农产品物流模式优化研究

随着我国农业发展水平不断提升,有关农产品物流方面的研究理论与实践日益丰富。透过国内以及国外农产品物流方面的实践经验可以发现具体实现高效农产品物流的方式方法。农产品物流研究同样也存在一些问题。结合实际情况,形成组织化相对较强的农超无缝对接农贸性质模式,提升政府监控实效,提高信息化建设具有重要意义。     

基于提升潍坊市中心城区商贸物流功能的研究

商贸物流是在商业贸易活动中进行的物流过程,是联系生产和消费的重要枢纽。为了更好的发挥潍坊市商贸物流在拉动市区内需增长和保障改善民生中的重要作用,提升市区商贸物流功能迫在眉睫。本文以潍坊市中心城区商贸物流作为研究对象,着重分析了潍坊市中心城区商贸物流的现状及普遍存在的问题,并指出依托国家政策、整合商贸物流资源、发展电子商务、建设特色街是提升商贸物流的相应对策,以便促进潍坊市中心城区商贸物流更快更好的发展。     

交通基础设施、空间溢出效应与物流产业效率——基于“丝绸之路经济带”西北5省区的实证研究

在经济增长理论、运输经济理论和经济地理理论的基础上,探究了交通基础设施对物流产业效率时空演变与空间溢出效应的影响机理。基于2005～2015年“丝绸之路经济带”西北5省区的面板数据,采用SFA模型测算物流产业效率,并运用空间面板计量方法实证检验了交通基础设施对物流产业效率的空间溢出效应。实证研究的结果表明：“丝绸之路经济带”西北5省区的物流产业效率存在一定的差异但是整体效率在不断提升,邻省交通基础设施水平和本省交通基础设施水平都对本省的物流产业效率具有显著的正向溢出效应,以期为物流产业效率问题研究提供一定的理论评价参考。     

浅析物流包装的发展趋势

随着二战的结束,以欧美为代表的发达国家掀起了物流专业化的发展大潮,并形成了较为成熟的第三方物流。进入新世纪以后,随着社会对现代物流发展的认识进一步加强,包括我国在内的世界各国都强化了现代物流建设。而为了便于在物流过程中的运输、储存、装卸、堆码、发货、收货、销售等作业,需要将一定数量以销售包装形式存在的商品再次包装成一定的数量单元,或者对物流包装进行加固、分装、重新包装等操作,在物流包装方面,与世界先进水平的国家相比,具有很大的差距,因此有必要进一步强化关于国内物流包装的相关研究。本研究将在对物流包装基本理论进行阐述的基础上,采用对比研究方法,对国内外物流包装的做法予以对比分析,并提炼出对国内物流包装发展的借鉴。     

丝绸之路经济带物流产业、金融发展对经济提升的驱动作用研究

文章选取丝绸之路经济带9个省市1990～2015年的数据,在梳理物流产业、金融发展与经济提升的作用机理的基础上,运用面板数据模型,研究物流产业、金融发展对经济增长的驱动作用。研究表明：丝绸之路经济带物流产业、金融发展对经济增长均有提升作用,且货运周转量、物流业增加值、金融发展规模和金融发展效率等因素对经济提升的贡献度因地区不同而存在差异,物流产业和金融发展均呈现出非均衡特征。据此提出建设丝绸之路经济带物流基地和金融核心城市以及推动物流和金融的均衡发展,共同驱动丝绸之路经济带经济提升等相关建议。     

基于模糊信息熵的港口物流系统评估分析

综合分析了港口物流系统的研究现状,从物流系统角度构建多层次港口物流系统评价指标体系,结合信息熵和模糊综合评价方法,建立了基于模糊信息熵的港口物流系统评估方法。此方法综合了主客观权重,克服了主观因素的影响。最后,选定沿海16个港口的物流系统进行了实证分析,结果表明此方法具有可操作性,为港口企业衡量其物流发展水平提供了参考依据。     

区域物流效率评价及收敛性研究

本文基于 2007～2016 年中国物流产业省级面板数据, 运用DEA 与 Malmquist 指数模型测算区域物流效率及改善程度, 分析其差异性特征及演变动因; 通过区域物流效率收敛性研究, 探求区域物流效率均衡发展规律及路径。 研究表明, 物流效率整体水平为 0.683, 区域物流效率差别显著; 进一步分析显示, 技术进步成为物流效率提升的核心动力; 全国及区域物流效率存在阶段性 σ 收敛与 β 收敛, 控制变量在区域物流效率收敛过程中作用不尽相同。 据此, 本文从体制改革、 技术推广、 区域合作、 政府引导、 信息共享五方面提出改善区域物流效率、 促进物流均衡发展的对策建议。     

以政策和经济杠杆提升车辆水平——专访全国政协委员、中国物流与采购联合会会长陆江

在“两会”期间,《商用汽车新闻》记者对全国政协委员、中国物流与采购联合会会长陆江进行了采访。在访谈中,陆江指出,虽然物流行业目前的发展态势不错,但仍然存在一些问题。反映在物流车辆方面,就是要努力发展绿色物流,提升物流车辆水平,促进物流行业“又好又快”的发展。公路运输车辆结构仍不合理     

基于DEMATEL-ISM的国内甩挂运输发展影响因素研究

为了降低国内社会物流成本、提升运输效率、支持国家绿色化物流发展、推广先进运输方式,对国内甩挂运输发展的影响因素进行研究。集成决策实验室分析(DEMATEL)法和解释结构模型(ISM)法,运用Python软件构建了国内甩挂运输发展影响因素的多层递阶结构模型,并基于模型分析了影响因素之间的递阶关系。结果表明：1)政府扶持力度X₃和发展现代物流意识X₁₃这2个因素的重要程度远高于其他发展因素,作为原因因素直接或间接影响每个发展因素;2)运输平台网络构建水平X₁₀作为强结果因素,主要受到大数据技术应用情况X₁₁和“互联网+”模式结合情况X₁₂等强原因因素的影响;3)甩挂运输联盟是发展国内甩挂运输的中坚因素,但其内部具有不稳定性。因此,针对国内甩挂运输发展问题,应重点关注政府扶持力度和发展现代物流意识,并加快甩挂运输联盟向甩挂运输平台转化,甩挂运输联盟内部建议采用新技术保证联盟健康发展。研究结果可为发展国内甩挂运输提供思路,从而促进实现物流行业的可持续性发展。     

降低社会物流总费用占GDP比重的对策研究——基于多元回归模型的实证分析

一个国家或地区的物流发展水平与当地的社会物流总费用占GDP的比重息息相关,理论上,这一比例不宜过高,如何采取有效措施来降低该比例已成为当务之急。本文基于多元回归模型,运用Eviews软件对可能影响该比例的四大因素进行了回归分析及ADF、AEG协整检验,研究结果表明：产业结构对社会物流总费用占GDP比重的影响最为显著;物流行业就业人数的影响作用次之;而物流基础设施投资、经济发展水平对该比例的影响并不显著。在此基础上,分析了回归结果的经济原因并联系实际情况给出了相应的可行性政策建议。     

Creativity techniques in product planning and development: A view from West Germany

The author advocates the use of formalised heuristic principles and teamwork as the cornerstone of creativity techniques on which he has written papers in German, and in view of the interest aroused has taken the opportunity to write a summary for an English-language journal. The purpose of the paper is to review the large number available, to indicate their most profitable field of use and their limitations. He classifies the techniques into four main groups, intuitive association, intuitive confrontation, systematic variation and systematic confrontation. Brainstorming is an example of the first, excursive synectics of the second, morphological analysis of the third and the morphological matrix of the last. He briefly summarises the method employed by about 20 of the 50 he says exist.
The paper concludes with some advice to potential users of the methods and a review of the use made of them in German industry.     

数理统计方法在处理吕沟煤矿试验数据异常值的应用

在吕沟煤矿的岩石性能试验数据中,个别的异常数值通常会出现,从表面上看,异常数据与其他数据有较大差异。然而如何处理这些异常数据,使实验结果更加准确,仍缺乏理论上的依据。文中简要介绍了应用数理统计的方法,对吕沟煤矿岩石性质试验数据异常值进行剔除的工程处理方法,并举例说明和进行计算,该方法的成功应用使岩石性质实验结果更加可靠。     

基于H.264视频压缩技术的网络视频传输系统设计

闭路电视监控作为一项先进的高科技防范手段,特别是由于系统本身具有直观、实时、记录、回放等特点,在许多领域得到越来越广泛的应用。着重介绍了H.264视频压缩技术和视频网络传输技术的同时,对前端视频处理、传输系统设计、远程联网集中平台管理以及视频存储、转发与显示等全方面的纯数字高清网络视频监控系统进行了研究设计。     

The eye of the beholder: The influence of intuition,rationality, and leeway on the assessment of an Idea's market-creation potential

Paradoxically, mature firms facing competition in mature markets attempt to enter new markets, yet often pursue incremental ideas in their new product development process (NPD), abandoning ideas with market-creating potential in the idea evaluation phase at the fuzzy front end of NPD. We assume that idea evaluators' information-processing style (rational or intuitive) plays a dominant role in this context. Previous research has shown that the holistic information-processing style of intuitive individuals helps them with tasks that involve generating creative ideas, and we expect it to also be beneficial during idea evaluation for sensing an idea's potential to create new markets. In addition, we predict that the systematic procedure to be followed in formalized NPD idea evaluation will stifle this ability. Drawing on data from 138 corporate idea evaluators, we show that evaluators with an intuitive cognitive style are more likely to emphasize new market creation than those with a rational style, and that leeway serves as a moderator. By linking information-processing style and leeway we provide a potential explanation for why highly formalized organizations find it difficult to develop innovations with a high market-creation potential, and we discuss the practical implications of this.     

Antecedents of Team Intuition and Its Impact on the Success of New Product Development Projects

Research on new product development (NPD) team decision making has identified a number of cognitive mechanisms (e.g., team intelligence, teamwork quality, and charged behavior) that appear to guide NPD teams toward effective decisions. Despite an extensive body of literature on these aspects of NPD team decisions, team intuition has yet to be investigated in the context of NPD teams. Intuition is regarded as a form of information processing that differs from cognitive processes, and is associated with gut feelings, hunches, and mystical insights. Past research on intuition suggests that many managers and teams embrace intuition as an effective approach in response to situations in a turbulent environment where decisions need to be made immediately. Past research also revealed various benefits of intuition in decision making. These are: to speed up decision‐making process, to improve decision outcomes such as higher product quality, and to solve less structured problems (e.g., new product planning). This research examines the impact of team‐related antecedents (e.g., team member experience) and decision‐specific antecedents (e.g., decision importance) on intuition in NPD teams. The moderating impact of environmental turbulence between antecedent variables and intuition, as well as between intuition and team performance, is investigated. To test hypotheses, data were collected from 155 NPD projects in Turkey. The results showed that past team member experience, transactive memory systems (TMS), team empowerment, decision importance, and decision motives are significantly related to team intuition. The results also revealed that team intuition is significantly related to product success and speed‐to‐market, with both high and low levels of market turbulence. The findings of this study present some interesting practical implications to managers in order to improve intuitive skills of NPD teams. First, managers should make sure that team members have the relevant expertise to facilitate effective intuition. Second, managers should encourage and enhance TMS for effective intuition. If team members are not able to gain timely and unhindered access to others who have the needed experience and knowledge, past team member experience becomes idle in order to make effective intuitive judgments. Third, managers concerned with achieving successfully developed products and helping teams to make immediate but accurate decisions during NPD process should assign more power to team members so that they can rely on their intuitive skills.     

下凹式立交桥内涝模型构建方法及原因分析

以北京市GQM下凹式立交桥区排水系统为研究对象,CAD文件数据为基础,应用InfoWorks ICM建模软件,模拟GQM下凹式立交桥排水系统。通过基础数据整理、一维管网模型、二维地面模型的建立以及旱天、雨天模型校核,建立GQM桥区InfoWorks ICM内涝模型,为其他下凹式立交桥数学建模提供参考。通过模型结果的分析以及桥区现况的勘察可知下凹式立交桥的积水原因主要有桥区雨水口数量不足、布局不合理,管道、泵站设计标准偏低等,为规划改造下凹式立交桥区排水系统提供了直观的依据。     

Institutional life of intuitive insights: Legitimacy of virtuoso intuitive marketing management

Intuitive insights have been recognized as an integral part of marketing and managerial proficiency. In this article, we expand upon this understanding by theorizing the institutional dimension of intuitive expertise. By developing a theoretical framework with supportive propositions we maintain that for intuitive managerial expertise to be effective it requires legitimization in its inter-organizational contexts. Intuitive insights hence have a significant institutional and social existence, irreducible to cognition. This means that institutional logic may support or contradict efficient cognitive strategies, significantly influencing the performance of marketing management. Managerial implications follow to the fields of marketing management and intuitive decision-making.     

基于动态解耦的卷筒纸印刷机速度-张力控制研究

卷筒纸印刷机的速度-张力耦合,是实现印刷机速度-张力精确控制的一个难题。为了精确控制印刷机的速度-张力,首先建立卷筒纸印刷机机电系统状态方程模型,依据状态反馈动态解耦控制理论,进行解耦控制。仿真结果表明,动态解耦控制在速度-张力控制中具有一定作用,为卷筒纸印刷机速度-张力的精确控制提供了一种有效方法。     

220kV智能变电站继电保护系统可靠性研究

智能变电站继电保护系统良好的运行可靠性是变电站充分发挥其重要作用的基础。为了提高继电保护系统运行可靠性,利用可靠性框图法和扩展GO法研究了继电保护系统的可靠性。首先根据变电站继电保护系统的实际配置和结构建立了各种采样模式下的线路保护、母线保护和变压器保护的可靠性框图,并绘制了其相应的GO模型。然后根据源点-汇点概念将系统GO模型进行了分解,简化了共有信号的状态累积概率计算。最后通过利用扩展GO法对220kV智能变电站继电保护系统的可靠性进行了定量计算,结果表明,"直采网跳"运行模式比"网采网跳"运行模式的可靠性要高,线路保护的可靠性优于变压器保护的可靠性。扩展GO法对继电保护系统的配置和元件的检修具有实际意义。