统筹城乡发展中的效率与公平

文章考察了我国城乡关系发展三阶段中效率与公平状况的变迁,分析了计划体制下的城市偏向战略与效率公平的双重损失、市场化改革进程中城乡关系的调整,以及效率与公平的失衡等问题,探讨了在统筹城乡发展新阶段中如何兼顾效率与公平的对策措施;提出要继续推进城乡市场化改革,实现城乡要素市场的统一、协调发展,加大国家对农业、农村和农民转移支付的力度,逐步过渡到工业反哺农业、城市反哺农村的新阶段等政策建议。     

机械工业企业发展“三产”的技术经济政策研究

机械工业企业发展第三产业,对深化机械工业企业改革、促进国民经济发展,具有重要意义。但机械工业企业发展第三产业要有相应的机制,它需要环境机制、激励机制、约束机制、多渠道的资金来源和制度保证。一、发展机械工业企业“三产”的环境机制第三产业必须在经济市场化环境下才能得以发展。因此,必须按照市场取向,加快改革,建立新的运行机制。1．经济运行市场化。大力推进经济活动和经济要素的商品化、货币化、市场化进程;要着力引进市场竞争机制,采用规范的市场交易制度,形成市场化的价格体系,培育符合国际惯例的、统～化的、商…     

农村全面建设小康社会的分析与思考——以山西为例

从经济发展、社会发展和人民生活质量等方面解读了山西农村全面建设小康社会的进程,剖析了山西农村全面建设小康社会的难点,提出大力发展农村经济,促进城乡协调发展,提高劳动力素质,加大生态环境建设与自然资源保护力度,推进民主法制建设等切实可行的建议。     

关于小城镇建设问题的思考

乡镇企业的发展必然带动小城镇的建设与发展,乡镇企业与小城镇建设的相互结合,将有力地促进农村劳动力实现当地就业,缩小城乡差别。小城镇的聚集功能、经济带动、辐射功能和吸纳农村剩余劳动力、农民增收诸多功能日益显著。大力发展小城镇推进城镇化进程这是有效解决“三农问题”促进经济良性循环和社会经济协调发展,实现全面建设小康社会目标的有力措施。     

浅析农村市场体系建设

农村市场体系建设是农业和农村市场化改革与发展的结晶,也是发展现代农业、建设社会主义新农村的重要保证。加强农村市场体系建设是推进农业产业化、促进城乡协调发展、加快社会主义新农村建设步伐的需要。     

要素流动视角下数字经济与区域经济的包容性增长效应

文章利用2011—2019年中国286个地级及以上城市面板数据，首先刻画了各城市数字经济、要素流动以及区域经济差距的时空演变特征，发现数字经济与要素流动的交互影响成为决定区域经济发展潜力的又一重要力量。此后，文章借助于包容性增长框架，采用工具变量法以及“宽带中国”的准自然实验法实证检验了数字经济、要素流动与区域协调发展三者之间的因果关系。结果表明，数字经济通过强化要素的双向自由流动实现了区域的协调发展。但数字经济的这种调节效应主要与资本的迁入以及技术的扩散有关，通过劳动力迁移所发挥的调节效应尚不明显。就数字经济促进区域协调发展的异质性表现来看，数字经济所带来的包容性增长效应在基础设施水平、城市创新水平以及市场化水平偏高的地区表现更为突出。基于此，以基础设施建设为抓手、以创新能力的提升为驱动，以要素市场化改革为保障，加快推进数字中国建设，畅通要素流动对于实现区域协调发展意义重大。     

珠江三角洲城市区域空间演化研究

行政区划调整既是城市化发展的结果,也是管窥和衡量城市化发展阶段的重要标志。以珠三角行政区划调整为主线,从历史视角回顾了珠三角城市区域空间演化的过程,并总结归纳出若干特征。改革开放以来,珠三角城市区域空间演化可分为三个阶段：从单中心城市到城镇密集区,从城市密集区到城市群,从城市群到大都市区（或都市连绵区）。空间演化主要特征包括：“外引内联型”要素配置模式,自下而上的“内部膨胀型”空间演化模式,正式的行政区划调整和非正式的区域协调机制相结合的“双轨制”区域治理演化模式等。随着城市化的快速发展,珠三角城市区域应逐步从强调城市竞争的“行政区经济”向提倡合作的大都市区治理转变。     

制度创新与区域经济一体化

经济一体化的实质是市场一体化 ,区域经济的协调发展过程实质上就是区域制度不断创新的过程 ,制度创新的目的就是为加速经济的市场化进程 ,实现资源的合理配置。纵观各地区经济的协调发展过程以及国际经济一体化的进程可知 :经济一体化是在制度创新的条件下逐渐发展的。本文基于理论分析和实践经验的借鉴 ,从制度创新的角度论述了促进区域经济一体化发展所必须的制度安排 ,即从宏观 (国家 )层面要建立有权威的组织保障体系 ;中观 (行业 )层面要建立跨行政区的行业协会 ;微观 (企业 )层面要加快不同地区间企业的制度整合     

城市农民工收入与就业矛盾及政策调整

一、城市经济利用低成本 农民工获得快速发展 中国经济市场化改革以前,城市化是以严格限制农村人口流入城市的制度安排为基础进行的。市场化改革以后,劳动力流动及劳动力供求的市场机制力量不断增大,阻挡农村劳动力进入城市的隔离墙被打破。大批农民进入城市,加入到城市工业化劳动大军中。城市经济市场化进程不断推进,给农民带来进城劳动挣取较高收入的机会,改变了很多农民的命运。城市经济的市场化,不只是使农民获     

数字化技术促进全要素生产率的作用机制与作用研究——以珠三角为例

<正>文章选用2007-2019年珠三角城市A股制造业上市公司和珠三角城市统计年鉴数据,实证分析了数字化技术对珠三角地区上市企业全要素生产率的影响。研究表明：数字化技术对珠三角企业全要素生产率的提升有一定的促进作用,数字化技术发展水平每提高1%,珠三角企业全要素生产率提升近0.10%;在企业所有制性质不同的情况下,     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...