The development of industrial clusters and public policy

This paper assesses the relationships between public policy and the development of industrial clusters. A conceptual model of the relationship between public policies and the development of industrial clusters is developed and tested using data from 43 European industrial clusters. The results indicate that most government policies have no significant impact on the growth of industrial clusters or for the development of co-operation within industrial clusters. There is limited evidence that packages of government policies that are specifically geared towards improving the local asset base are effective in overcoming obstacles to growth of industrial clusters. However, when age is used as a control variable the weak relationship between policy packages and growth of industrial clusters disappear. The results indicate that individual and packages of public policies are not strongly connected to either high levels of co-operation, or high growth in industrial clusters. Moreover, no clear evidence was found that high levels of co-operation were associated with growth in industrial districts. In the light of the failure to find clear-cut associations between public policies and the development of industrial clusters the paper outlines a research agenda to help to increase our understanding of these issues.     

美国蔬菜产业的扶持政策

介绍了美国蔬菜生产的概况。通过对美国零散分布于相关农业政策中有关蔬菜生产扶持的政策进行提炼和分析,介绍了美国对蔬菜生产进行扶持的主要措施与做法。     

Analysis of U.S. theme park selection and international implications

ABSTRACT

Theme parks face stiff competition in local and international markets. Theme parks tend to create competitive advantages in the market by investing in different factors which influence visitors’ selection of a theme park. Theme parks attract visitors from all nationalities. The purpose of this study was to explore six influencing factors on U.S. theme park visitors’ choice that can be applicable in different geographic positioning parks. A choice-based conjoint (CBC) model was designed with respective levels for six considered influencing factors: type of park, price, distance from accommodation, children friendly, and online reviews. The findings revealed that online reviews were the most important relative factor followed closely by price and type of theme park. The other factors shared a lower relative importance. CBC analysis results generated the best and the worst profile for theme parks, which can serve as a guide theme park managers as they invest and plan strategically for success. Results of this study of U.S. parks but as theme parks are targeted toward similar populations the results could have implications internationally.     

美军射频识别技术应用特点及存在的问题

分析了美军射频识别应用特点及存在的问题,为我军现代化军事物流的建设发展提供参考借鉴。     

美军联合电子战中管理职能探析

美军认为,信息化战争中把握好联合电子战运行过程中的关节点对顺利实施电子攻防起着事半功倍的作用。本文结合管理理论,对美军联合作战条令中电子战的理论和实施进行了研究,以期对我军电子战的实施和管理提供参考。     

美军配送式物流中应用多式联运的研究

美军作为配送式后勤的先行者,在多式联运方面积累了丰富经验。首先分析了多式联运在美军配送体系中的作用,接着从5个方面论述了美军运用多式联运的实践经验。     

浅析美军联合军官管理制度发展

随着诸军种联合作战的规模和频率不断增加,为改进联合作战能力,美军对联合作战指挥结构进行了改革,出台了联合军官管理制度,对联合军官的选拔、教育和晋升等作出了具体的规定。     

Asymmetric volatility connectedness among U.S. stock sectors

This paper examines the dynamic asymmetric volatility connectedness among ten U.S. stock sectors (Consumer Goods, Consumer Services, Financials, Health Care, Materials, Oil and Gas, Technology, Telecom, Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT), and Utilities). We use the methodology of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012, 2014, 2016) and the realized semivariances introduced by Baruník et al. (2017) to five-minute data. The results show evidence of time-varying spillovers among U.S. stock sectors which is intensified during economic, energy and geopolitical events. Moreover, the spillovers under bad volatility dominates the spillovers under good volatility, supporting evidence of asymmetry. Financials, Materials, Oil and Gas, REIT, Technology, Telecom and Utilities are net receiver of spillover under good volatility (positive semivariance). In contrast, Oil and Gas shift to net contributor of spillover under bad volatility (negative semivariance). Moreover, the connectedness network among sectors exhibits asymmetric behaviors. These results have important implications for risk management.     

美军网络媒体价值透视

美军网站的影响力大,功能性强,在宣传、沟通、服务、监督等方面都发挥着重要的作用,成为美军公共事务活动中的重要部分。根据不同的受众群体,美军网站体现出不同的媒体价值功能。     

美国物流法律制度特点及对我国的启示

介绍了美国物流法律制度的立法模式、特点、发展阶段及内容,以及我国物流法律制度的发展现状及存在的问题,最后借鉴美国经验,提出了完善我国物流法律制度的建议。     

浅析美军供应链保障模式及对我军的启示

精确、及时、高效的后勤保障是夺取现代战争的关键因素。美军利用供应链理论。借鉴现代物流企业先进的供应链管理理念，优化其物流系统，使其后勤保障系统不断成熟与发展，实现了适时、适地、适量的后勤保障。美军应用供应链理论的成功经验及其存在的不足为我军提供了有益的启示。     

美国物流六十年及启示

回顾了物流在美国的发展和研究状况,从历史和学术研究史的角度看,对深入认识物流的本质和未来发展趋势都有着重要的作用。同时,美国物流的发展史对我国的物流发展也有着积极的借鉴作用。     

Forecast combination for U.S. recessions with real-time data

This paper proposes the use of forecast combination to improve predictive accuracy in forecasting the U.S. business cycle index, as published by the Business Cycle Dating Committee of the NBER. It focuses on one-step ahead out-of-sample monthly forecast utilising the well-established coincident indicators and yield curve models, allowing for dynamics and real-time data revisions. Forecast combinations use log-score and quadratic-score based weights, which change over time. This paper finds that forecast accuracy improves when combining the probability forecasts of both the coincident indicators model and the yield curve model, compared to each model's own forecasting performance.     

美军射频识别技术应用现状及存在的主要问题

研究美军射频识别技术的应用情况及存在的主要问题,对于我军科学合理地使用该技术,避免类似问题的发生具有一定的借鉴和启示作用。通过介绍美军射频识别技术应用的基本情况和各军种进行的尝试性应用,全面分析技术应用上存在的主要问题,可以看出,美军利用已建成的射频识别网络,提高了后勤保障的质量效益,但也存在一些比较突出的问题,影响制约了射频识别技术作用的发挥。     

美军未来地面运输装备前瞻

现代科技与人类创造力的完善结合创造出许多极富想象力的现代机械,文章介绍了四种将在未来装备美军的地面运输装备,包括未来战斗系统中的后勤机器人车辆、未来战术卡车系统、机械外骨骼、仿生学机器人,它们不仅是可以高效完成战场运输任务的运输机械．更是美军科研创新体制先进性的证明,其研发思路和功能运用对我军相关研究具有启示和借鉴作用。     

The J-Curve: Evidence from commodity trade between Canada and the U.S.

Several studies in the literature have tried to assess the impact of real depreciation of the Canadian dollar on the Canadian trade balance. They have either relied on the trade data between Canada and the rest of the world or between Canada and her major trading partners. In this paper we consider the trade between Canada and her major trading partner, the U.S. However, unlike previous research, we disaggregate the trade data between the two countries by commodity. We use export and import data over the period 1962–2004 from 152 commodities and the bounds testing approach to cointegration and error-correction modeling and show that real depreciation of the Canadian dollar has short-run effects on the trade balance of two-thirds of the industries. However, only in 50% of the industries, the short-run effects translate into the long-run favorable effects.

公众参与及美国城市规划制度的发展

城市规划中公众参与的发展过程与市民运动以及政府行政改革的兴起密切相关.从20世纪60年代在英美等西方发达国家的起步发展到现在,不仅公众参与的社会环境发生了深刻的变化,而且参与活动本身在形式、参与程度等方面与初期相比都发生了极大的变化,进而也对原有的城市规划制度产生了各种深远的影响.回顾美国城市规划中公众参与的发展历程,分析公众参与的主要形式和内容,总结公众参与的主要特点及其发展中的问题,进而探讨公众参与对规划制度的影响以及今后的发展趋势.     

借鉴美军经验 推进装备维修管理费规范化管理

针对我军装备维修管理费管理工作中存在的预算编制不完善、执行随意性大,预算调整、经费会计核算及监督与内控不规范等问题,在对美军装备维修费管理特点分析的基础上,给出了推进我军装备维修管理费规范化管理的启示和建议。     

今日中美高校学生事务管理比较与展望

美国是高等教育最发达的国家之一,学生事务管理也走在世界前列,其工作理念先进、体系完整、专业化程度高。本文就当今中美高校学生事务发展背景、管理方式和内容、管理队伍等方面的差异进行总结和分析,比较和借鉴中展望我国学生工作的发展趋势。     

Public inputs and dynamic producer behavior: endogenous growth in U.S. agriculture

This paper is an attempt to understand the impact of public R&D and public infrastructure on the performance of the U.S. agricultural sector during the last part of the twentieth century. A neoclassical Solow growth model is not sufficient for this understanding given the sustained growth performance of the sector. We base our analysis on a well-known endogenous growth model, the ‘AK model’ where non-convexities are introduced through non-rival inputs. Based on these models and within the dynamic models that rationalize private and public decision making, we have identified three testable hypotheses regarding the aggregate agricultural production technology. They are: (1) increasing returns to scale over all inputs; (2) positive effect of additional units of public inputs on the long-run demand for private capital; and (3) negative impact of public inputs on cost. They are tested using two estimation procedures on two data sets for U.S. agriculture. One, covering the period 1948–1994, developed by USDA, the other, covering the period 1926–1990, from Thirtle et al. Maximum likelihood estimates do not conform to the regularity and behavioral properties of the economic model rendering them unusable for testing these hypotheses. Bayesian estimates, although not totally satisfactory, do not reject the hypotheses after prior imposition of some of the regularity conditions. This supports the notion of an important role for public inputs on the rapid and sustained growth of the sector. We calculate that, on average, one additional dollar spent on public R&D stock reduces private cost by $6.5, implying a return on these public expenses of 190%.