城市基础设施可持续发展水平的组合评价

基于"驱动力—状态—响应"模型,构建了城市基础设施可持续发展水平评价指标体系。运用因子分析、主成分分析、熵值法、灰色评价和集对分析构成的方法集对全国31个省市的基础设施可持续发展水平进行了综合评价。通过Kendall-W协和系数法对各评价结果进行事前一致性检验,在保证各方法评价结果具有一致性的前提下,运用算术平均组合评价模型、Borda组合评价模型和Copeland组合评价模型对方法集中单一方法的评价结果进行组合评价,最后采用Spearman等级相关系数进行组合评价方法的事后检验,选出最优的组合评价方法,得到全国31个省市的最终排名并对此进行了聚类分析。     

研发团队有效性的层次物元评价模型及应用

鉴于团队有效性概念的模糊性和单项指标评价结果的不相容性,将层次分析法与物元法建模相结合,构建层次物元评价模型对团队有效性进行评价。应用该模型对中兴研发团队的有效性进行评价,综合评价结果与该团队实际情况相符,说明该模型有效、可行。层次物元评价模型为研发团队有效性评价提供了一条新的途径。     

基于模糊图论的企业物流绩效评价耗时模型

运用模糊图论的基本理论,建立了企业物流绩效评价评价耗时模型,包括评价过程的多重有向模糊图和广义模糊矩阵。模型首先对企业物流绩效评价评价各环节之间的关系进行了直观的描述,接着对评价各环节耗费的时间进行了定量的描述。通过该模型,可以定量计算评价工作总的耗费时间,为控制评价工作的时间提供了依据。     

湖南省高技术企业综合水平的评价指标体系研究

本文建立了湖南省高技术企业综合水平的评价指标体系和评价模型，因此模型试评价了十家高技术企业，并对此模型进行了检验。     

基于一种改进BP神经网络算法的教学质量评价研究

在教学管理问题的研究中,针对教学质量评价的非线性特征以及教学质量评估体系中存在的诸多非定量的因素,建立教学质量评价的BP神经网络模型。评价模型对已有评价体系中的主观性因素进行量化,并利用神经网络的自学习,自适应及非线性逼近能力进行量化评价的计算。对模型中用到的BP算法和代数算法分别进行了理论上的分析和训练结果的对比,为教学质量评价模型提供了可行的解决方案。     

基于AHP-模糊综合评价法的电力行业有序用电管理效果评价

在归纳有序用电管理具体操作流程的基础上构建了有序用电管理效果综合评价指标体系,并基于AHP-模糊综合评价法建立了评价模型。运用所构建的评价模型对A省有序用电管理效果进行了实例研究,验证了评价模型的实用性和有效性;根据最大隶属度原则和各指标评分值对评价结果进行了科学分析,针对A省有序用电管理效果的提升提出了相应的改进对策与建议。     

新产品产业化过程中关键技术的研究初探

关键技术的研究对于新产品产业化能否成功起着至关重要的作用。文章在梳理技术评价研究方法的基础上,构建了主客观相结合的组合评价模型来确定新产品产业化过程中的关键技术。基于技术路线图的主观评价模型考虑了关键技术可能出现的时间,提高了评价结果的科学性。基于文献计量的客观评价模型引用了大量的期刊文献数据,提高了评价结果的客观性。组合评价模型将主客观评价的结果进行了组合,降低了评价结果表现最差的情形发生的概率。     

企业创新能力的BP神经网络评价研究

论述了BP神经网络模型的原理，在此基础之上，应用B神经网络模型对企业创新能力进行评价。模型建立之前对相关评价指标进行了归一化处理，使其更好的适用于BP神经网络评价模型。最后通过实例验证该评价模型的可行性与准确性。     

基于层次分析和模糊评判的供电企业员工岗位素质评价模型

本文描述了供电企业员工岗位素质模型及其特点,详细阐述了模型的建立过程,并采用层次分析法对岗位素质评价指标进行权重分配,用模糊综合评判法对评价进行定量化处理,从而得到了一个完整的,可操作的供电企业员工岗位素质评价模型。     

关于大坝风险的Vague集事故树的评价模型

本模型主要从对大坝风险评价的角度出发,对导致大坝风险的元素及其逻辑关系进行分析。首先,利用可靠度的知识对大坝系统的失效概率进行分析。然后,结合事故树模型,使大坝的风险元素间的逻辑关系多元化,并对风险元素间的关系应用Vague集理论进行模糊化处理,利用客观数据进行评价,使评价更加客观。最后,模型给出了评价的结果,并进行了讨论。     

浅谈如何提高医院招聘的有效性

在经济高速发展的时代,如何招聘一支高素质的员工队伍,塑造医院的良好社会形象,拓宽医院的生存发展空间成为当务之急。本文以某三级医院人力资源部门招聘工作为例,对怎样提高人员招聘的效率进行了探讨。     

NIT picking: The macroeconomic effects of a Negative Income Tax

I study a revenue-neutral reform of the U.S. income tax and welfare system that involves the adoption of a Negative Income Tax (NIT). The reform is undertaken in a life-cycle economy with individual heterogeneity and uninsurable idiosyncratic labor risk. The optimal NIT consists of a 22% rate and a transfer equivalent to 11% of per-capita GDP. The ex-ante average welfare gain is a 2.1% annual increase of individual consumption. I show that a NIT outperforms a flat tax reform (income tax plus deduction) by a considerable margin. The key consequence of the reform is that high-productivity agents increase their relative importance in the labor supply at the expense of low-productivity agents.     

Preference symmetries,partial differential equations,and functional forms for utility

A discrete symmetry of a preference relation is a mapping from the domain of choice to itself under which preference comparisons are invariant; a continuous symmetry is a one-parameter family of such transformations that includes the identity; and a symmetry field is a vector field whose trajectories generate a continuous symmetry. Any continuous symmetry of a preference relation implies that its representations satisfy a system of PDEs. Conversely the system implies the continuous symmetry if the latter is generated by a field. Moreover, solving the PDEs yields the functional form for utility equivalent to the symmetry. This framework is shown to encompass a variety of representation theorems related to univariate separability, multivariate separability, and homogeneity, including the cases of Cobb–Douglas and CES utility.     

A theory of supplier network-based innovation value

To understand how a supplier helps a buying company create value through innovations, studies have focused on a supplier's internal resources or its relationship with a buying company. Building upon this body of literature, we develop a theory of supplier network-based innovation value in this conceptual paper. This theory explains how a supplier's upstream and downstream value network can be a source of competitive advantage for a buying company. Specifically, it proposes that the levels and types of supplier innovation value is contingent on the configuration of a dual-ego value network, characterized by the locus and degree of buyer-supplier structural equivalence. This theory also explains how a supplier's ties with a buying firm's competitors can pose both opportunity and risk to buying company innovation. This theory contributes to the literature by showing when “seemingly undesirable” suppliers, due to a lack of technical capability or strong relationship with a buying company, might still be valuable to a buying company's innovation.     

转型期的企业战略

本文通过对某大学设计院的发展历程,对企业成长中遇到的困难和问题进行深入剖析,阐述企业 转型期的战略对企业的飞跃的重要性以及对转型期企业战略的制定规则,并通过对企业的SWOT分析,利 用迈克尔·波特五力模型分析,制定出企业转型期的战略及战略目标,并提出具体的实施措施,以期对处于 转型期的科研院所有一定的借鉴意义。     

A sequential model for cracking down on street markets for illicit drugs

This paper develops a sequential decision-making model for assisting law enforcement officials in allocating resources during a crackdown operation on illicit drug markets. The sequential crackdown model (SCM) considers a probabilistic framework, where the probability of incarceration of a dealer and the probability of dealing are modeled as a function of the size of a drug market, crackdown enforcement level, drug dealer's financial hardship, and other market characteristics.The model was developed and tested in consultation with enforcement officials from Philadelphia, PA and Camden, NJ. We present a detailed, step-by-step implementation scheme for updating parameters on each day of the crackdown. Parameter estimation along with examples of model usage is provided. Through these examples, we illustrate how the SCM could be helpful in understanding the response of illicit drug markets to various enforcement strategies. We further show conditions under which an alternating crackdown policy (referred to as a crackdown-backoff) or a consistent use of maximum possible enforcement would be optimal strategies for managing a drug crackdown operation. Within the context of the model and parameter estimates, we show that a much quicker and less costly collapse could be implemented if the available enforcement resources are increased. Finally, the model provides possible conditions under which a crackdown operation would be unsuccessful in eliminating a drug market.     

Stochastic labelling of biological images

Many hypotheses made by experimental researchers can be formulated as a stochastic labelling of a given image. Some stochastic labelling methods for random closed sets are proposed in this paper. Molchanov (I. Molchanov, 1984, Theor. Probability and Math. Statist. 29 , 113–119) provided the probabilistic background for this problem. However, there is a lack of specific labelling models. Ayala and Simó (G. Ayala and A. Simó, 1995, Advances in Applied Probability 27 , 293–305) proposed a method in which, given the whole set of connected components, every component is classified in a certain phase or category in a completely random way. Alternative methods are necessary in case the random labelling hypothesis is not reliable. A different kind of labelling method is proposed that considers the environment: the type of every connected component is a function of its location.
Two different biphase images are studied: a cross section of a nerve from a rat, and a cross section of an optic nerve from a lizard.     

Sustainable Entrepreneurship: A Convergent Process Model

Sustainable entrepreneurship pursues a triple bottom line approach of economic, social and ecological goals. The main aim of this paper is to add to our understanding of the process of sustainable entrepreneurship. Since the field of sustainable entrepreneurship is in a nascent stage, we conduct a qualitative study. We employ a multiple case study design to build theory. Based on four case studies we develop a model, which describes the process of sustainable entrepreneurship, including six phases: 1) recognizing a social or ecological problem; 2) recognizing a social or ecological opportunity; 3) developing a double bottom line solution; 4) developing a triple bottom line solution; 5) funding and forming of a sustainable enterprise; 6) creating or entering a sustainable market. By developing a convergent process model with two pathways, we make theoretical contributions to the emerging fields of sustainable entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship. A key finding is that the triple bottom line of ecological, social and economic goals is integrated sequentially, not simultaneously. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.