上海股票市场的分形特征研究

本文对有效市场假说和分型市场假说的基本理论做了介绍,对上海证券市场的分形结构进行了研究,并对上证指数收盘价的日数据和周数据进行R/S分析并计算Hurst指数,通过对比发现,上海股票市场不属于EMH所描述的有效市场,而是具有自相似性、状态持续性、长期记忆周期等明显的分形特征。     

Information bundling and securities litigation

We exploit the exogenous shock of a 2005?U.S. Supreme Court decision on securities class action loss causation requirements to examine two ways that firms bundle information with restatements: “positive bundling” of good news and “noise bundling” of additional bad news. We find that positive bundling offsets price declines and results in less litigation. In contrast, noise bundling magnifies price declines, but nevertheless deters litigation by confounding which bad news caused a decline. Non-bundled restatements are 5.94 times more likely to result in litigation. Bundled restatements have 8.17 times higher dismissal rates and $21.17 to $23.45 million lower settlement amounts.     

基于会计信息的证券投资策略研究:分析及展望

本文首先分析了有效资本市场理论的悖论及行为金融学对其的挑战,其中着重探讨了套利成本和套利局限性对证券价格形成的影响。然后阐述了基于会计信息进行证券投资策略研究的问题。本文认为,这方面的会计学研究能够对提高我国证券市场的效率起到至关重要的作用。     

论我国证券市场会计监管问题

如何加强对证券市场的会计监管,是关系到我国证券市场能否稳定、健康有序发展的重大问题,本文根据我国证券市场会计监管的现状,提出了我国证券市场会计监管思路是需要进一步规范与完善会计准则和会计制度,证券市场监管政策需要合理化,此外还必须强化注册会计师审计的独立性.     

Punitive Damages in Bad Faith Actions Against Insurers in the USA: The Impact of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Campbell v. State Farm</Emphasis>

This article provides an overview of the history and practice of punitive damages in the USA, including U.S. Supreme Court resistance to punitive damages beginning in the 1990s. The 2003 Campbell decision continued this doctrinal trend in an case of seemingly egregious insurer “bad faith.” Examining insurance bad faith cases after Campbell, it appears that the Court’s decision had a practical impact as well as a doctrinal impact. Since Campbell, insurers appear to have enjoyed greater judicial protection against punitive damages in bad faith cases, expanding a trend discernable after the Court’s 1996 BMW v. Gore decision. However, the 50 states have not modified their jury instructions on punitive damages since these decisions, seemingly ceding this area to the courts as a matter of federal constitutional review. The 2007 Williams v. Philip Morris decision continued the trend in a non-insurance case, as the court overturned a large punitive award against a tobacco company.     

On the “usual” misunderstandings between econophysics and finance: Some clarifications on modelling approaches and efficient market hypothesis

In line with the recent research and debates about econophysics and financial economics, this article discusses on usual misunderstandings between the two disciplines in terms of modelling and basic hypotheses. In the literature devoted to econophysics, the methodology used by financial economists is frequently considered as a top-down approach (starting from a priori “first principles”) while econophysicists rather present themselves as scholars working with a (empirical data prone) bottom-up approach. Although this dualist perspective is very common in the econophysics literature, this paper claims that the distinction is very confusing and does not permit to reveal the essence of the differences between finance and econophysics. The distinction between these two fields is mainly investigated here through the lens of the Efficient Market Hypothesis in order to show that, in substance, econophysics and financial economics tend to have a similar approach implying that the misunderstanding between these two fields at the modelling level can therefore be overstepped.     

Calendar effects,market conditions and the Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from long-run U.S. data

In this paper, we examine the Adaptive Market Hypothesis (AMH) through four well-known calendar anomalies in the Dow Jones Industrial Average from 1900 to 2013. We use subsample analysis as well as rolling window analysis to overcome difficulties with each method type of analysis. We also create implied investment strategies based on each calendar anomaly as well as determining which market conditions are more favourable to the calendar anomaly performance. The results show that all four calendar anomalies support the AMH, with each calendar anomaly's performance varying over time. We also find that some of the calendar anomalies are only present during certain market conditions. Overall, our results suggest that the AMH offers a better explanation of the behaviour of calendar anomalies than the Efficient Market Hypothesis.     

我国证券纠纷调解机制的完善和金融申诉专员制度合理要素的借鉴

我国新修订的《证券法》于2020年3月1日正式施行。作为资本市场根本法规,《证券法》新增第六章"投资者保护"可谓亮点之一,其中第94条规定"强制调解制度"在诉讼和仲裁之外为投资者提供了新的维权路径,加强对投资者的事后保护。但目前我国证券纠纷调解机制仍有诸多问题,例如法律条文碎片化、调解协议刚性不足、调解衔接机制不完善、调解机构体系混乱、监督机制不力等,这些弊病从根本上严重影响证券纠纷调解机制的制度设计和程序运行。本文拟通过分析英国金融申诉专员制度的成熟经验,为我国证券纠纷调解机制的完善和发展提出优化路径。     

Capital raising in the offshore market

US corporations can raise capital in the offshore market using Regulation S, adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 1990 and modified in 1996. We examine how offshore offerings are done under Regulation S, what types of companies use this market, the discount companies offer investors to compensate for illiquidity in the market, and the impact of the new disclosure requirements on capital raising in the offshore market. We find that small firms tend to raise capital in this market. During our sample period before the 1996 rule change the median market capitalization of reporting firms was $16.82 million with a median stock price of $1.13. The mean and median discount offered to foreign investors was 32.84% and 40.53%, respectively. Offerings during this period resulted in average share dilution of 11.97%. We find that before the disclosure requirements, firms were “gaming the system” by giving foreign investors just enough time to resell the securities back into the United States before the initial sale became public information. After the rule changes, Regulation S offerings are not perceived to be “shady”, and larger firms are now using the market, resulting in lower average discount and dilution.     

ON THE WEALTH EFFECTS OF THE SUPERVISORY GOODWILL CONTROVERSY

We provide evidence on the potential wealth effects of the 1996 U.S. Supreme Court decision that the U.S. government had violated contractual obligations when, in 1989, it passed legislation prohibiting savings and loan associations from counting “supervisory goodwill” as capital. The Supreme Court decision produced large wealth gains for the savings and loan plaintiffs, as did prior court decisions in favor of these savings and loans. However, little evidence exists to suggest negative market responses to important events surrounding the 1989 legislation.     

Corporate watchdogs

We investigate the role of financial analysts as corporate watchdogs. We show that firms that are subject to intense analyst monitoring are more likely to be investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission or to be the subject of a securities class action. Using cross-sectional variations in managerial entrenchment, we find that this effect is not a reflection of the “dark side of analyst coverage,” analysts pushing executives to misbehave to exceed short-term expectations. Our findings are robust to different identification strategies addressing the endogeneity of analyst coverage decisions.     

论内幕信息的界定

《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于执行<中华人民共和国刑法>确定罪名的补充规定(四)》将《刑法》第180条第4款规定为利用未公开信息交易罪。但该款规定的犯罪对象其他未公开的信息属于我国《证券法》规定的内幕信息的一种,即对该公司证券的市场价格有重大影响的尚未公开的信息。这种信息在其他国家与地区也是作为内幕信息认定的。对于违反我国《刑法》第180条第4款规定的行为,我们可以按照内幕交易罪进行处理。     

Informational Efficiency and Information Subsets

This paper proposes a new definition of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis with respect to information, which is more formal and precise than those of Rubinstein 13 , Fama 4 , Jensen 6 , and Beaver 1 , and which fits well as a framework for interpreting the many tests of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis in the literature. Security markets are here considered “efficient with respect to information set ?” if and only if revealing ? to all agents would change neither equilibrium prices nor portfolios. In addition to other desirable features, this definition has the “subset property”: efficiency with respect to ? implies efficiency with respect to any subset of ?.     

Manipulation in the bond market and the role of investment funds: Evidence from an emerging market

The aim of our research is to test for manipulation in the bond market, and to establish whether the practice of benchmarking investment funds encourages such interference. We analyse end-of-day and intraday trading data from the Borsa Istanbul Bond Securities Market between 2014 and 2018 along with specific data from investment fund sector over the same period. Our results indicate that treasury bonds have most likely been manipulated at the months' end by trading activities of investment funds. Price and volume rose significantly in the run up to the end of the month before falling off in the days following.     

Escape from New York: The market impact of loosening disclosure requirements

We examine the first significant deregulation of U.S. disclosure requirements since the passage of the 1933/1934 Exchange and Securities Acts: the 2007 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 12h-6. Rule 12h-6 has made it easier for foreign firms to deregister with the SEC and thereby terminate their U.S. disclosure obligations. We show that the market reacted negatively to the announcement by the SEC that firms from countries with weak disclosure and governance regimes could more easily opt out of the stringent U.S. reporting and legal environment. We also find that since the rule's passage, an unprecedented number of firms have deregistered, and these firms often had been previous targets of U.S. class action securities lawsuits or SEC enforcement actions. Our findings suggest that shareholders of non-U.S firms place significant value on U.S. securities regulations, especially when the home country investor protections are weak.     

Overview on the recent developments of banking and risk management

This note aims at focusing at the recent developments in banking and risk management with a particular focus on empirical analyses about banks’ regulation and financial risk. It notably describes a financial atmosphere whereby, in response to the US subprime mortgage crisis and the continuing stress in financial markets, policymakers developed alternative monetary policies and regulators pursued different reforms and new regulations to overcome the effects of this crisis. To better understand these different changes and reforms, this note presents the 9 best articles selected from the second International Workshop on Market Microstructure and Nonlinear Dynamics (Paris, June 4–5, 2015, www.fmnd.fr) that focused on these topics. Interestingly, through these different contributions, this special issue has developed new insights about methodologies and quantitative risk management techniques that assess the effects of the financial crisis, explain its different challenges, and suggest some solutions.     

ARE TREASURY INFLATION PROTECTED SECURITIES REALLY TAX DISADVANTAGED?

In 1997, the U.S. Treasury introduced Inflation Protected Securities, commonly known as TIPS. Several in the finance field have since described these securities as “tax disadvantaged” relative to conventional securities, leading to serious questions regarding their appropriateness outside of tax‐deferred accounts. In this article, we develop a framework that demonstrates that at least in a real sense the tax treatment of TIPS is trivially different from that of conventional Treasury securities. Moreover, empirically we find evidence that TIPS generally have after‐tax yields comparable to, if not exceeding, conventional fixed‐rate Treasury securities. We also show that TIPS have generally outperformed matched‐maturity conventional Treasury securities in terms of after‐tax rates of return.     

A technical approach to equity investing in emerging markets

Technical analysis (TA) is used in evaluating its predictive power for the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) Emerging Market Index (EMI) that reflects 23 emerging market economies’ equity indices. We conclude strong predictive power of technical analysis for the EMI. Given this predictive power of TA, we then investigate whether investors can exploit this predictive power to beat the profitability of the Buy‐and‐Hold strategy considering both risk and transaction costs. Applying Moving Average, Relative Strength Index, Moving Average Convergence Divergence, and Rate of Change trading rules to the MSCI Emerging Market Index over the period of 11/1/1988 to 5/1/2017 reveals strong empirical evidence that investors could use TA to out‐perform the Buy‐and‐Hold strategy even when considering risk and transaction costs. This research provides evidence against the Efficient Market Hypothesis for EMI.     

美国证券市场操纵认定标准研究

操纵在美国证券立法中没有明确的定义,执法和司法中以及学术界虽然都试图对操纵进行界定,但由于证券市场的复杂性,操纵行为的认定始终存在着很大困难.美国规范市场操纵行为的法律框架包括1933年证券法第17条,1934年证券交易法第9条、第10条以及证监会的相关规则.由于这些规定非常原则,对美国操纵行为认定标准的研究必须根据法院在不同时期所做出的判决进行.总体来说,经过一百多年的司法实践,美国的认定标准基本清晰,可供我国在修订证券法和执法、司法实践中参考.     

证券市场托管制度优化研究

当前我国法规层面定义了证券"中央登记、二级托管"模式,但实质属于一级托管。证券托管制度的弊端逐渐显现,主要包括:一是交收主体错位不利于DVP结算制度的实施,二是无法有效组织券源满足市场融券需求,三是抑制证券公司的金融产品及业务创新,四是在一定程度上影响了市场的证券结算效率,五是不利于我国证券市场与国际接轨。本文建议:一是构建"看穿式"证券二级托管机制;二是优化顶层设计,健全与完善证券托管法规体系;三是建立证券公司二级托管业务内部管理体系;四是加强对证券公司开展二级托管业务的外部监督管理。