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先进技术具有比社会平均技术更高的生产率,用于生产时可以代替更多的人类劳动,因此,利用它所生产的个别价值低于社会价值,使较少的劳动创造较多的社会价值。但先进技术是技术创新劳动的产物,因此它的上述作用体现着技术创新劳动独特的贡献。技术创新劳动的特点说明它是某种倍加的复杂劳动。 相似文献
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Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver Francisca Sempere-Ripoll Carles Boronat-Moll Ronald Rojas-Alvarado 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2018,30(5):569-581
Most studies on innovation are aimed at covering technological innovation, neglecting other modes of innovation based on non-technological drivers. The latter, referred to as management innovation, consists of the implementation of new management practices, processes or organisational tasks. This work advances knowledge on the topic by exploring the joint effect of simultaneously introducing technological and management innovations on performance. Based on an analysis of 12,563 Spanish firms drawn from CIS data, our findings suggest that firms frequently pursue the simultaneous or joint introduction of both technological and management innovations and that integration impacts positively on a firm’s performance, evidencing an inverted U-shape that suggest positive but diminishing returns. A theoretical framework using the capability-based view embraces the emerging conversation on management innovation issues and its relationship with the well-researched technological one. 相似文献
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This paper seeks to explain why some countries have managed to catch up in terms of labor productivity over the period 1993–2007 in 76 countries. By integrating the technology gap research within the standard growth-accounting approach, we introduce a methodology which allows us to split total factor productivity (TFP) change into two components: conditional technical inefficiency and the magnitude of the technology gap. We find that labor productivity growth depends both on investment in fixed capital and TFP. Fast emerging economies exhibit patterns of growth based in particular on the reduction of the technology gap, confirming the role of investment in technological capabilities to spur productivity catch-up. Looking at change in the distribution of labor productivity, emerging countries managed to shift from low productivity toward a medium level of productivity thanks to technology accumulation. Less advanced countries cannot rely only on technology diffusion and learning by doing, policies for technological capabilities accumulation are necessary. 相似文献
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根据企业技术创新的动态特性,提出了企业技术创新活力的概念,它可以更好地评价一个企业的技术创新状况.另外,构建了一个评价企业技术创新活力的指标体系.同时,针对我国企业技术创新统计数据存在的有限性以及灰色性,尝试将灰色模型GM(1,1)应用于评价企业技术创新活力. 相似文献
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中国不少企业尤其是中小企业在通过ISO9000认证以后,存在着效率低下、改观不大的问题,部分领导的观念错误与低参与度、对质量认证过程的忽视、认证咨询机构选择的失误以及通过认证后的管理松懈等是导致低效的主要原因,因此重视认证过程,慎重选择咨询机构,改进质量体系。 相似文献
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新质生产力对高质量发展具有强劲推动力、支撑力.如何科学把握新质生产力发展现状及时空特征,是加快形成新质生产力的首要任务.基于新质生产力的理论内涵,构建涵盖新质人才资源、新质科学技术、新质产业形态和新质生产方式四个维度的新质生产力发展评价指标体系,运用改进的Critic-Topsis综合评价法、Dagum基尼系数和Kernel核密度估计方法考察中国30个省份(因数据缺失,未含西藏地区港澳台地区)2012-2021年的新质生产力发展水平、区域差距及动态规律.研究发现:2012-2021年,中国新质生产力发展水平呈现稳步上升态势,但存在不平衡不充分问题,多数省份的新质人才资源、新质科学技术、新质生产方式和新质产业形态制约了新质生产力的发展水平;中国新质生产力发展水平的区域差距呈现不断缩小的态势,东部地区区域内差距最大,东部与东北地区区域间差距最大,30个省份新质生产力发展水平差距主要来源于区域间差距.研究识别了中国新质生产力发展水平及其演变特征,为加快发展新质生产力推进中国式现代化提供政策建议. 相似文献
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本研究基于2011至2022年沪深A股上市企业的财务报告数据,系统地探讨了企业人工智能发展水平对新质生产力的影响。研究结果明确显示,人工智能的广泛应用显著地提升了企业的新质生产力。通过深入的机制分析,本文揭示了人工智能如何通过两大途径提升生产力:一是促进企业智化转型(即数字化和技术创新),二是通过提高企业营运效率(包括固定资产周转率和营运资本周转率)来优化资源配置效率。异质性分析进一步表明,人工智能对盈利增长、中小企业以及非国有企业的正面影响尤其显著。调节效应分析也揭示了在不同融资环境和投资效率的背景下,人工智能对新质生产力的作用存在显著差异。这些发现不仅为理解人工智能在不同企业类型中的具体作用提供了新视角,也为政策制定者和企业管理者提供了如何利用人工智能技术推动高质量企业发展的实证依据。 相似文献
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本文在文献回顾的基础上,分析了互补资产对渐进性和突破性技术创新的影响,并通过中国医药制造、电子信息和电气设备制造等三个行业103家上市公司2004~2008年的数据,对二者的关系进行了实证分析。本文的主要发现和结论是:企业互补资产的积累有利于渐进性技术创新,但不利于突破性技术创新;不同类的互补资产对突破性创新的影响有所不同,互补生产制造和人力资产不利于突破性技术创新,而互补营销资产的积累有利于突破性技术创新。 相似文献
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JIANG Xue-gen WANG Li-xin 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2007,6(3):49-54
Successful innovation is so important that enterprise scientifically manages the process and risk of technological innovation. Firstly, the process of innovation is generalized to seven stages including formation of innovation idea, investigation and evaluation, research and development, middle test, mass production, marketing and selling, after service and feedback. Secondly, the origin of risk in the process of innovation is analyzed. The purpose is to help enterprise identify risk and take countermeasure to minimize the potential loss and maximize the potential income. 相似文献
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分析了促进以企业为主体的区域绿色创新体系新战略,阐述了绿色技术创新战略的层次,采用何种层次的战略,以及一般会依据企业所处的环境及自身绿色技术创新能力进行选择的被动型战略、参与型战略、主动型战略和创新型战略,并提出要建设绿色技术创新的服务体系,包括法律制度体系、财政税收体系、融资体系。 相似文献
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对突破性创新的概念和内涵进行了界定,论述了突破性创新的理论和实践意义。将突破性创新与其他重要的技术创新类型(如渐进性创新、结构性创新、模块化创新等)进行比较,分析了突破性创新的类型和特征,阐述了突破性创新的过程和管理模式。深入评介了近年来国际权威期刊发表的有关突破性创新的实证研究文献,对其研究设计、研究问题及研究结论进行了全面分析。最后指出关于突破性创新的进一步研究方向。 相似文献
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The effect of certification with the ISO 9000 Quality Management Standard: A signaling approach 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Theory suggests that certification with a management standard may reduce information asymmetries in supply chains and thereby generate a competitive advantage for certified firms. This article uses an 11-year panel of U.S. manufacturing facilities to test whether certification with the ISO 9000 Quality Management Standard generates a competitive advantage. Results suggest that certified facilities grow faster after certification and that operational improvements do not account for this growth. Results also indicate that the growth effect is greater when buyers have greater difficulty acquiring information about suppliers. 相似文献
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Improving total factor productivity (TFP) is essential to achieving high-quality and sustainable economic development. The existing literature mainly focuses on the impact of traditional infrastructure on TFP but generally ignores the role of new digital infrastructure in TFP and does not test impact mechanisms and whether there is heterogeneity in effects. Using panel data of 30 regions in China from 2006 to 2017, this paper analyzes the impact of new digital infrastructure on TFP and its mechanisms. The results are as follows: (1) New digital infrastructure can significantly improve regional TFP. After the robustness test, the results still support the findings. (2) New digital infrastructure can promote technological innovation, optimize factor allocation, and achieve economies of scale, thus improving TFP. (3) Further analysis shows that the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP shows significant heterogeneity. In regions with high economic development levels, high research and development ( R&D) levels, and high traditional infrastructure development levels, the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP is more obvious. These findings not only enrich the literature on digital infrastructure and economic growth but also serve as a reference for governmental departments as they optimize their strategy for developing digital infrastructure and realizing sustainable economic development. 相似文献
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Naciba Haned Caroline Mothe Thuc Uyen Nguyen-Thi 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2014,23(5-6):490-516
Organizational innovation favors technological innovation, but does it also influence persistence in technological innovation? This paper empirically investigates the pattern of technological innovation persistence and tests the potential impact of organizational innovation using firm-level data from three waves of French Community Innovation Surveys. The evidence indicates a positive effect of organizational innovation on persistence in technological innovation, according to the various measures of organizational innovation. Moreover, this impact is more significant for complex innovators, i.e. those who innovate in both products and processes. The results highlight the complexity of managing organizational practices with regard to the technological innovation of firms. They also add to understanding of the drivers of innovation persistence through the focus on an often forgotten dimension of innovation in a broader sense. 相似文献
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Diego Aboal Mario Mondelli Maren Vairo 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(6):616-634
ABSTRACTThe literature on the links between innovation and productivity at the firm level in agriculture is almost nonexistent. In this paper, we analyze the factors behind the innovation effort of farms and the impact that innovation effort has on farm’s productivity, exploiting a unique farm-level agricultural innovation survey carried out in Uruguay. The results indicate that farm size, cooperation with other agents to perform R&D, the education of the owner of the farm, the participation of foreign capital and the existence of links with other organizations, in particular scientific, horizontal and vertical ones, are positively correlated with innovation effort. Public and private financial support are not clearly linked with innovation effort. The innovation effort has a positive effect on farm’s productivity. Some heterogeneities across industries in agriculture are found. 相似文献