我国农村经济转型的金融支持研究

金融是经济发展的血脉,是农村经济转型的重要支撑。本文通过分析农村经济转型的环境和困境,深入研究了农村金融发展与农村经济转型的关联性,分析了金融对农村经济转型的支持作用与影响,提出了我国农村金融快速发展的路径。     

深化农村金融体制改革促进农村经济可持续发展

在建设小康社会的进程中,"三农"问题是关系到国民经济能否持续健康发展的基础和关键环节,"三农"问题的解决离不开农村金融的支持,农村金融的发展水平决定和制约着农村经济的发展水平。本文从我国农村金融体系发展历程入手,分析了其发展现状和存在的问题,并提出了在我国经济转型背景下,改革农村金融体系、促进农村经济可持续发展的思路。     

建立农村经济发展的金融保障机制

改革开放以来,国家对农村金融体系进行了一系列改革,但随着农村经济的快速发展和结构转型,农村金融保障不足的矛盾日益突出。为实现国民经济健康持续发展和全而建设小康社会的宏伟目标,迫切需要建立农村经济发展的金融保障机制。一、农村经济发展中金融保障状况 1.信贷投入不足。一是农业发展银行收缩了对农村经济的投入。由于1998年以后农业发展银行职能的调整,直接减少了与农村经济     

中国金融发展中的农村金融转型

农村金融转型是一个影响中国经济发展的重要命题,经过十多年的农村信用社和农业银行改革,农村金融改革依然处于探索阶段。本文认为,农户经营行为及其对金融产品和服务的需求演变是农村金融发展的客观前提,为此,本文提出农村金融应该立足于农村城市化和城乡一体化进程,根据农村经济的特质性风险,建立面向农户的零售银行体系的基本思路。     

甘肃增加“三农”资金供给的农村金融组织结构优化研究

"三农"问题是我国农村经济发展的核心问题,也是农村金融改革和金融支持农村经济发展的目标和源泉。随着农村经济的转型和新农村建设的逐步推进,农民、农户专业合作组织及农村中小企业的真实信贷需求不断增加。而近年来,农村金融机构却不断萎缩,农村金融服务总体缺位的情况愈加严重,农村资金流出农村市场,服务"三农"的金融机构经营理念     

中国金融发展中的农村金融转型

农村金融转型是一个影响中国经济发展的重要命题,经过十多年的农村信用社和农业银行改革,农村金融改革依然处于探索阶段.本文认为,农户经营行为及其对金融产品和服务的需求演变是农村金融发展的客观前提,为此,本文提出农村金融应该立足于农村城市化和城乡一体化进程,根据农村经济的特质性风险,建立面向农户的零售银行体系的基本思路.     

苏南模式 成功始末——访江苏江阴农村商业银行董事长赵益

＂苏南模式＂是在传统农业经济占比重很低的经济发达地区,农村金融机构立足于县域经济,适应城乡一体化的大趋势,为城市化过程中乡镇企业的转型以及民营中小企业的发展提供金融支持,走＂服务于大农业＂的发展道路,率先通过产权改革形成较为完善的法人治理结构,并且开始通过跨区域经营和公开上市谋求更大的发展空间。作为国务院确定的全国首批3家农村商业银行试点之一,江阴农村商业银行凭借其＂苏南模式＂的成功运作,成为全国农信社乃至农商行改革转型的先进性代表。在经历了十五年的高歌猛进式发展之后,在深化农村金融改革的当下,江阴农村商业银行的上市转型决策,彰显了一个成熟农商行的远见、成熟与自信。     

从供求角度分析新形式下农村金融问题

中国农村金融体系的改革并没有跟上农村经济转型对金融服务的需求。正规农村金融机构资源供给不足、农村信贷资金的供求矛盾以及金融创新不足和信贷信用危机的问题依然相当突出。本文将农村金融的主体分成农村金融机构与农村金融需求方两方面,综合分析各自的问题,重点在于金融创新和信贷信用危机．     

从供求角度分析新形式下农村金融问题

中国农村金融体系的改革并没有跟上农村经济转型对金融服务的需求.正规农村金融机构资源供给不足、农村信贷资金的供求矛盾以及金融创新不足和信贷信用危机的问题依然相当突出.本文将农村金融的主体分成农村金融机构与农村金融需求方两方面.综合分析各自的问题,重点在于金融创新和信贷信用危机.     

普惠型农村金融体系亟待建立

改革开放以来．我国重建了农村金融体系．逐步形成了以合作金融为基础．商业性金融、政策性金融分工协作的农村金融体系,农村金融规模不断扩大．对推动农村经济发展发挥了重要作用。但是,农村金融体系的改革并没有适应农村经济转型对金融服务不断增长的需求．正规农村金融机构资源供给不足、服务不到位的问题依然相当突出．农村资金又大量外流．农户仍普遍受到不同程度的信贷约束。正规金融对农户的信贷配给和信贷约束问题一直是农村经济与金融发展的热点争论问题。20世纪90年代初期到现在,许多国内外研究者对此问题进行了深入研究,使得我们对正规信贷约束问题有了更全面的认识。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.