我国上市银行综合业绩评价——基于主成分分析方法的实证研究

本文利用主成分分析方法对我国14家上市银行2001—2008年的综合业绩进行了静态和动态实证分析,结果表明：国有商业银行股份制改革后,综合业绩大幅提高,抗风险能力大大增强;股份制商业银行综合业绩增长缓慢,抗风险能力较弱。而城市商业银行综合业绩增长潜力巨大,在金融危机中表现出了较强的抗风险能力。     

Social reporting by islamic banks

The last thirty years have witnessed the appearance and rapid expansion of Islamic banking both inside and outside the Islamic world. Islamic banks provide financial products that do not violate Sharia , the Islamic law of human conduct. The Islamic principles upon which the banks claim to operate give an important role to social issues. Applying these principles, we develop a benchmark set of social disclosures appropriate to Islamic banks. These are then compared, using a disclosure index approach, the actual social disclosures contained in the annual reports of twenty-nine Islamic banks (located in sixteen countries) to this benchmark. In addition, content analysis is undertaken to measure the volume of social disclosures. Our analysis suggests that social reporting by Islamic banks falls significantly short of our expectations. The results of the analysis also suggest that banks required to pay the Islamic religious tax Zakah provide more social disclosures than banks not subject to Zakah .     

浙江省金融结构与经济增长关系的实证研究

本文采用浙江省1990～2007年的宏观经济数据,运用主成分分析法,构建了两个衡量浙江金融结构的因子,并将它们与经济增长指标置于同一模型进行回归分析后发现:金融总量因子与浙江的经济增长率、投资率呈显著的负相关关系.而金融效率因子不仅有利于浙江经济增长率的提升,还可以带动投资水平的增加;浙江经济增长与两大因子均正相关,且与金融效率因子的关系更显著.在格兰杰因果关系检验中,金融效率的提高是经济增长的单向格兰杰原因,而经济增长则是金融总量提高的单向格兰杰原因.实证结果表明,注重金融效率、发展直接融资市场,优化投资渠道以及合理配置金融资源将有助于浙江经济增长.     

基于Fisher判别法的P2P网络借贷平台信誉等级评价模型

P2P网络借贷是一种新兴的互联网金融,平台的信誉是影响投资者选择平台的主要影响因素之一。选取成交积分、人气积分、营收积分、分散积分、杠杆积分、透明度、品牌、流动性、收益积分9个影响因素作为判别平台等级预测的评价指标,同时对这9个评价指标做主成分分析,提取出3个主要成分,用Fisher判别法进行训练预测,建立了基于主成分分析的网络借贷平台信誉等级预测的Fisher判别模型。通过对“网贷之家”公布的37组平台数据作为训练样本数据集进行模型的训练,12组数据作为该预测模型的测试数据,进行网络借贷平台信誉等级的预测,同时通过其他预测模型预测结果的对比,验证了Fisher判别法在网络借贷平台信誉等级的预测中具有较低的误判率,其误判率仅为1/12。     

The German Capital Markets Model Case Act (KapMuG): a European role model for increasing the efficiency of capital markets? Analysis and suggestions for reform

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of the sovereign credit ratings provided by the three major rating agencies: Fitch Ratings, Moody’s and Standard and Poor. A principal component analysis is employed in order to identify the common factors affecting these ratings. The impact of the variables correlated with these factors on ratings is then assessed through an ordered logistic model. Results show that sovereign ratings are mostly influenced by per capita income, government income, real exchange rate changes, inflation rate and default history. The study also highlights the importance of corruption, as measured by Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index, which appears as a proxy for both economic development and the quality of the governance of a country.     

The Influence of Management Accounting Departments Within German Municipal Administrations

The achievement of better performance from municipal administrations is an ongoing challenge. We use the contingency theory perspective, which concentrates on the specific environmental settings of organisations, to examine the influence of management accounting departments within German municipal administrations. Our findings indicate that as the size of municipalities increases, the level of their administrative performance decreases. We additionally show that this negative effect can be mitigated when management accounting is seen as being highly relevant and when the management accounting department performs well. Furthermore, a comparison of the accounting systems (cash versus accrual accounting) used in municipal administrations reveals that a successful working management accounting department can only exert a positive effect when the municipal administration acts under an accrual accounting regime.     

The procyclicality of loan loss provisions in Islamic banks

From a sample of Islamic banks around the world from 1997 to 2012, this paper examines whether loan loss provisioning in Islamic banks is procyclical. Our empirical findings highlight that loan loss provisioning in Islamic banks remains procyclical, although the ‘expected’ loan loss model (E-LLM) has been implemented for Islamic banks in several countries. A closer investigation further documents that Islamic banks also use loan loss provisions for discretionary managerial actions, especially related to capital management in which loan loss reserves and provisions are inflated when bank capitalization declines. Eventually, this paper highlights that higher capitalization can mitigate the procyclicality of loan loss provisions in Islamic banks. In other words, loan loss provisioning becomes countercyclical for Islamic banks with higher capitalization. This paper therefore casts doubts on the adoption of the E-LLM for Islamic banks to promote countercyclical effects, because the E-LLM may be influenced by managerial discretion, including opportunistic capital management using loan loss provisions that may undermine the importance of maintaining bank capitalization.     

结构异质性对中国能源高质量发展的影响研究

基于结构异质性对能源高质量发展影响的理论分析,使用稀疏主成分分析方法测度中国能源高质量发展水平,构建中国和八大经济区域面板分位数回归模型,实证研究了结构异质性对中国能源高质量发展的影响。结果表明：2003—2020年中国能源高质量发展水平有所提升,但仍存在明显的区域发展不平衡问题,西部地区和北部沿海地区的能源高质量发展水平更高。产业结构与能源高质量发展水平呈负相关关系,能源消费结构、资本配置结构与能源高质量发展水平呈正相关关系。     

The regulations–risk taking nexus under competitive pressure: What about the Islamic banking system?

Does market power condition the effect of bank regulations and supervision on bank risk taking? We focus on three regulatory tools: capital requirements, the restriction of activities, and official supervisory powers. Employing 10 years of unbalanced panel data on 123 Islamic and conventional banks operating in the Middle East and Asia, we arrive at the following conclusions. First, banking market power strengthens the negative impact of capital regulation on bank risk taking. Second, our empirical results suggest that the negative effect of activity restrictions on stability is diminished when banks have greater market power. Finally, we do not find strong evidence that the negative effect of supervisory power on banks’ risk taking is conditioned by their competitive behavior. In further analysis, we differentiate between Islamic and conventional banks regarding their competition, as well as their risk behavior. The results differ according to the banking business model. These findings could be useful for bank regulators in light of the accomplishment of Islamic banks’ regulatory framework. Indeed, the adoption of Basel III represents a significant regulatory challenge, given that it does not take into account the specificities of Islamic banks.