基于创业者知识转移视角的家族企业代际传承模式研究

基于资源和知识理论,本文认为创业者默会知识是家族企业战略性资源,如何实现创业者知识的转移是家族企业代际传承中的核心问题。通过构建一个以创业者默会知识转移为核心的家族企业代际传承模型,本文试图揭示权利继任过程中创业者知识转移内在机理。在家族企业代际传承过程中,创业者知识转移将通过家族企业发展和剩余控制权两个途径对家族代际财富积累产生重大影响。     

家族企业继任准备探讨

未来10年到20年将是中国家族企业所有权和控制权从第一代创业者转至第二代的高峰期。但是大多数中国家族企业并没有为即将到来的接班做好充分的准备,本文从家族企业继任现状入手,分析了继任人和被继任人双方准备的必要性和途径,指出了在继任过程中可能出现的陷阱及规避方法,希望能为中国家族企业的顺利交接提供有益的参考。     

经济转型期浙江家族企业代际传承与持续成长

本文对浙江412户家族企业进行了问卷调查,数据分析显示大部分家族企业尚未进行初次代际传承,在今后5-10年内将出现权杖传承的高峰现象,家族企业也面临着诸多挑战.因此,为促进家族企业成功传承和持续成长,应该健全相关法律法规和社会信用制度,引导家族企业内部管理团队的构建,保障家族企业财产的整体性继承并尽早制定家族企业继任计划等.     

家族企业职业经理人型继任模式选择因素分析

本文立足于我国家族企业成长的现实背景,实证研究了影响职业经理人型继任模式选择的相关因素,并尝试提出家族企业创业团队企业家精神传承的研究方向.     

浙江省家族企业继任调查分析

本文通过对浙江省已经发生继任的128家家族企业所做的问卷调研,具体分析了家族企业的继任特征、前任与继任者的个体特征、继任后家族企业的组织特征,总结家族企业继任实践存在的主要问题,并提出了相关的政策建议。     

家族企业继任理论与模式探讨

本文采用文献回顾的方法对家族企业的继任理论与模式进行了概括总结和归纳.首先阐述了家族企业继任理论的三大理论模型,包括Stavrou四因素模型、M-M-F认知归类路径模型以及Dunn焦虑分析模型.并在此基础上介绍了在实践应用中的三类继任模式:包括内部继任,职业经理人模式以及团队模式.文章的最后对未来家族企业继任问题给予了一些建议.     

浙商企业家代际传承问题探析——以家族企业为例

形成健康良好的浙商企业家代际传承意义重大。目前,浙商家族企业在继任选拔、培养锻炼、社会促进、法律规范、自我提升等代际传承方面还存在继任选拔机制不健全、创业者轻视企业外部历练、政府和社会各界忽视对新生代企业家的培养和成长、法律规范不健全、企业家的自我提升能力不足等问题。浙商家族企业应加快完善继任选拔机制,重视继任者的企业外部历练,政府和社会应为其成长创造良好的外部环境,并健全相关法律法规,以促进其自我提升,从而形成良好的浙商新生代成长机制,提高全省的综合经济实力。     

家族企业代际传承与债务特征

代际传承前充分的制度安排有助于降低权杖交接的事后成本,债务政策如何支持代际传承构成传承前财务安排的重要内容。文章利用正处于代际传承实施期的家族企业十年的面板数据,检验了代际传承前家族企业债务特征变化。研究表明进入代际传承实施期后家族企业表现出更低的资产负债率、更大的长期债务比重以及更高的流动比率,研究还表明控制权与现金流权的分离程度对进入代际传承实施期的家族企业债务特征起到干扰作用。家族企业进入代际传承实施期后倾向于实施风险更低的债务政策。     

对浙江家族企业代际传承问题与建议的思考

浙江家族企业的继承模式一般以代际传承为主。家族企业在代际传承时面临的问题主要有诸子女平分财产与一个子女掌握企业控制权之间的矛盾,长子(女)继承与最有能力子女继承之间的矛盾,继承者的权威树立及缺乏家族继承人等。家族企业的传承直接关系家族企业的生命延续。应注意处理好所有权与控制权之间的关系;建立继承规划,形成科学的接班人自动控制选择制度;对于缺乏权威的继承者应帮助其尽快在企业中树立权威;对于无家族继承者的企业适当引进家族外部人才。     

家族企业继任过程的影响因素研究综述

从微观和宏观两个层面全面地总结国内外有关家族企业继任过程影响因素理论研究的现状,在此基础上给出家族企业继任过程影响因素的综合模型,为国内家族企业继任过程的理论研究和企业的具体继任实践提供参考。     

Managing Family Businesses in Small Communities

Small businesses located in communities with populations of less than 10,000 were identified in a national sample of family businesses and examined for differences in their management strategies (n = 384). These businesses were first clustered by level and type of management strategy and then analyzed to ascertain differences and similarities in both personal and business firm characteristics among the family business manager groupings. Problems associated with small business management and sources of assistance were also identified. Findings suggest that managers of small family businesses located in small U.S. communities who practiced strategies focusing on extensive planning and controlling perceived their businesses to be successful; however, these managers noted that their greatest problem involved development of sound marketing strategies.     

Firm Growth in Family Businesses—The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation and the Entrepreneurial Activity

Previous studies show that growth is an important goal for businesses, but little is known of how the entrepreneurial orientation–performance relationship works in family businesses and how this differs from their nonfamily peers. We examine that and how entrepreneurial activity mediates the relationship in family and nonfamily businesses. Our results on 532 firms show that family businesses benefit from innovative orientation, which is both directly and indirectly associated with firm growth via entrepreneurial activity. This association does not exist in nonfamily businesses. Furthermore, risk taking does not influence family business growth even if it does in nonfamily businesses.     

Financial intermingling in small family businesses

This study examines financial intermingling in small family businesses. We define a family business as one in which at least two family members work and the business is owned and managed by one of the family members. This study compares the determinants of intermingling in family and non-family businesses. The empirical results show that family businesses are not significantly different from non-family businesses in terms of intermingling once other business and household characteristics are controlled for. For both family and non-family businesses, differences in financial intermingling are primarily characterized by differences in business characteristics and household net worth. We conclude that intermingling of household and business financial resources are probably more influenced by business characteristics and household net worth than by other household characteristics or whether a business is a family business.     

中美家族企业演进过程的比较及对我国的启示

家族企业是企业组织的一种模式,在世界各国经济建设中发挥着重要作用。本文通过对中美家族企业的演进过程进行比较分析,从中得到对我国当前家族企业发展的一些启示。     

家族涉入、家族理性与家族企业目标偏好——基于一项比较案例的探索

家族涉入是家族企业的基本特征,它影响了家族社会资本的结构分布,进而决定了家族理性的效用构成,并通过对家族企业二元目标的不同偏好表现出来。其中,家族理性反映为家族企业对家族整体责任的兼顾,二元目标指的是对企业即期利润的追求以及对家族非货币化利益的追求。这种家族涉入决定家族理性,家族理性体现家族企业目标偏好的理论构念,通过一项比较案例分析得以验证。案例中的两家家族企业背景相似,但由于企业传承上的不同选择影响了家族涉入情况,进而两家企业表现出显著的经营目标差异。     

Family Matters? Recruitment Methods and Cultural Boundaries in Singapore Chinese Small and Medium Enterprises

Singapore official discourse speaks of (Chinese) families as both cultural and economic assets and as vestiges of national identity. Chinese families are often described in traditional terms, namely as patrilinial, patrilocal, patriarchal and clearly hierarchical. In Singapore official discourse, the historical success of traditional family businesses is presented as a unique ethnic and national characteristic. Simultaneously, the Singapore state claims to be ‘modern’, ‘Western’, and ‘cosmopolitan’, allowing little space for ‘parochial practices’ and ‘archaic traditions’. Either praised or looked down on, family businesses occupy an ambiguous position within the ‘traditional’ and ‘modern’ discourses of the Singapore state. This article supplies the evidence of changing family and business relations in Chinese–Singapore firms. Three major factors are isolated that influence Singapore attitudes towards family businesses: Chinese culture, globalization and the logic of developing capitalism, and the role of the Singapore state.     

Conceptualizing cross-country analyses of family firms: A systematic review and future research agenda

The national context in which family firms operate influences their behavior and firm-related outcomes. Especially how and why family businesses differ across contexts has therefore received growing interest. Yet, the insights on family businesses across countries remain fragmented and lack integration, especially regarding how the cross-country context is operationalized. Building on comparative cross-national research, this review aims to bridge the disciplines of international business and family business. I analyze the current field of cross-country family business research building on a systematic literature review of 105 peer-reviewed studies in the period 2000–2020 with the goal to collect and structure the current body of knowledge and build a future research agenda. The findings highlight different approaches that family business research utilizes to operationalize “cross-country” elements, outlining how research applies direct comparisons between countries and comparisons based upon theoretical perspectives. Building upon this conceptualization of cross-country operationalizations, the study provides several new avenues for future research.     

家族企业社会责任与企业绩效:内部能力与外部关系的调节效应

文章利用浙江和重庆两地351家家族企业调查数据,在将家族企业社会责任区分为内部人责任、外部人责任和公共责任的基础上,实证检验了家族企业社会责任与企业绩效关系及内部能力和外部关系的调节效应.结果显示:第一,高内部能力(制造能力、吸收能力)家族企业内部人责任对绩效的影响更大;高吸收能力家族企业公共责任对绩效的影响更小;具有丰富外部关系(高密度、大范围关系网络)家族企业外部人责任对绩效的影响更大.第二,高内部能力家族企业中,内部人责任对绩效有显著的正向影响,公共责任对绩效有显著的负向影响.低吸收能力家族企业中,内部人责任对绩效有显著的负向影响;具有低密度关系网络家族企业中,内部人责任对绩效有显著的正向影响,公共责任对绩效有显著的负向影响;具有大范围关系网络家族企业中,公共责任对绩效有显著的负向影响.     

Capital structure decision making: A model for family business

Most theoretical and empirical studies of capital structure focus on public corporations. Only a limited number of studies on capital structure have been conducted on small-to-medium size enterprises (SMEs), and this deficiency is particularly evident in investigations into factors that influence funding decisions of family business owners.Theory indicates that there is a complex array of factors that influence SME owner-managers' financing decisions. Recent family business literature suggests that these processes are influenced by firm owners' attitudes toward the utility of debt as a form of funding as moderated by external environmental conditions (e.g., financial and market considerations).A number of other factors have been shown to influence financing decisions including culture; entrepreneurial characteristics; entrepreneurs' prior experiences in capital structure; business goals; business life-cycle issues; preferred ownership structures; views regarding control, debt–equity ratios, and short- vs. long-term debt; age and size of the firm; sources of funding for growth; attitudes toward debt financing; issues relating to independence and control; and perceived risk and attitudes toward personal risk.Although these factors have been identified, until now there does not appear to have been any attempts to develop empirically-based models that show relationships between these factors and family business owners' financing decisions. Utilizing theories derived from divergent disciplines, this study develops an empirically tested structural equation model of financing antecedents of family businesses. Participants of our study involved a random sample of 5000 business owners who were mailed a 250-item Australian Family and Private Business questionnaire developed specifically for this investigation.Notably, our findings reveal that firm size, family control, business planning, and business objectives are significantly associated with debt. Small family businesses and owners who do not have formal planning processes in place tend to rely on family loans as a source of finance. However, family businesses in the service industry (e.g., retailers and wholesalers) are less likely to use family loans as are those owners who are planning to achieve growth through new products or process development. Use of capital and retained profits is likely for family businesses planning to achieve growth through an increase in sales but less is likely for family businesses in the manufacturing sector and lifestyle firms. In addition, debt and family loans are negatively related to capital and retained profits. Equity is a consideration for owners of large businesses, young firms, and owners who plan to achieve growth through increasing profit margins. However, equity is less likely to be a consideration for older family business owners and owners who have a preference for retaining family control.Our findings suggest that the interplay between multiple social, family, and financial factors is complex. In addition, our findings indicate the importance of utilizing theories that also help to explain behavioral factors (e.g., owners' needs to be in control) that affect financial structure decision-making processes. Practitioners and researchers should consider the dynamic interplay among business characteristics (e.g., size or industry), behavioral aspects of business financing (e.g., business objectives), and financial factors (e.g., gearing levels) when working with and researching family enterprises.     

Socially Responsible Processes of Small Family Business Owners: Exploratory Evidence from the National Family Business Survey

The purpose of this exploratory study is to ascertain the impact of family, business, and community factors on the socially responsible processes of small family businesses, and investigate the influence of financial success and attitudes toward community on these processes. The research is grounded in the Sustainable Family Business Theory, which has been enhanced to include the interactive and collaborative action, both economically and socially, of family businesses and their communities. Data are from the National Family Business Survey, 2000 panel. The processes studied include interpersonal transactions in the form of community leadership and holding an elected or appointed office, and resource transactions in the form of providing financial or technical assistance in community development, and providing donations to local programs. Models assessed the probability and intensity of assistance provided by family businesses. The findings indicate that the social and economic climate of the community may contribute to the performance of responsible actions by businesses because human, social and financial capital resources from both the family and the business can be used to solve problems in the community. The most robust result was that individuals with very positive attitudes about their local communities were more likely to serve in leadership positions and make financial and technical contributions to the community. Business owners in economically vulnerable communities were willing to assume more responsibility to fill leadership positions in the community and make substantial contributions of financial and technical assistance than those in less vulnerable communities. Policymakers must recognize the many contributions of family businesses and forge rural developmentpolicies that not only help sustain existing businesses and fuel the engine of economic growth, but encourage human capital development, and, in turn, enhance the contributions of the family and the business to their community.