Sovereignty and Economic Development: The Case of Israel and Palestine

The future permanent economic agreement between Israel and Palestine will have to determine, among other things, the trade regime and whether there should be economic borders. The decision will have to satisfy goals of economic development, including a reduction in economic and social gaps between the two countries, and questions of sovereignty. We describe and analyse the evolution of the Palestinian economy before and since the Oslo agreements. Concerning the future agreement, we discuss the tradeoffs between sovereignty and prosperity and argue for the establishment, at first, of economic borders and a regime of less than full integration.     

Fragments of Development: Nation,Gender, and the Space of Modernity

Adam Smith argued that capitalism was best achieved when individuals temper their economic self-interests with ethically grounded motivations. Unfortunately, Smith stopped short of articulating precisely how individuals might manage these seemingly competing interests in a way that is practical for actors in modern day organizations. We believe that a set of effective principles of justice can be found in the writings of political philosopher John Rawls. We argue that due to the empirical realities of entrepreneurs, the entrepreneurial context is aligned with Rawls' original position. We consider how Rawls' principles might inform founders of new organizations with regard to their interaction with organizational stakeholders.     

重庆市“土地、人口、产业”城镇化质量的时空分异及耦合协调性

综合运用熵权法和系统耦合协调度模型,在挖掘城镇化质量内涵的基础上,建立"土地、人口、产业"城镇化质量耦合协调度指标体系,并以重庆市为例,对研究区2002—2012年"土地、人口、产业"城镇化质量、耦合度、协调指数、耦合协调度及空间格局差异进行测算、分析,以期为重庆市未来城镇化发展决策提供科学依据和参考。研究结果表明:1从时间序列上看,重庆市城镇化质量总体呈上升趋势,但由于受区位条件、国家和地方政策,产业结构调整等因素影响,呈现出不同阶段性特征;2从空间格局上看,重庆市县域城镇化质量协调指数和耦合协调度空间非均衡性较为显著,呈现出以都市功能核心区、都市功能拓展区和城市发展新区为中心,渝东南生态保护发展区和渝东北生态涵养发展区为外围的"中心—外围"空间差异特征;3城镇土地资源利用效益偏低和产业结构不合理是制约现阶段重庆市城镇化质量提升的两个关键性因素。     

Nationalism, development and integration: the political economy of Ernest Gellner

In this paper, we show how in Gellner we can find a stimulatinganalysis of the institutional equilibria that characterise agrarianand industrial society and the conditions that make possibleinstitutional change from one equilibrium to another. This allowsa convincing account of the reasons why some countries industrialisedbefore others and why nationalism had such an uneven impacton the development of market economies. We consider the relationbetween Gellner's analysis and other theories of organisationand point out how Gellner can help to solve some paradoxes thatarise in these theories. We also argue that joining Gellner'scontribution to the analysis of the positional nature of statusand power reinforces his conclusion about the necessary stagnationof agrarian societies and the necessary (over)accumulation ofdifferent forms of capitalism. We conclude by examining theimplications of his analysis for the process of globalisationand its challenge to national states.     

让你的思维穿越时空

“几乎所有的社会问题,都可以归纳为时间和空间的问题。” ——马歇尔 一、时空—思维活动的舞台 有一首歌叫长江之歌,久唱不衰。除了音乐本身的魅力之外,其歌词写得也好。 你从雪山走来,春潮是你的风采; 你向东海奔去,惊涛是你的气概。 你从远古走来,巨浪荡涤着尘埃; 你向未来奔去,涛声回荡在天外。 歌词共两段,词作者的思维穿越空间走廊和时间隧道,从空间和时间这两个角度把长江的风貌写得淋漓尽致,对长江的深情唱得荡气回肠。歌词就这两段,够了。如果再写出     

The Past as Nation: Three Dimensions of Armenian Identity

This article argues that the key to understanding nationhood is its relationship with the past - 'its' history. It accepts that nations are essentially modern constructs, based on subjective and objective characteristics, but this is not how members of a nation usually define their collective. What is crucial in the answer to the question 'when is the nation?' is not a given date (which is never fixed and regularly shifts based on need), but how and why the 'when' is defined. Hence, what needs to be analysed are the dynamics of formulating identity and the interpretation of history for contemporary purposes. Using the case of the Armenians, the article demonstrates that the question 'when is the nation?' is answered in terms of three broad time frames: fourth century AD, 2000 BC or earlier and 1915. Each approach looks at the past to define the nation, and, based on its world view, provides an appropriate answer. These differences are not just historiographical debates among specialists, but widely held views affecting current Armenian national identity.     

工业化与生态环境耦合协调度及时空差异研究——以山东省为例

文章以山东省17个地级市为研究对象,构建工业化与生态环境系统评价指标体系,运用熵值法和耦合协调度模型测度各地级市工业化与生态环境系统的综合得分及分析二者的耦合协调关系演变,最后采用空间自相关模型分析各地级市间的空间联系。结果表明:(1)研究期内山东省各地级市工业化与生态环境的耦合协调度均呈增强趋势,由过渡型向耦合协调型转变;(2)各地级市工业化与生态环境耦合协调具有显著的地域空间分异,鲁东地区整体高于鲁中和鲁西地区;(3)两系统在空间上存在空间正相关性,烟台等市主要表现为"高—高"集聚,济南主要表现为"低—低"集聚,部分地级市在空间效应上随机分布。最后据此提出促进山东省各地级市两系统协同发展的对策建议。     

中国社会保障机制的重构:国家、社会与个人

本文通过发达国家社会保障制度与中国社会保障制度的比较,探讨了在深化中国社会保障管理体制改革的过程中,国家、社会和个人的相互关系以及各自的作用。认为,妥善处理三者的关系是构建一个合理的社会保障机制的前提。     

可持续发展定义在空间与时间双重维度上的拓展

从分析布伦特兰夫人提出的可持续发展定义入手,在明确可持续发展的本质是协调人类公平发展关系的基础上,对可持续发展定义在空间与时间两个维度上进行了拓展,着重论述在前代人、当代人与后代人的完整时间序列概念下,以平等发展权促进公平利益分配,从而确保可持续发展得以实现。在此基础上,提出了更加完善的可持续发展定义,进一步明确了可持续发展的前提条件、实现方式和发展目标。     

The future population of the Federal Capital Territory,Abuja

The author projects population to the years 1990 and 2000 for the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Nigeria and for the region of Abuja. The methodology used is outlined and seven different projections are presented, with figures provided separately for regions within the FCT. The scenarios considered include one assuming a growth rate similar to the past growth rate of Lagos and one based on growth rates seen in Brasilia, Brazil. Attention is given to the relative contributions of natural increase and in-migration.     

Technology, trade, and adjustment to immigration in Israel

In the early 1990s Israel experienced a surge of immigration from the former Soviet Union. Russian immigrants had high relative education levels. There is little evidence that the immigration shock put downward pressure on Israeli wages. We examine two mechanisms through which Israel may have absorbed labor-supply changes related to the Russian immigration: Global changes in production technology and national changes in output mix. Global changes in production techniques, which appear consistent with skill-biased technical change, were sufficient to more than offset Israel's change in relative factor supplies. Changes in output mix did not help Israel absorb changes in relative factor supplies.     

Gender Differentials in Domestic Work, Market Work, and Total Work Time: UK Time Budget Survey Evidence for 1974/5 and 1987

We provide evidence about UK trends in gender differentials in market work time, domestic work time, and their sum (total work time) between the mid-1970s and mid-1980s. The ratio of women's total work hours to men's total work hours changed little, but for both sexes allocations of time to different types of work changed considerably. Breakdowns by marital status reveal additional interesting information. The trends in domestic work time are decomposed into 'coefficient change' and 'compositional change' components using regression-based shift-share methods.     

Time–Space Harmonization of Consumer Price Indexes in Euro-Zone Countries

The objective of this paper is to discuss the possibilities of attaining a time–space harmonization of the consumer price indexes that are elaborated by the 12 European Union (EU) Euro-zone countries and by Eurostat. After focusing on the duality of the time and space domains for price indexes elaboration, the basic elements of the methodology of estimation of consumer price indexes are delineated, both in time and space. Then, the harmonization of formulae and baskets is outlined, with emphasis on the latter. The current system of surveys for price collection is reviewed and its limits are underlined, in order to suggest a methodology for a consumer basket harmonized approach which ensures better harmonized indexes comparability, reduction of list of products, and unification of quality adjustment methods.     

Trade negotiations, domestic policies, and the Most Favored Nation clause

Abstract.  This paper illustrates how restricting trade instruments to non-discrimination links trade agreements to non-trade agreements and, under certain conditions, helps governments further lower tariffs and/or domestic standards (policies). These conditions are: (i) governments' objective functions are sufficiently concave with respect to domestic standards (policies); (ii) domestic standards are sufficiently valued; and (iii) policies are strategic complements. These can then be used as a rationale for restricting safeguard measures to non-discrimination.     

基于时空纬度的国内农民工创业研究

文章基于中国知网2001-2014年对农民工创业相关文献的研究数据,采用知识图谱中时空维度这一分析工具,分别对我国农民工创业的研究成果,按照研究的时间、机构、作者、期刊分布进行归类,进而对我国农民工创业研究的热点和前沿问题进行梳理。文章经过分析发现,我国农民工创业研究的热点和前沿问题主要集中在农民工创业问题的基本探讨、农民工创业影响因素、农民工创业动机、农民工创业机理与模式、农民工创业绩效以及新生代农民工创业六个方面。但是由于农民工提法的时代性,文章通过进一步分析认为,未来对于农民工创业的研究可以从以下三方面推进。具体来说,在研究层次方面,要将研究期刊定位于CSSCI及以上级别;在研究路径方面,应结合各地区经济水平差异及地区的特色对农民工创业进行研究;在研究内容方面,要加强对农民工创业动机、创业模式、创业绩效等内容的研究。     

Time as a strategic variable: business hours in the gasoline market

A popular argument in policy discussions on the liberalization of business hours proceeds on the assumption that business hours are strategic complements: if some firms open longer hours, competitors will be forced to extend their opening hours too. We provide first empirical evidence on the impact of competition and the form of strategic interaction in business hours between firms by using detailed information on business hours as well as the location of retail gasoline stations in Austria. Our findings reject the presumption of business hours being strategic complements. Firms tend to have longer opening hours in a more competitive environment.