THE IMMIGRATION PROBLEM IN AUSTRALIA

"The time has already come when each country needs a considered national policy about what size of population, whether larger or smaller than at present, or the same, is most expedient. And having settled this policy, we must take steps to carry it into operation."— J. M. Keynes.     

THE STOCK PROBLEM IN HUNGARY

In The Present Paper The Author Reviews The Results Of An Investigation Aimed At Estimating The relative level of stocks in Hungary in terms of international comparisons. Though international comparison was limited by scarcity of data, it has still become evident that stocks as a whole, compared to production and sales, seem to be unnecessarily high. The investigation has been carried out in relation both to the level of stocks and their rate of increase. The global volume and building of stocks, however, did not give a satisfactory explanation, and the investigation had to be extended to the individual groups of stocks separately. In order to facilitate the comparison, stocks were classified into the following groups: agricultural stocks, goods in process, industrial finished goods and manufactures held by users, and retail stocks. The classification was based on the different function of the individual groups. This classification of stocks could be compared only with the data of the U.S A. The international comparison revealed that both the volume and the rate of increase of stocks in Hungary is unreasonably high. They are high even if we consider that the growth rate of the economy in Hungary was greater than in any of the countries examined. The author refers to the fact that the stock problem was one of the starting issues in the economic research process which led to the reform of the Hungarian economic management system introduced on 1st January 1968.     

IS MONEY THE MEASURE OF WELFARE IN RUSSIA?

The transformation of a non-market to a market economy ought to change fundamentally the significance of money incomes for welfare. Whereas in a stressful non-market economy such as the former Soviet Union, non-monetized resources could substitute for money income and promote welfare, in a modern market economy money income should be a good proxy for household welfare. This article tests the extent to which Russians are now in a modern market economy by analyzing data from nationwide Russian surveys in January, 1992, and April, 1994. Modern influences are increasingly important as a determinant of the distribution of money incomes, but not as an influence upon household welfare. The "randomness" of temporary disruptions of welfare is in accord with Rawlsian principles of equity.     

城市住宅用地空间扩张机制与调控对策

城市住宅用地空间扩张的必然性与土地资源的稀缺性这一对矛盾,在城市化进程迅速推进的今天显得尤为尖锐,如何实现城市居民居住质量的提高与城市土地资源的可持续利用成为迫切需要解决的问题。文章总结了我国当前城市住宅用地扩张的特点,从经济、制度、技术以及人为干预四个方面对我国当前城市住宅用地空间扩张机制进行了解析,并对城市住宅用地空间扩张过程所出现的问题提出了相关调控措施。     

大城市居住区位演变浅议——以重庆为例

城市是人口聚居的地方。随着城市的发展和城市化进程的加快，城市，特别是大城市居民的择居行为和居住区位都在不断地发生变化。本文拟通过对重庆市居住区位变化的分析，对我国现阶段大城市居住区位的演变趋势和基本规律作初步探讨。     

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND VOUCHER BUY-OUTS IN RUSSIA

This paper examines the issues which may create pressures and incentives to introduce efficiency-enhancing governance structures in enterprises which are privatized through voucher schemes in Russia. These pressures emphasize the need to view buy-outs created on privatization as transitory organizational forms with a three-stage process being suggested as the most feasible for developing governance mechanisms which produce efficiency gains, The paper uses illustrative case studies of the first major enterprises to experience post-privatization ownership changes.