FOSSIL FUEL SUBSIDIES,INCOME INEQUALITY,AND POVERTY: EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

The past two decades have witnessed widespread attempts to reform fossil fuel subsidies in developing countries. If the reforms are likely to improve economic efficiency, the expected effects on income distribution and poverty are more controversial. This paper reviews the recent literature that examines the impacts of fossil fuel subsidies and their reforms on income inequality and poverty in developing countries. It identifies the different channels that have been explored in the literature and surveys the empirical evidence on the importance of these channels in practice. Drawing on diverse country experiences, it also discusses why fossil fuel subsidies are particularly challenging to reform and highlights several ways in which efforts to reform may be feasible and successful.     

Efficiency and regulation: A basis for reform: 2nd annual MDE lecture,Pace University,Graduate School of Business,New York City,USA

This paper reviews the nature and consequences of regulation and attempts to provide a framework for reform. The paper argues that regulation, in addition to direct effects on the efficiency of the firm, causes changes in management orientation. These effects are analyzed for monopoly regulation and the implications for the A-J effect examined. They may be more important than A-J effects and may explain why A-J effects are not always significant. Finally, the paper discusses some proposals for reform, focusing on ways in which the transactions costs of regulation can be reduced while preserving it as a governance structure.     

高职化工机械专业教学改革探索

面对新的市场背景及用人单位对人才需求的变化,对化工机械专业培养目标、课程体系、教学内容、实践性教学环节等方面进行改革的尝试。     

高职C语言课程教学探讨

本文根据高职学生的特点,针对C语言课程难教、难学的现象,对教学内容、教学方法、教学手段和教学评价等方面作了大胆的改革尝试。实践证明,这些方法起到了事半功倍的作用。     

The Conduct of Management and the Management of Conduct: Contemporary Managerial Discourse and the Constitution of the ‘Competent’ Manager*

The character and conduct of the manager has formed a central focus of attempts to govern economic life throughout the present century. and current programmes of organizational change involve radical attempts to reconstitute the nature and conduct of management. This is attempted through the identification and implementation of management competencies. Discourses of organizational reform such as human resource management, total quality management and business process re-engineering all place a critical emphasis on anti-bureaucratic, organic and flexible forms of organization, which are also seen to require the development of particular capacities and predispositions among managers. Essential to their vision of ‘managerial work’ is a composite of ‘entrepreneurial’ attributes. Management competencies appear to offer a congenial method for the reconstitution of the manager along ‘entrepreneurial’ lines, not simply because they are inherently founded on managers'self-management and self-presentation of identified behaviours, but also because they represent individualized forms of business functions (and are often associated with the establishment of market relations within the organization).     

Between the Ivory Tower and the Academic Assembly Line*

This paper considers the impact of managerialism and the reactions it has engendered in university life. It examines the degree to which institutions of higher education in the UK have in recent years been subjected to what some commentators have seen as a managerial assault, alongside economic pressures to restructure and reform, and explores the reactions of academic and administrative staff in middle and junior levels through a case study of two universities. Consideration is given to attempts to introduce managerial controls, including the setting of targets, appraisals and peer review, as well as to the resistances which followed. It is argued that the notion of resistance to domination and control has been underplayed in the literature of organization and management. In exploring its various manifestations it is shown that managerialism is not fully embedded in university life and that matters are far from settled. It is contended that those engaged in academe in middle and junior levels of the organizational hierarchy are actively seeking to keep alive the craft of scholarship by mediating and moderating the harsher effects of the changes through supportive or transformational styles of working.     

DESIRABILITY AND SEQUENCE OF LIBERALIZATION AND STRUCTURAL REFORM POLICIES IN A MODEL WITH INFORMAL SECTOR

The paper develops a three-sector general equilibrium model with informal sector and examines the welfare effects of liberalization and structural reform in the presence of labor and capital market distortions. It attempts to determine a credible sequence of reforms that may be the most welfare-enhancing, since implementation of reforms in all the markets at a single stage may be neither feasible nor optimal. Foreign capital is welfare-improving only in the presence of labor market distortion, while welfare deteriorates if the capital market is distorted. While tariff and capital market reforms may be welfare-enhancing in the absence of labor market distortion, labor market reform may intensify the formal-informal wage gap and have a worsening effect on welfare in the presence of tariff distortion and capital market imperfection. One of the plausible sequences of reforms may be to initially undertake tariff reform followed by capital and labor market reforms, respectively.     

MYTH AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE AMERICAN ACCOUNTING PROFESSION

The American accounting profession attempts to provide the public with efficient and effective financial reports; but to succeed, it must satisfy an environment of diverse, often conflicting, institutions. This article critically interprets the profession's development, arguing that it displays an interplay of myth and technology. This interplay generates structural flaws in the profession as well as a bias against reform.     

独立学院物流管理专业人才培养模式创新研究

针对目前我国独立院校人才培养过程中存在的专业口径狭窄、脱离工程实际、忽视实践环节、工程型师资缺乏等问题,结合独立院校物流管理专业人才培养的实际情况,参照目前国际上先进的应用型人才培养模式,以独立学院物流管理专业为例,对物流管理专业人才培养模式进行改革创新,构建以培养学生实践能力为导向的新型物流人才培养模式。     

组织结构变革在民营企业转型中的难点与对策

面临复杂多变的外部环境、更为激烈的行业竞争以及内部管理经营的提升,大多数民营企业处在转型期,其发展战略必须做出相应调整,而战略决定组织结构,势必要进行企业组织结构的变革以适应其战略,而民营企业由于其创始人或者CEO的素质和特征以及民营企业固有的特性,在组织结构变革中显得更为步履维艰。笔者试图从管理咨询实践中分析民营企业在组织结构变革实施过程中所遇到的难点与症结,并总结民营企业在组织结构变革中所采用的好措施和对策,以期为民营企业更好地进行组织结构变革提供借鉴。     

基于任务驱动法的现代推销学课程教学模式改革初探

新形势下,传统的知识型或被动实践型教学模式已不能适应市场营销专业应用型人才培养的要求.广西贺州学院积极探索市场营销专业教学改革的新思路,尝试将任务驱动教学法应用到现代推销学课程教学改革实践中,分析任务驱动模式下现代推销学课程教学的具体流程,并对任务驱动型教学模式改革实践进行反思,提出需要重点注意的2个方面问题.     

从理性选择制度主义探讨路遥《人生》的悲剧

从路遥《人生》的故事中,可以看出城乡二元户籍制度的残缺给城乡交叉地带的知识青年带来的悲惨命运。文章试图从理性选择制度主义的角度,深入分析城乡二元户籍制度存在的问题及原因,探讨个人的发展是如何受制度框架影响的。通过回顾城乡户籍制度的发展历程和借鉴西方城市化建设的经验,对改革我国城乡二元户籍制度提出合理建议。     

无标底招标实施的风险及对策研究

目前建筑市场竞争非常激烈,一些发包单位为了减少投资,盲目追求低价中标。基于这种客观情况,目前出现了一种的名叫"无标底"招投标的新式招标实施方案。本文分析了无标底招标的内涵,并通过对无标底招标实施的风险的剖析,提出了应对风险的对策和建议。     

Indigenous Peoples’ Health Care: New approaches to contracting and accountability at the public administration frontier

Abstract

This article analyses reforms to contracting and accountability for indigenous primary health care organizations in Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. The reforms are presented as comparative case studies, the common reform features identified and their implications analysed.

The reforms share important characteristics. Each proceeds from implicit recognition that indigenous organizations are ‘co-principals’ rather than simply agents in their relationship with government funders and regulators. There is a common tendency towards more relational forms of contracting; and tentative attempts to reconceptualize accountability. These ‘frontier’ cases have broad implications for social service contracting.     

形象设计高职教育问题探讨

我国的美容美发业在改革开放的30多年时间里有了飞速的发展。我国美容专业职业教育体系框架已经形成,但还不能满足社会对美容美发业的要求和需求,还需要在专业技能上有所提高。本文则试图从美容美发业中的形象设计入手分析高职教育的现状以及所存在的问题,进而移出一些相应的建议。     

浅谈高职学院水利水电专业土力学教学改革

随着社会形势的发展,工程项目对经济社会发展的影响起着举足轻重的作用,我国十二五规划又将水利事业放在了国计民生的重要位置,所以说水利水电工程事业又将迎来一个新的春天,然而,随之而来的将是水利人才的紧缺现象,抓好人才的培养是高校义不容辞的责任,试图就土力学教学改革作一较为全面的阐述。     

以工学结合为主线进行通信技术专业教学改革

以工学结合为主线进行教学改革是培养高技能通信技术人才的有效途径。文章分析了高职通信技术专业实施"工学结合"的必要性,讨论了通过校企联合进行课程置换,基于工作任务设计课程内容,以工作任务驱动的教学方法改革等措施。     

论中国社会分配领域的收入差距问题

改革开放以来,中国的经济获得了前所未有的发展,人民的生活水平日益提高。但是,在高速发展的经济下,中国当前社会分配领域的收入的差距也越来越大,出现了贫富分化的趋势,中国的基尼系数近些年来一直在0.4之上。文中分析了中国社会分配领域收入差距的现状,及中国收入差距产生的原因;认为处理中国社会分配领域的收入差距问题,既要考虑市场经济的分配原则,也要考虑社会主义的分配原则,不断完善中国的分配制度和再分配制度。     

The Long and Bumpy Road to Glass-Steagall Reform: A Historical and Evolutionary Analysis of Banking Legislation

This paper focuses on understanding the role of interest groups and markets in influencing regulatory change. To that end, it first identifies the interest groups surrounding the creation of legislation that separated commercial and investment banking in the 1930s and then identifies the interest groups involved in the more recent attempts to repeal the separation. Careful attention is also given to developments in the private market that affect the legislative process. This then becomes the case study for understanding how interest groups and market developments are able to influence regulatory policy. This particular case study finds that existing orthodox economic and political science literature gives too much credit to interest groups and not enough credit to private market developments when analyzing policy development and reform.     

英国城乡规划的经验及启示——写在《英国城乡规划》第14版中文版出版之前

英国的规划体系注重经验与惯例的积累,在针对城乡规划的基本矛盾———如何应对未来的不确定性时,采取了指导型的开发规划与自由裁量式的开发控制模式,使得城乡规划有能力去处理多样的需求以及不断变化的问题。当前中国规划体系在面对社会经济转型的过程中仍暴露出许多问题,结合中国国情参考英国经验将有助于中国规划体系的构建和完善。