基于因子分析、聚类分析对我国居民幸福指数的研究——论国民幸福指数

居民幸福指数作为衡量和评价居民生活质量的重要指数,随着社会经济的不断发展、人民生活质量的不断提高而广受重视。居民幸福指数既反映人民群众的生活状况及质量,又反映人民群众对生活的主观感受。因此,分析幸福指数的评价体系及影响因素,关注人民的生活质量是人类追求幸福、实现全面发展的最好体现,亦是当代学者研究的重点。本文基于因子分析与聚类分析,对我国31个省市进行研究,旨在研究各地常住居民的幸福指数,从而提高当地居民的幸福感。     

湖南省国民幸福指数NHI的统计测度与评价

按照国民幸福指数NHI的基本内涵和相关理论,采用影响因子计算法对湖南省NHI进行统计测度与评价。根据因子分析法确定经济因子、环境因子、人口因子和社会因子四个公共影响因子,利用方差贡献率对各因子置权,测度出2006年湖南省国民幸福指数NHI为36.28%,全国排名第16位。2000-2006年湖南省NHI与人均GDP的变化并不同步,但两者具有高度相关性。在经济水平还未充分发达的情况下,应通过发展经济来改善居民可支配收入,提高湖南省国民幸福程度。     

北京居民幸福指数的编制方法及变动分析

首都经济贸易大学连续三年进行的居民幸福感调查及幸福指数编制的方法,并根据问卷调查数据,从身心健康、物质条件、家庭生活、社会关系和自我价值实现等角度简要介绍了不同人群的幸福感状况及其幸福观。并利用路径分析的方法测定了影响北京市居民幸福程度的主要因素。     

嘉兴城镇居民生活质量的评价测度与实证分析

本文研究嘉兴城镇居民生活质量的评价测度与实证分析。采用了SPSS16.0的因子分析法,对影响嘉兴居民生活质量的因子进行了提取和命名,并进行了因子得分的综合排名。结论是生存环境、公共服务水平以及收入水平是影响嘉兴居民生活质量的三大主要因素。政府应采取有效措施整治环境、抑制物价、提高公共服务水平等,以促进居民生活质量的进一步提高。     

武汉城市居民幸福感的调查研究

武汉城市居民幸福感调查结果显示:受教育程度高的群体比受教育程度低的群体更容易获得幸福体验。幸福感高低与居民的职业、经济收入关联性较高,对住房条件的满意度处于中等偏上的水平,但对医疗、交通、环保、安全等外部环境状况的满意度普遍较低。影响武汉城市居民幸福指数的因素主要包括经济因素、民生因素、人际关系因素和社会因素。提出了以人为本,关注民生,加快"软环境"建设;改善公共服务,完善社会保障体系;转变职能,建立以多数人幸福为目标的和谐社会;加强居民正确的价值观、人生观培养等对策建议。     

探讨薪酬福利管理与员工工作幸福指数的关系

新的时代背景下,随着社会的发展以及人们生活水平的提高,人们日益感受到幸福的重要。在企业中,员工的工作幸福指数是评价员工生活、工作质量的重要指标,并在一定程度上制约着企业的发展。因此,企业应该加大力度提高工人的幸福指数。本文结合双因素激励理论与生活需求理论,对企业工人幸福指数等问题进行了较为细致的分析,并以此提出了加强工人幸福指数的相关措施,希望在增强企业员工向心力的同时提高企业的经济效益。     

旅游社区居民生活满意度影响因素分析

旅游社区作为由旅游景区或旅游资源因素而形成的新形式典型社区,其居民生活满意度的影响因素值得研究。本文在普通居民生活满意度影响因素基础上,探讨了影响旅游社区居民生活满意度的经济、社会、环境及居民本身等因素,并提出提高旅游社区居民生活满意度的措施,将利于丰富居民生活满意度研究内容,利于推动旅游社区和谐可持续的发展。     

提高居民幸福感策略研究

追求幸福是人类社会发展的根本目的,在不同的社会发展阶段,人们都在追求符合当时社会要求的幸福,那么怎么才能实现幸福,提高居民幸福感呢?在了解了影响居民幸福感的因素的基础上,提出了提高居民幸福感的策略:调整收入分配结构,减少收入差距;提高居民收入;改善环境,让居民安居乐业;转变执政理念,建立服务性政府;加强教育引导,建立正确的价值观等五项措施。     

房地产会计核算中存在的问题及解决策略研究

房子对于我们而言是生活中必不可少的物质,也是我们非常看重的资产之一。房子对国人的影响受历史传承文化的影响, 在一定程度上与生活息息相关,和我们的生活水平高低关系紧密,是评估居民生活幸福的重要指数。所以,房地产会计核算工作的 工作准则较之一般会计核算工作更为严格。     

薪酬福利管理与员工工作幸福指数关系探讨

工作幸福指数是员工对自身工作生活质量变化的心理感应,是评价员工生活质量的重要指标。本文结合双因素激励理论与需求理论,对薪酬福利管理与员工工作幸福指数间的关系进行了全面的分析,并提出了提高员工工作幸福指数的相应措施。     

基于城乡社会断裂的中国财政支出政策研究

城乡社会断裂在很大程度上与政府财政城乡差别化支出政策有关。政府财政的差别化支出,造成城乡居民收入断裂、社会保障断裂、科学文化素质断裂、生活环境断裂等。这与国家城乡非均衡发展战略、县乡政府财权与事权不对称、财政支出政策决策过程中农民利益诉求难以有效表达等有关。因此,要以城乡统筹发展为指导,按权责匹配原则改革县乡事权、财权,保障农民在城乡财政分配中的话语权,实现城乡社会和谐发展。     

我国社会保障支出对居民消费需求的影响研究

社会保障支出对居民消费需求产生挤出或挤入效应是最近关注的焦点之一。本文利用1987-2009年的省级面板数据建立了社会保障支出与居民消费需求之间的个体固定效应变截距模型。实证研究结果发现:我国各省市的社会保障制度完善程度不同,间接造成各省市居民消费水平存在巨大差异;社会保障支出的增加对居民消费需求存在显著的挤入效应,有助于扩大居民消费需求。基于实证检验结果,最后针对完善社会保障制度提出相关建议。     

工作幸福感导向的工作要求-控制-支持模型研究述评

个体工作幸福感的提升机制是长期以来理论界关注的热点问题之一,工作特征被认为是影响个体工作幸福感提升的一类关键因素。在工作特征与个体工作幸福感之间关系的研究中,工作幸福感导向的工作要求-控制-支持模型是最具影响力和解释力的一个理论模型,其相关研究把工作特征归结为工作要求、工作控制和与工作相关的社会支持三个方面,并分析了这三个方面对个体工作幸福感影响的综合效应及其相关作用机制。文章在系统地梳理工作幸福感导向的工作要求-控制-支持模型的理论渊源、基本理论假设及其实证研究结果、拓展研究等基础上,指出了后续研究有待进一步探讨的五个方向并提出了相应的研究建议。     

杭州市农民工与城市居民快乐状况实证解析

文章通过对杭州市农民工与城市居民不同时期的快乐感自我评价水平及其影响因素的分析,认为农民工在四个时期的快乐感自我评价水平均显著低于城市居民,且在家庭关系、工作状况、收入、社会地位等四个方面的满意度均显著低于城市居民。对二者苦乐源分布的分析也得到许多有价值的结论,这些结论说明在追求经济的发展中我们依然存在许多偏差,如果能及时有效地纠正这些偏差,对和谐社会建设、实现最大多数人的最大快乐具有重要的促进作用。     

Well-being effects of self-employment: A spatial inquiry

Our paper presents an empirical analysis of entrepreneurial well-being using a large-scale longitudinal household survey from the UK that tracks almost 50,000 individuals across seven waves over the period 2009–2017, as well as a number of exploratory case studies. We contribute to the existing literature by investigating how entrepreneurial well-being varies across locations along the urban-rural continuum, and across wealthy-deprived neighbourhoods. We use a Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) approach to compare the well-being outcomes of individuals who switch into self-employment from waged employment, and show that entrepreneurial well-being, in the form of job satisfaction, is significantly higher for those living in semi-urban locations, relative to those living in urban and rural locations. We argue that semi-urban locations provide an optimal combination of ease of doing business and quality of life. Our results also show that individuals in wealthy neighbourhoods who switch into self-employment experience higher job satisfaction than otherwise comparable individuals living in materially deprived neighbourhoods, although the latter experience greater levels of life satisfaction following the switch.     

New approaches in transportation planning: happiness and transport economics

The measurement of social and psychological phenomena has been advanced by recent progress in the fields of behavioural economics and hedonic psychology. In addition, the increased interest in understanding how individuals perceive their own quality of life, has led to investigating the relations between various macro and individual level variables, generically subsumed as happiness. For many “happiness is considered to be an ultimate goal in life” and it plays an important role in the way people perceive the overall society they live in. Therefore, social scientists and behavioural economists are now stressing the importance of well-being measures, related to people’s evaluations of their quality of life in addition to economic indicators. In the transport sector, project evaluation is mainly based on cost–benefit analyses using economic indicators. However, any provided transportation project/service impacts the quality of the travel experience, the well-being of travellers and their travel behaviour. Competitiveness of modes may be also affected by the promotion of derived or experienced travellers’ well-being. Thus, existing behavioural travel choice models should be enhanced with regards to their behavioural validity incorporating the impacts of travelling happiness/ satisfaction. This study aims to understand and model the impact of stated (anticipated) happiness in the decision choice between a private transport mode—car, and a public transport mode—metro.     

Impact of minimalist practices on consumer happiness and financial well-being

This study assesses the relationship between minimalism, financial well-being, and happiness. The role of age and spirituality and their impact on minimalism, happiness, and financial well-being is also investigated. The upward spiral theory of change posits that making positive lifestyle changes can bring about happiness and well-being and has been used as a theoretical framework. Data is conveniently collected from 343 Pakistani consumers using survey questionnaires and analyzed in SPSS and M Plus software. Results indicate that minimalism directly affects financial well-being, spirituality, and happiness. Similarly, financial well-being also has a direct positive impact on happiness. Minimalism has been found to indirectly effects happiness via financial well-being. Interestingly, age and spirituality have weakened the relationship between minimalism and happiness. In contrast, the role of age as a moderator between minimalism and spirituality is insignificant. This paper provides exciting insights into the relatively new concept of minimalism and its consequences.     

资源型城市全面小康社会指标体系研究

本文认为,资源型城市全面小康社会指标体系的确立应以全面小康社会建设目标为基础,坚持以人为本、全面精简、衔接性以及量化、可行性、“产出”重于“投入”、先进性、突出地域特点等原则。文章选取经济、社会结构、科教、生活质量、社会保障、资源环保等六个子系统共30个评价指标,以中等收入国家水平为依据确定全面小康目标值,并利用层次分析法确定各指标相应权重,最终建立了完整的资源型城市全面小康社会指标体系。参照该指标体系,将某个确定的资源型城市的各项指标实际数值除以全面小康标准参照值,再乘以各自对应权重后加总即可得到该资源型城市全面建设小康社会的实现程度;按各子系统所占权重也可得到各子系统的实现程度,以发现在全面建设小康社会中存在的长处和不足,以便改进。     

中国社会养老保障政策和社会经济政策的协调

影响一个国家社会养老保障需求和供给的因素非常多 ,而它们彼此之间的关系也相当复杂。一个国家社会养老保障制度的性质及其具体运行模式将取决于这个国家的政治和经济制度、经济发展水平和人口状态。另一方面 ,社会养老保障制度和政策的合理性及其运行的效率将会在宏观和微观层面上 ,给政治、社会、经济及人民生活质量带来深刻的影响。在中国社会养老保障制度面临诸多问题和挑战的背景下 ,更需要建立一个科学、高效的综合决策支持体系 ,以协调社会养老保障政策与其他社会经济发展政策之间的关系 ,增强全社会应对人口老龄化挑战的能力     

Materialistic cues make us miserable: A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence for the effects of materialism on individual and societal well-being

Consumer-oriented societies are awash with materialistic messages that link happiness and success to wealth and consumption. However, despite extensive research evidence that dispositional materialistic orientations are correlated with lower well-being, the effects of materialistic cues on the well-being of individuals and social groups have not been examined. The present research meta-analytically reviews the experimental evidence for the causal effects of materialism on two dimensions of well-being: (a) individual and (b) societal. We included 27 independent studies that met the inclusion criteria of priming materialism and measuring well-being (N = 3,649), containing a total of 62 effect sizes. Multilevel modeling revealed that materialism has an effect on both individual (δ = −0.39) and societal well-being (δ = −0.41), suggesting that materialistic cues cause lower well-being. Moderation effects suggested that materialistic cues might have a higher effect on interpersonal well-being than on self-evaluation indicators. We discuss the limitations of the current evidence, highlight the research gaps and underdeveloped areas, and provide recommendations such as minimum sample size for future experimental work, since the advancement of this area will help us to gain a better understanding of the impact of consumer-oriented societies on the well-being of individuals and social groups.