Maximizing Profits for a Multi-Category Catalog Retailer

It is a common trend in the retail industry for catalog retailers to mail multiple catalogs, each promoting different product categories. The existing catalog mailing models do not address the issue of optimizing multi-category catalog mailing. We address this research gap by introducing a model that integrates the when and what components of a customer's purchase decision into the how much component (number of catalogs) of a firm's cross-selling strategy. In addition to comparing the impact of category-specific versus full product catalogs in generating sales in a specific category, the study also finds relative impacts of various category-specific catalogs. We jointly estimate the probability of purchase and purchase amounts in multiple product categories by using multivariate proportional hazard model (MVPHM) and a regression based purchase amount model in a Hierarchical Bayesian framework. The model accounts for unobserved heterogeneity, and uses a control function (CF) approach to account for endogeneity in catalog mailing. The results from the Genetic Algorithm (GA) based optimization suggest that the catalog mailing policy as per the proposed model would be able to generate 38.4 percent more customer lifetime value (CLV) from a sample of 10 percent of the households as compared to the current catalog mailing policy of the retailer by reallocation of the catalogs across customers and mailing periods based on their propensity to buy.     

煤企从产品制造商向解决方案供应商转型探讨

技术进步和供应链管理的发展加剧了产品制造企业的竞争,供应商必须结合煤炭行业产品生产与消费的特殊性。制定实施转型的策略和方法。     

Retailer use of a professional social media network: Insights from franchising

The adoption and use of a professional social media network by franchise chains is the focus of this paper. We draw on resource-based theory, institutional economic theories of incentives and externalities and multidisciplinary literatures on franchising, innovation adoption and interorganizational communication to link (i) franchisor characteristics and partnering strategies to the adoption and use of a professional social media network and (ii) the extent of use of this network by a franchisor to the number of followers of its network page. Hypotheses are empirically assessed using data on 500 US franchise chains from Entrepreneur’s Annual Franchise 500 for 2011, content analysis of LinkedIn pages for 317 franchise chains in 2011 and number of followers in 2015. One key finding is that franchisor adoption of LinkedIn is positively influenced by franchise chain size, franchising fees and franchisor marketing communications and negatively affected by franchise concept complexity. A second important finding is that, among franchisors who adopt LinkedIn, the extent of use of LinkedIn is positively impacted by franchise chain size, franchising fees and negatively affected by franchise chain age. A third notable finding is that the number of followers of a franchisor’s LinkedIn page in the short term is positively impacted by the extent of information about franchise chain and recruitment. A fourth key finding is that the number of followers in the longer term (2015) is positively impacted by whether the franchisor had a presence on LinkedIn in 2011 and, for these franchisors, by the number of followers in 2011.     

Retailer Dominance and Quality Variation: Observations and a Theoretical Explanation

A number of consumer and business reports suggest that slightly lower quality (or feature) versions of products are being sold through dominant retailers, while higher quality versions continue to be sold through weaker retailers and, customers are uninformed about such subtle differences. We study two intriguing questions based on this phenomenon namely (1.) why are lower quality-lower priced versions sold primarily through dominant retailers and not the weaker retailers? (2.) Why do sometimes the weaker retailers not inform customers about these quality differences? Using a game theoretic model, we find that when quality is noncontractible an increase in retail dominance leads to a decrease in quality offered by the dominant retailer vis-à-vis the weaker retailer. However, we show that the weaker retailer does not have an incentive to advertise its higher quality if quality differences are not too high. This situation arises endogenously when the dominant retailer is not too powerful as compared to the weaker retailer or when retail differentiation is high. The motivation for this result is traced to the threat of increased competition in the event of such advertising.     

零售商数据资产外部价值分析

零售商每天都在产生大量的POS小票数据和会员数据,这些数据不仅具有应用价值,也具有经济价值,具有外部变现的可能性,它与尼尔森、凯度等同类研究数据相比有深度和细颗粒度的优势,对于供应商而言,零售商数据有助于弥补供应商数据的结构缺陷,有助于更全面的用户画像,有助于小众商品市场分析、新品推广以及自有会员的管理和评估。     

我国零售业竞争取胜的法宝——核心竞争力分析(中)

<正>二、卖场布局及商品配置 零售业,特别是超市业所获利润的多少,取决于顾客在店内的停留时间以及顾客游离时接触到商品的多少。有效地诱导顾客,最大限度地延长顾客在店内的行走距离,创造使其能欣赏到更多的商品的布局环境,是卖场管理的重点,也是摆在零售企业经营者面前的一个难题。国外零售企业经过长期的研究和实践摸索出的卖场布局和商品配置三原理,即“客导线、主辅通道、磁石效应卖场”,成为解答这一难题的有效处方。 “客导线、主辅通道、磁石效应卖场”的宗旨是     

A Comprehensive Model of Independent Retailer Promotion Decision Making

The focus of this study was an exploratory investiga- tion of the promotion decision making processes of the executives of small business, independent retailers. The goals were to develop a potentially generalizable model of these processes and to assess the applicability of protocol analysis as an appropriate methodology. A potentially generalizable model was constructed and preliminarily validated by practitioners. The protocol method proved to be ap- propriate in providing the necessary model building information.     

延期支付条件下零售商最优支付策略

在延期支付条件下考虑价格折扣的库存模型基础上,进一步考虑通货膨胀对库存系统的影响。通过对一些中小零售商支付情况进行调研分析,建立了货到付款和延期支付两种支付方式下的库存模型,由模型的最优解来确定零售商最优的支付时间。通过算例分析验证了结论,为零售商做出最优支付时间策略提供理论依据。     

零售商品牌资产形成机制及其理论模型

零售商品牌资产的形成机制反映了零售商品牌价值链与宏微观零售营销环境要素的作用关系。根据参与要素范围及内容结构的不同,零售商品牌资产的形成机制被分成宏观机制与微观机制,并表现为不同的理论模型。对理论模型中关键驱动要素的深入分析,有利于为零售商品牌资产建设提供有益建议。     

看昆山招商

昆山是江苏省的一个县级市。截至2001年5月,累计批准外资项目2000多个,开工投产企业超过1000家,有56个国家和地区的客商前来投资,合同外资108亿美元,实际到账48亿美元,其中台资占一半左右,成为继广东东莞和福建厦门之后又一个台商投资密集区。外商青睐为哪般?做好扎实工作,打好服务品牌,不断提出提高服务水平的新理念,推出优化服务质量的新举措,是成功吸引外资的一大秘诀。随着社会主义市场经济的逐步确立和对外开放格局的逐步形成,从市委、市政府的领导到各级各部门的干部越来越深刻地认识到,在发展外向型经济中,前些年所具有的区位优势、政策优势和基础设施优势相对弱化,现在地区之间的竞争,在很大程度上,取决于服务水平的高低,投资环境     

Factors Affecting Retailer Acceptance of New Packaged Goods:

Packaged goods manufacturers develop and introduce several different types of new products including innovations, "me-too" prodcuts, and line extensions. The authors build a theoretical model to help understand the retailer new product acceptance process for different types of new products. Factors influencing retailer acceptance of new packaged goods were identified and tested. Statistical comparisons of factors were performed across different types of new products and within a particular type of new product to develop a relative ranking of the most influential factors. The results show that many of the factors affecting retailer acceptance of different types of new products are under the control of the manufacturer. The results also show that the retailer new product acceptance process varied significantly from one type of new product to another. Implications for theory and practice, and directions for future research, are discussed.     

浅谈政府投资项目的投资控制

针对政府投资项目在投资控制方面存在的一些问题,站在项目工程管理专业的角度,从政府投资项目决策、可行性研究、项目初步设计、投资概算、招投标和施工阶段及监管、审计等方面,论述了政府投资项目投资控制的必要性,提出了投资控制的要点和控制方法,并向投资项目的决策层和承建者提出了一些建设性意见.     

浅谈政府投资项目的投资控制

针对政府投资项目在投资控制方面存在的一些问题,站在项目工程管理专业的角度,从政府投资项目决策、可行性研究、项目初步设计、投资概算、招投标和施工阶段及监管、审计等方面,论述了政府投资项目投资控制的必要性,提出了投资控制的要点和控制方法,并向投资项目的决策层和承建者提出了一些建设性意见.     

Buyer Attitudes and the Continuity of Manufacturer/Retailer Relationships

Abstract

This research focuses on the delisting (or unbuying) of products and what in the attitude of the buyer might lead to a delisting of all the supplier's products, thereby ending the relationship. A del-isted product is defined here as one which was still being sold by other retailers. The decision to delist therefore involves a purposive action by the retail buyer. Using confirmatory analysis of a model of delisting behaviour, both cognitive and affective components of buyers' attitudes were found to correlate with the ending of the relationship by the retail buyer. Of the antecedent factors, frequency of contact was found to be the most salient. The practical and theoretical implications are discussed.     

Analyzing the Impact of Promotions on Manufacturer and Retailer Performance

Abstract

Promotional strategies used by manufacturers (or retailers) influence not only their own outcomes, but also the outcomes of retailers (or manufacturers). As cooperation of both the parties is needed for successful implementation of promotional strategies, the promotions used by either party should provide outcomes that are positive for the other party. The authors propose a framework for examining (1) the effect of promotional strategies on both manufacturer and retailer profitability and (2) which of two promotional strategies (retail price cut or coupon promotion) yields greater total profitability to achieve an exogenously given sales level. The proposed framework also helps in identifying conditions when conflict is likely to occur between manufacturer and retailer, and suggests a cooperative strategy to resolve the conflict.     

A化工产品销售商供应链风险管理研究

A企业的供应链是个三阶段供应链。根据企业实际,将其供应链的风险分为供应风险、物流风险、客户需求风险。A企业对供应风险的防范应与供应商继续保持紧密合作;与其他市场区域化工企业保持沟通;在生产工厂附近租赁仓库;紧急调集储罐车,以车代库等。物流风险主要防范运输风险和仓储风险。对需求风险的防范,A企业应提高直销率,对客户进行有效管理和服务。     

Factors That Affect the Probability That a Food Retailer Sells a Specialty Food Product,Hybrid Striped Bass

ABSTRACT

Survey data from grocery retailers are analyzed to determine if sellers of hybrid striped bass have different socioeco-nomic and demographic characteristics than nonsellers. The results indicate that sellers are more likely to be chain stores, have larger seafood sales per customer, and have upper income clientele. Probit and logit analyses indicate that the probability that a retailer is a seller of hybrid striped bass increases as the firm sells more aquaculture products. The probability also increases if the retailer is a chain store whose average seafood sales per customer exceed $10, and whose annual seafood sales per store exceed $100,000.     

Evaluation of a voluntary labeling system in the Swedish furniture market

Informative labeling has been and still is a widely used instrument by consumer protection agencies. There is little known about how informative labels affect the behavior of consumers, retailers, and producers in markets in which they are disseminated and even less is known about their effects upon consumer satisfaction. In this paper results from empirical studies on consumers' and sellers' reactions to a voluntary labeling system, Facts about Furniture, are presented. This labeling system was introduced on the Swedish furniture market in 1973. The results show that consumers as well as producers and retailers use the system to a rather limited extent. The reason for this seems to be that consumers do not demand the information contained on the label and as consumer demand is low, the incitement for producers and retailers to use the system is also small. With the empirical results as background, the usefulness of voluntary informative labeling systems as an instrument in consumer policy is discussed.

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Informative Warenkennzeichnung für Möbel: Bewertung eines freiwilligen schwedischen Systems

Zusammenfassung Informative Warenkennzeichnung ist ein Instrument der Verbraucherinformation, das nach wie vor vielfältige Anwendung findet. Jedoch ist wenig über den Einfluß bekannt, den solche produktbegleitenden Informationen tatsächlich auf das Verhalten von Verbrauchern, Zwischenhändlern und Herstellern in den betroffenen Märkten haben; noch weniger ist über ihren Einfluß auf die Zufriedenheit von Verbrauchern bekannt. Der vorliegende Beitrag berichtet die Ergebnisse empirischer Studien über die Reaktionen von Anbietern und Nachfragern auf ein freiwilliges Warenkennzeichnungssystem für Möbel. Dieses Kennzeichnungssystem wurde im Jahre 1973 auf dem schwedischen Möbelmarkt eingeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß sowohl Käufer wie auch Verkäufer und Hersteller von Möbeln nur in sehr begrenztem Ausmaße von dem System Gebrauch machen. Der Grund dafür dürfte sein, daß die Informationsnachfrage von Möbelkäufern nach den Inhalten dieses Kennzeichnungssystems gering ist, und somit für die Hersteller und Händler nur ein schwacher Anreiz besteht, das System zu übernehmen. Auf der Grundlage dieser empirischen Ergebnisse wird die Nützlichkeit freiwilliger informativer Warenkennzeichnungssysteme als verbraucherpolitisches Instrument diskutiert.

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Claes-Robert Julander is a Research Fellow in the Department of Economic Psychology at the Economic Research Institute at the Stockholm School of Economics, Box 6501, S-113 83 Stockholm, Sweden. The author wishes to express his gratitude to the Swedish National Board for Consumer Policies for the funding of this research project.     

哈尔滨大型零售企业发展中存在的问题及对策分析

我国加入WTO后,零售行业逐步开放,许多大型国际连锁超市纷纷涌入哈尔滨,使得零售行业竞争更加激烈。新的零售业态虽然给当地消费者带来了全新的消费方式和购物模式,但也给本地零售业带来前所未有的冲击。哈尔滨大型零售企业存在运行机制不灵活,管理运作不规范,零售业态单一,连锁业态组织化程度低,企业规模小,市场份额低等问题。政府应兼顾服务贸易自由化和发展我国零售业的双重目标,尽快健全零售领域的法律、法规体系,推动企业机制转换,规范管理运作,积极开展新型零售业态,进行战略资源整合,以扩大市场份额。