供应链柔性的系统分析

为确定合理的供应链柔性水平,提高供应链绩效,本文运用系统分析方法,根据供需原理分析了供应链在其生命周期内柔性产生和发展的动力以及供应链柔性的动态特性,根据供应链柔性的特点,选择可以客观量化的评价指标,构建了供应链柔性的评价体系;并利用层次分析法对其进行了综合评价,为供应链柔性的正确测度提供了新的思路。     

不确定条件下供应链的柔性和绩效研究框架

在供应链动态和复杂的环境不确定性条件下,柔性成为了有效的竞争手段,并可以对供应链绩效进行持续改进。所以,提升供应链的柔性越来越受到理论界和业界的关注。在参考相关文献的基础上,给出了供应链柔性的内涵,并分析供应链在不同的生命周期阶段所体现的柔性能力,探讨在环境不确定性条件下供应链柔性战略决策和发展,进而提出基于环境不确定性条件下供应链柔性和供应链绩效的研究框架。     

供应链系统的柔性性能

在日益激烈的市场竞争中,柔性被认为是企业竞争力的主要决定因素之一。由于供应链管理概念的提出,商业社会意识到柔性的概念应该从单个制造系统拓展到供应链系统。文章讨论了柔性的概念及类型,探讨了供应链柔性的定义及其作用,指出供应链柔性的概念及定量研究还处于初始阶段。另外,文章给出了提高供应链柔性的一些途径。     

供应链系统柔性经济定量模型

企业系统柔性是众多文献讨论得比较多的问题,然而系统地研究供应链系统的柔性,目前还处于初始阶段.在现有为数不多的供应链系统柔性研究文献中,定性讨论较多,定量研究方法多为模拟、加权评价法等.完整而系统地采用数学模型对供应链系统的整体柔性作出定量和说明,对于整个供应链系统的规划和决策,具有重要意义.但是,这方面的研究基本上还是空白.本文利用产品组合柔性（Product mix flexibility）的概念,建立了供应链系统的整体柔性经济定量模型,该模型能够对供应链系统的整体柔性作出定量化解释,从而帮助供应链系统作出柔性决策.     

供应链环境下物流系统柔性能力评价的证据推理方法

针对供应链环境下物流系统柔性能力的评价问题,提出了一种证据推理方法。该方法首先对供应链环境下物流系统柔性能力的形成机理进行分析,并给出了物流系统柔性能力的指标属性;然后运用证据推理算法对物流系统柔性能力不同指标属性下所有焦元的基本概率分配值进行合成,得到不同物流系统柔性能力的信度函数与似真函数值,进而对所有物流系统柔性能力进行排序;最后给出算例。     

短生命周期产品供应链应急数量柔性契约研究

基于数量柔性契约,从系统优化的角度研究了一个两级供应链系统如何应对突发事件的问题。首先研究了数量柔性契约协调一般情况下的供应链系统;然后研究了突发事件对供应链系统造成的影响。并在协调的基础上改变原有的数量柔性契约的策略,研究了在突发事件情况下,如何制定新的策略,协调此类情况下的供应链系统。     

基于结构熵权法的供应链柔性模糊综合评价研究

供应链柔性是供应链绩效的关键维度,反映了供应链上下游企业对于市场环境及顾客需求变化的反应能力。在管理实践中,对企业自身供应链柔性的测度及认识具有重要的现实意义。文章致力于开发一种科学的供应链柔性测度方法,其开发过程包括三个阶段:首先,深入分析供应链柔性的定义及各维度之间的关系,在此基础上建立科学合理的供应链柔性评价模型;其次,引入主客观赋权法相结合的结构熵权法,用以确定评价模型中各维度的权重向量;最后,基于模糊数学原理,采用模糊综合评价方法对供应链柔性进行有效的评价。同时,还结合模拟案例详细阐述了模糊综合评价的原理及应用过程。     

供应链系统的柔性评价

企业系统柔性是众多文献讨论比较多的问题，然而系统地研究供应链系统的柔性，目前还处于初始阶段。本文探讨了供应链柔性的定义，选取了客观的量化指标，建立了供应链系统的柔性评价指标体系。     

汽车制造企业供应链柔性探讨

在对汽车制造企业实行供应链柔性管理的必要性分析的基础上,提出了汽车制造企业供应链应从时间柔性、产品柔性、质量柔性、数量柔性、顾客柔性对其供应链柔性进行探讨。     

汽车制造企业供应链柔性探讨

在对汽车制造企业实行供应链柔性管理的必要性分析的基础上,提出了汽车制造企业供应链应从时间柔性、产品柔性、质量柔性、数量柔性、顾客柔性对其供应链柔性进行探讨。     

几种塔式起重机常用附着系统柔度的分析与应用

塔式起重机附着系统的柔度对塔机结构的分析具有重要意义,无论是塔机的变形、稳定还是附着基础的反力的精确计算,都要涉及附着系统的柔度,本文通过对工程中常用的三种塔机附着形式进行分析,给出了相应的附着柔度表达式,为工程应用提供了参考。     

弹性需求下可替代产品的库存模型研究

针对产品具有可替代性情况下的库存管理问题,建立了需求具有价格弹性的库存模型,最后通过一个算例,对销售商是否采取替代策略情况下期望总收益的变化进行了仿真分析。     

The impact of enterprise systems on process flexibility and organisational flexibility

In light of the current dynamic business environment, companies nowadays need to respond rapidly to changes. Companies often invest heavily in enterprise systems in the hope that these can improve their flexibility in coping with such changes. However, previous studies have shown that the impact of enterprise systems on flexibility can be either positive or negative. To resolve this inconsistency in the existing research, this paper suggests that a company's flexibility should be distinguished between process level and organisational level. Specifically, this paper proposes that enterprise systems will affect process flexibility negatively but affect organisational flexibility positively. The analysis results show that enterprise systems have different effects on process and organisational flexibility. Furthermore, industry clockspeed sets a boundary for the effect on process flexibility but not for that on organisational flexibility. Research and practical implications of this study are discussed.     

军事物流中的灵活性研究

在系统灵活性的基础上,分析了物流系统的灵活性,并着重研究了军事物流的灵活性,从其本质和内容入手,阐明了灵活性对于军事物流的重要性。文章以供应链各环节的关系为基础,设计了军事物流的灵活性分析模型,并通过一个案例加以验证。通过案例的分析得出了同一作战条件下军事物流量与灵活性之间的反比关系,说明了提高军事物流系统灵活性对于降低物流成本、提高后勤保障能力所具有的重要意义。     

Building manufacturing flexibility with strategic suppliers and contingent effect of product dynamism on customer satisfaction

A critical capability sought by an increasing number of firms is manufacturing flexibility, because it allows to effectively respond to dynamic markets. Grounded upon a supply chain perspective, this paper aims to assess antecedents of manufacturing flexibility that stem from the upstream relationships with strategic suppliers. Additionally, it is one of the first to analyze the contingent effect of product dynamism on the impact of manufacturing flexibility on downstream customer satisfaction. We apply structural equation modeling to a sample of 155 companies in order to analyze our hypotheses. Results strongly indicate that buyer-supplier collaboration facilitates inter-organizational learning that in turn allows organizations to develop manufacturing flexibility and increase customer satisfaction. Approaching manufacturing flexibility from a broader supply chain view thus pays off. Moreover, we apply multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to explore the contingent effect of product dynamism on the relationship between manufacturing flexibility and customer satisfaction. Results suggest a stronger impact of manufacturing flexibility on performance in the context of higher product dynamism in companies’ customer markets, confirming the importance of a contingency view to flexibility.     

劳动力市场灵活性对FDI区位分布的影响——基于中国31省市数据的实证经验

本文系统地分析了劳动力市场灵活性因素对中国1999～2009年间31个省市地区FDI流入和分布的影响。模型提出了劳动力市场灵活性通过生产率渠道和成本渠道影响地区FDI流入的假设。其次,通过固定效应回归方法和GMM方法估计劳动力市场灵活性、国际贸易等因素对地区FDI流入和分布的影响。结果表明,劳动力市场灵活性总体上提高了地区FDI流入,并且劳动力市场灵活性通过提高生产率和降低成本促进了FDI流入。此外,劳动力市场灵活性以递减的速率提高地区FDI流入。     

城市交叉口的智能控制策略

采用模糊控制实现对交叉口的智能控制,所用交叉口为四相位的交叉口,依据随机函数产生的交通流量数据对其设计两级模糊控制器,提高实时控制的灵活性。最后运用MATLAB对模糊控制器进行了仿真,仿真结果表明模糊智能控制对红绿灯的实时控制优于以往的定时控制,以达到改善交通拥挤的目的。     

Supply chain performance flexibility in the Australian beef industry

The red meat value chain in Australia is undergoing a rapid change due to globalisation, a highly competitive meat market and increased production efficiency and flexibility. This paper aims to investigate how beef producers can increase supply chain performance (SCP) flexibility by improving supply chain practices. A model was developed and hypotheses were formulated based on the literature review of agri-food supply chains. A survey questionnaire was distributed to beef producers in Australia and the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that performance flexibility was significantly influenced by the supply chain practices: customer relationships and information quality (IQ). Given these findings, beef producers should focus on customer relationships and IQ in order to achieve enhanced flexibility in their SCP. The paper discusses the implications and current practices in beef cattle farming industry.