of stock prices and their connection with industry trends. Within this theoretical framework, we first propose that prices be distinguished by following stock prices and a random-walk approach, and second, that the analysis of historical prices be broken down by industries. Similarities among price series are extracted through a clustering methodology based on an approach to non-computable Kolmogorov complexity. We model price series by following geometric Brownian motion and compare them to historical series of stock prices. Our first contribution confirms the existence of hidden common patterns in time series of historical prices that are clearly distinguishable from simulated series. The second contribution claims strong connections among firms carrying out similar industrial activities. The results confirm that stock prices belonging to the same industry behave similarly, whereas they behave differently from those of firms in other industries. Our research sheds new light on the stylized feature of the non-randomness of stock prices by pointing at fundamental aspects related to the industry as partial explanatory factors behind price movements.     

ON THE PRICE AND STRUCTURAL EFFICIENCY IN FARRELL'S MODEL

The paper develops a mean variance model to characterize the price efficiency at the firm level in Farrell's model and shows how risk aversion may affect this measure. Problems of estimating the structural efficiency at the industry level are also discussed and it is shown that this involves a comparison between efficiency distributions of two or more industries. Two empirical applications for the two efficiency measures are also discussed.     

金融危机下煤炭产业转型发展思考

煤炭工业是我国重要的能源产业,煤炭工业的健康发展事关国民经济发展和能源安全大局,在长期发展过程中,我国煤炭工业对国民经济和社会发展发挥了重要作用。2008年受金融危机影响,煤炭行业出现产量下滑、价格震荡、企业效益下滑等问题,对煤炭产业的健康发展造成极大影响。对金融危机影响下煤炭产业发展现状及面临问题进行了分析研究,并提出了应对金融危机实现煤炭产业转型发展的对策措施。     

重庆市三大产业及典型行业企业的电力负荷特性分析及对策

对2007年和2008年两个关键年度重庆市三大产业及典型用电行业企业的用电负荷特性进行了分析。研究结果显示:重庆市三大产业用电负荷的分布与国家及本地区的产业结构调整方向高度一致;就重庆市典型行业企业——重钢集团和长寿化工而言,两者的用电负荷都具有季节性特点,但两者对峰谷电价的响应程度不一样。最后针对性地提出了便于电力公司加强电力需求侧管理的措施,即电力公司可制定不同程度的峰谷电价比,以便对错峰填谷的用电负荷转移起到很好的推动作用。     

化石能源价格变化影响分析——基于投入产出价格模型

利用《中国2007年投入产出表》中的数据,运用投入产出价格模型测算我国两个化石能源部门(煤炭开采和洗选业以及石油和天然气开采业)的产品价格分别单独以及同时上涨10%这3种情境下其他产业部门产品价格的变化幅度,在此基础上分析了化石能源价格上涨对其他产业部门产品价格的影响。结果显示:煤炭价格依然是对我国各部门产品价格影响最广的因素;而石油和天然气价格对其他部门产品价格的影响主要集中于个别部门。最后给出相应的政策建议。     

Economic Growth in Canada and the United States: Supply‐Push or Demand‐Pull?

Understanding the nature of structural change and the sources of economic growth of an economy, especially the relative importance of different industries, is essential for policy‐making. This paper estimates industry contribution to economic growth in both Canada and the United States. It argues that industry contribution should be evaluated on the basis of the performance of an industry in terms of creating economic value relative to other industries. In particular, it calls for the quantity and the price effects, which is consistent with real GDP in the chained‐Fisher index that values the industry more when its price rises and less when its price declines. This is an important departure from the traditional methodologies that consider only quantity effect. This paper shows that the contribution from demand‐driven industries is significantly more than the finding based on traditional thinking.     

The response of the US export prices to changes in the dollar's effective exchange rate: further evidence from industry level data

The relationship between the dollar's effective exchange rate and the export price indexes for 13 two-digit US manufacturing industries is analysed to determine (i) which industry adjusts its dollar export price to dampen or amplify the effect of the exchange rate fluctuations on the foreign-currency price of its exports and (ii) whether the response of the export price index to appreciation and depreciation of the exchange rate is asymmetric. For several industries, evidence consistent with dampening the foreign-currency price of exports in an asymmetric fashion is found. The implications of the results for the price competitiveness of the industries studied is discussed.     

Exploring the effect of structural patent indicators in forward patent citation networks on patent price from firm market value

This paper introduces structural patent indicators in the forward patent citation networks (FPCNs). Using the estimates of their relationship with firm market value, it explores the effect of the structural patent indicators on patent price. When applied to US smartphone industry and US drug and biotechnology industry, the common finding is that a firm's registered patent gets higher price if influenced faster by the previously registered patents of the same firm through self-citations. The empirical results imply that merely counting forward citations, shown related to patent price by the previous works, is insufficient; the structural properties in FPCNs are essential for the more accurate estimation of patent price. They also show that the relationships between structural patent indicators in the FPCNs and patent price are different between industries. It urges the necessity of selecting structural patent indicators, well fitted to each industry, for the better patent valuation using forward citations.