山东省能源消费与经济增长的因果关系研究

利用计量经济学中的时间序列平稳性检验、协整检验、误差修正模型和Granger因果关系检验建立统计模型,对山东省1985-2009年经济增长与能源消费之间的关系进行了实证分析。结果显示:山东省能源消费总量与经济增长、煤炭消费与经济增长之间存在长期协整关系,并且存在从能源消费总量到经济增长的单项因果关系和从煤炭消费到经济增长的单项因果关系;石油消费与经济增长之间没有协整关系。结论为解决山东省能源消费与经济增长中存在的问题提供了科学依据。     

能源消费，经济增长和碳排放：中国面临的挑战

对中国经济增长、CO2排放和能源消费的长期Granger因果关系检验的结果是:CO2排放是能源消费的Granger原因,反向的Granger因果关系则不成立。收入和CO2排放之间没有长期因果关系,这意味着中国不必以牺牲经济增长为代价来减少CO2排放。     

中国能源消费与GDP因果关系的实证研究——基于结构变化、技术进步视角

文章运用协整理论和Granger因果关系检验方法,对1953-2006年中国能源消费总量、经济增长、产业结构、技术进步间的协整关系和因果关系进行了实证研究。研究发现：中国能源消费总量、经济增长、产业结构、技术进步之间存在着长期的均衡关系,Chow检验结果表明1978年的因果关系没有发生变化。向量误差修正模型（VECM）的Granger因果关系检验结果表明：在长期内,存在从能源消费到经济增长的双向因果关系;而在短期内,只存在GDP到能源消费的单向因果关系。     

环境污染与经济增长、能源消费、FDI和城镇化的双向耦合关系北大核心CSSCISSCI

文章根据三大环境污染物排放分别建立环境污染物排放—经济增长—能源消费—外商直接投资—城镇化的PVAR模型,通过脉冲响应、方差分析和Granger因果检验分析比较五个变量的双向动态关系。结果表明:五变量的动态关系在碳排放中最为显著,且经济增长、能源消费和城镇化与污染物排放存在着显著的双向耦合关系;根据方差分析可知,除自身因素外,外商直接投资对碳排放和固体废物排放预测方差贡献度最大,城镇化对废水排放贡献最大。     

能源消费与经济增长的协整分析:以新疆为例

本文利用新疆1978～2010年的年度数据,采用协整分析理论对新疆能源消费和经济增长之间Granger因果关系进行实证分析。结果表明新疆经济增长与能源消费之间存在长期协整关系,并存在从能源消费到经济增长的单向因果关系,即能源消费每增加1%,GDP将增加0.781273%,提高能源效率是新疆经济可持续发展的必然选择。     

能源依赖还是诱致能源需求:重庆的实证分析

运用协整分析与状态空间模型对1980—2012年重庆能源消费与经济增长关系进行实证分析,结果表明,重庆能源消费与经济增长之间存在长期稳定均衡关系;因果关系检验表明,存在从经济增长到能源消费的单向Granger因果关系,重庆能源消费增长的本质是由经济驱动即是诱致能源需求型;状态空间模型估计较好地估计了1980—2012年重庆能源消费与经济增长之间的关系,能源消费弹性系数处于较高水平,当GDP每增加100亿元,将有64.444万~64.454万吨标准煤能源被用于消费。基于此,提出了相关政策建议。     

环境污染、能源消费与经济增长

在控制了资本和劳动力变量的基础上,构建了多变量VAR模型,考察了1989—2009中国及分区域在环境污染、能源消费和经济增长之间的动态因果关系。结果表明：对全国来说,分别存在从环境污染到经济增长、从环境污染到能源消费以及从能源消费到经济增长的三个单向因果关系。分区域看,东部沿海地区存在从经济增长到能源消费和从环境污染到能源消费的单向因果关系,环境污染和人均实际GDP之间不存在因果关系;中部地区存在从能源消费到经济增长的单向因果关系,环境污染和经济增长之间以及环境污染和能源消费之间存在双向因果关系;西部地区显示能源消费与经济增长之间不存在因果关系,但存在环境污染和能源消费的双向因果关系和从经济增长到环境污染的单向因果关系。此外,实证结果表明能源消费与经济增长关系的假说一中性假说、增长性假说和保护性假说在东部、中部和西部地区依次成立,即支持了本文所构建的基于EKC的环境污染、能源消费与经济增长分析框架。     

中国能源消费与GDP关系实证分析

能源问题在国家经济体制中占据着举足轻重的地位,对中国能源消费与GDP关系进行研究是重要并且必要的。文章运用协整理论和Granger因果检验对我国1978~2014年间GDP和能源消费总量以及能源各构成部分消费总量之间关系进行实证分析。研究结果表明GDP与能源消费总量、石油消费总量、天然气消费总量存在协整关系,并进一步构建了协整模型和误差修正模型。而GDP与煤炭消费总量,水电、核电、风电消费总量不存在协整关系。存在从GDP到能源消费总量,石油消费总量,天然气消费总量,水电、核电、风电消费总量的单向Granger因果关系。     

广东省能源消费与经济增长关系的实证分析

本文以广东省1985～2008年能源消费与GDP的数据为基础,运用协整分析方法和Granger因果检验方法对二者之间的关系进行实证分析。研究发现广东省能源消费与GDP在短期内存在波动关系,而从长期来看,它们之间存在着稳定的均衡关系,并且是从能源消费到GDP的单向因果关系。最后,本文就广东省的能源消费以及经济增长提出了相关政策建议。     

山东省碳排放演进特征及影响因素的实证研究

根据山东省1998—2009年经济发展与能源消费数据,分析了山东省碳排放的演进特征,基于Kaya公式对碳排放的影响因素进行了实证研究。利用SPSS13．0对山东省人均GDP、能源强度、碳强度、三次产业与碳排放量间的动态影响关系进行了实证研究,结论表明,山东省作为全国的经济大省和能耗大省,近十二年碳排放量呈持续增长态势,存在着经济增长与碳排放的线性高度相关关系,产业结构、能源消费结构与碳强度均对碳排放有着重要影响。实证结果表明,在保障经济稳定增长的同时,山东省应建立低碳工业化战略,构建低碳产业体系,优化能源消费结构,加强低碳技术创新,宣传低碳消费观念,促进产业低碳转型。     

Research on the expenditure of Yunnan fiscal on agriculture and its performance

This paper applies stepwise regression to analyze the contribution of Yunnan fiscal expenditure of agriculture to agricultural economy growth and per capita annual income on agriculture of rural inhabitants over the period from 1978 to 2006, and uses Granger causality test to examine the relation of fiscal expenditure and per capita annual income of rural inhabitants and the income differential between urban and rural residents. The results suggest that it is the structure of fiscal expenditure on agriculture rather than the scale that has effect on the income of peasants. Because of the deviation of objectives of fiscal expenditure, the expenditure of agriculture could not narrow the income differential between urban and rural inhabitants.     

The Profound and Extensive Chinese Tea Culture

Anyone who knows a little bit about Chinese culture usually knows about Chinese tea culture.Chinese tea culture has a history of more than 4,000 years and still emerges fresh and vigorous from the test of history. Chinese tea culture has played an important and indispensable role in Chinese culture. The extensiveness and profoundness of Chinese tea culture is unpanelled. Its importance to Chinese people is noticeable. Tea has surprising functions： it can not only refresh the body but also the mind. Tea is prevalent in and out of China and is loved by people throughout the world.     

More effective utilization of FDI by China

Emerged from 1950＇s, with the huge emergences of multinational enterprises, foreign direct investment is developing along with international trade, and both of them present two main motivations of the world economy. Used to be one of the most closed countries, China has now been an indispensable part of the international economy since its economic reform in 1978. Normally big countries receive large amount of foreign direct investment, and as a huge country, China receives the top amount of FDI recently. For China, how to attract more FDI is less important than how to utilize FDI efficiently. If China uses FDI more efficiently, FDI could contribute more to its economic reform and developments. However, the efficient use of FDI is not an easy task for China with such large volume. This paper discusses the current situation of international capital flow and FDI to China, and then analyzes the issues concerning FDI in China from several different perspectives like terms of trade,, technology spillover, dual economy, domestic investment, MNEs in China, and spatial distribution of FDI in China, etc.. Finally, the paper gives conclusion of the situation of FDI in China and suggestion for the policies of efficient usage of FDI in China.     

Analysis of international construction brand for Chinese construction enterprises

At present, the resources of construction brand for Chinese construction enterprises come from the sensitivity induced by the demand-and-supply in the market economy, the stress caused by the international construction enterprises＇ competition and the tendency attributed by the international eco-economy. To a larger degree, the integration of these three forces constructed the choice source of brand strategy for construction enterprise in China. This paper will show that three forces are the base for the brand strategy and the corresponding main restrict factors. At last, the paper further reveals that Chinese construction enterprises should culture the dynamic and sensitivity bio-economy brand to pursue the sustainable development.     

Global climate change and the research on technical paths of Chinese steel and iron industry against the climate change

The article introduces the impact and essence of climate change and analyzes the attitudes and measures of international community to fight global climate change. From the perspectives of Clean Development Mechanism, Voluntary Carbon Market, energy audit and potential carbon asset investment, this paper discusses the feasible paths of Chinese steel ＆ iron industry against global climate change and summarizes the main fields of adapting to the development of CDM project activities.     

An empirical analysis of the growth of it enterprises in China

The paper makes an empirical analysis to the main factors effecting IT corporate growth-human resource and R＆D. By using data of China＇s listed IT companies, we focus on the relationship among corporate value （net return of equity, ROE） or development of corporate value （Tobin＇s Q） and manager＇s salary, R＆D fee, R＆D employee, etc. The conclusion shows that development of corporate value （Tobin＇s Q） has positive correlativity with the plurality of board chairman and general manager, independent directors＇ proportion, R＆D fee, and R＆D employees while it is non-obvious positive with salary of superior managers, holding stocks of general manager, capital investment, and negative with corporate scale. The conclusion is accordant with the development status of Chinese IT corporation.     

Grey Critical Chain project scheduling technique and its application

Based on the idea of Grey System and interval number coefficient notation, a Grey Critical Chain scheduling approach is studied. According to Grey system Theory, the time of project or task completion can be considered as the object that extension is definite but intension is uncertain, which is coincident with the character of the project management. The Grey Critical Chain Scheduling Technique mainly aims at the single project time management, but the management idea can also be applied to the other knowledge areas of the project management. In this technique, we improve the selection method of the buffer time in the Critical Chain, in order to obtain reasonable Feeding Buffer time and Project Buffer time. In this paper, we will use an example to discuss the Grey Critical Chain Scheduling Technique, compare Grey Critical Chain with Program Evaluation and Review Technique, Critical Chain and Fuzzy Critical Chain, and analyze the advantages, disadvantages and applicable scope of their own.     

The loyalty based on Nash equilibrium theory between knowledge workers and enterprises

The competitiveness of the enterprises is the talent competition. ＂Talent＂ more often refers to ＂knowledge workers＂, the pillars of the enterprises is composed of knowledge workers. Loyal knowledge employees can enhance the core competitiveness and cohesion of the enterprise. From the Nash equilibrium theory perspective, this paper constructs the mutual loyalty model of knowledge workers and enterprises, analyzes the strategy of choice of knowledge workers and enterprises, gets a balanced strategy of pure and mixed strategy of the Nash equilibrium, and gives some proposals in increasing the mutual loyalty between knowledge workers and enterprises.     

Study on Real Estate Investment Trusts and application in China

The Real Estate Investment Trusts （REITs） is a mature investment and financing tool in the real estate market abroad. RE1Ts is able to deploy resource, circulate necessary funds and disperse risk effectively. It is the feasible effective way and necessary choice during the real estate finance innovation. But there is a big gap between RE1Ts in China and the mature RE1Ts abroad. Because RE1Ts in China puts more attention on the financing function of the real estate. Besides, because the relevance law and the market environment are not perfect, REITs couldn＇t exploit its advantages very well in China. It needs to be developed in the practice. This paper starts with introducing the concept of REITs. Then the paper goes on to tell the types and characteristics of REITs aboard. It continues to study the experience of mature RE1Ts in the market and finds out disadvantages which China＇s RE1Ts have. Based on above research, the paper considers about the situation in China and states the mode of RE1Ts we should choose in China. At the same time, the paper points out the important problems we should deal with when we develop REITs in China.     

The analysis of net cash inflow of money market in US and their revelation

Net cash inflow is one of the main reasons why the asset values of money market funds in the USA continued to grow over the past thirty years. This paper applies cash flow analysis to track the development of money market funds in the USA. Our analysis leads to the several policy implications.