为评估中国高铁对区域经济影响提供工具

中国的高速铁路网是世界上规模最大、发展最快的高铁网,对劳动生产率、就业、工业增长和区域发展都带来了重要的影响。但是,常规的成本效益分析方法往往无法很好地反映这些重要影响。世界银行最新技术援助课题协助中国铁路总公司开发一种用于甄别和量化中国高铁项目区域经济影响的标准化和可操作的方法。     

关于铁路工程建设施工项目财务管理的探讨

我国经济的发展提高了对铁路交通项目建设的需求。为了应对现代快节奏生活对铁路交通的需求,我国近年来加快了铁路、高铁等公共交通项目的投资建设。作为影响铁路工程建设施工项目经济效益与施工成本的关键,铁路施工项目财务管理工作对投资建设企业以及建设施工企业的经济效益都有着重要的影响。本文就现代铁路工程建设施工项目财务管理工作重点以及要点等进行了简要论述。     

建设项目投资效益估算的方法问题

随着宏观经济的发展,企业的建设项目越来越多,对建设项目进行投资效益估算,对企业来说是很重要的财务管理活动。本文研究的是建设项目投资效益估算的方法,主要涉及了投资总额、生产经营成本、资金成本、生产收益、投资效益和投资风险估算等方面。     

项目投资效益评估的一般思路——以青龙山庄投资项目为例

在任何大型投资项目中,为了最大限度地减少投资风险,对投资项目可行性研究都是非常必要的.而在可行性研究报告中,对投资项目的效益分析属于核心内容.在对投资项目的效益评估中,已经积累了一些成熟的经验和思路,这些经验和思路具有推广价值.     

浅谈怎样提高财政投资效益

提高财政投资效益是建设社会主义市场经济的需要，评价财政投资效益必须要有客观标准，提高效益的手段有：确定财政投资的范围和规模，对投资项目进行成本-效益分析，对项目的外在效益和外在成本进行分析等。     

论项目管理对投资效益的支持作用

投资活动具有独特的运行规律，政府和企业在管理模式上现存的缺陷不利于投资效益的实现，有必要在实际 工作中引入项目管理的模式，项目管理以效益为直接目标，以项目为核心，以竞争为手段，以协调为基础，以法律为保障，辅以现代化的项目管理方法和技术，为投资效益的实现铺垫了良好的基础，具有坚实的支撑作用。     

关于对石油工程项目投资效益评价的研究

石油在现代工业的发展中具有重要的作用,是工业发展的血液。但是石油工业却是一个高投入和高风险并存的行业,而且石油的投资项目往往具有运作时间长,技术要求高,投入资金多等特点。因此对石油工程项目进行投资必须要有远见和能力,同时要对投资效益和投资风险做好充分的评估。本文将就石油工程的发展现状对石油工程投资效益的影响因素和评价方法展开研究分析。     

刍议学校基本建设投资效益审计

<正>项目投资效益审计是一种新的相对独立的财务审计形式,它具有独特的外延和内涵,与真实性、合法性审计有着必然的联系。它不等同于传统的财务收支审计,对基本建设项目投资效益审计运用一定的方法和标准,进行决策、分析、对比、评价。项目投资效益审计,不仅是国家审计的一项重要目标也是学校内部审计的主要任务和日常重要工作。     

基建成本管理对财政支出效益的影响

基建成本支出是财政支出的重要支出项目,是关系财政体系管理效益的重要影响因素。本文结合当前基础建设特点和形式以及现行财政制度,对基建成本管理和财政支出效益的分析研究,对提高财政支出效益具有一定的意义和借鉴价值。     

基建成本管理对财政支出效益的影响

基建成本支出是财政支出的重要支出项目,是关系财政体系管理效益的重要影响因素.本文结合当前基础建设特点和形式以及现行财政制度,对基建成本管理和财政支出效益的分析研究,对提高财政支出效益具有一定的意义和借鉴价值.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

金融企业员工考核系统的设计

一、概述 为配合公司人事考核制度的贯彻执行,保证该制度执行过程中各项工作能够长期、高效、准确地完成,我们开发了公司员工考核系统,实现了人事考核工作中员工投票、考核统计、考核信息分析、报表生成等功能,减少了人事部门人员的手工操作,提高了考核工作的自动化程度.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.