推进科技投入与产出良性发展

根据科技部课题组发布的《全国及各地区科技进步统计监测结果》，“十五”期间，福建综合科技进步水平指数在全国的位次由2001年的第9位下降为2005年的第11位。其中，出现了科技投入与产出明显不协调的情况：2005年科技活动投入指数居第11位，比2001年上升了3位，但科技活动产出指数却居第29位，比2001年下降了13位（见表1），这一巨大反差引起了我们的思考。本文拟从财政角度对建立本省科技投入与产出的良性发展机制进行初步探讨。     

福建省科学技术厅创新科技 海西发展

2011年福建省综合科技进步水平从全国第11位上升到第九位。其中科技促进经济社会发展指数居第5位,高新技术产业化指数居第7位;知识产权指数从第9位上升到第8位,科技活动产出指数由原来26位跃升至第13位。     

小资料

日前在广东省佛山市举行了全国区域创新体系交流会。公布了最新的全国科技进步的评价结果,广东的科技综合实力连续四年位于上海、北京之后居全国第三。其中,产业国际竞争力、外国直接投资、企业设计能力三个指标广东均居全国之首,科技进步对广东经济的贡献率上升为46.1%。     

商品经济与科技进步的关系

<正> 一、互促关系。商品经济与科技进步互相促进,共同发展;二者呈正相关。即商品经济发展,可促进科技进步;科技进步可促进商品经济发展。江苏省科学研究与技术发展在全国是第一流的,其工农业总产值连续六年荣登全国榜首。山西省科技能力在全国排列第18位,(处于中下游行列,全省新产品的品种仅占产品总数的4.5%,新产品产值仅占工业总产值的1.88%,如此匡算,全省产品更新周期需要20年)其工农业总产值在全国亦排列18位(1986年320.91亿元)。     

加快社会发展 促进和谐构建

“十五”期间，吉林省社会发展取得了显著成绩，各项社会事业不断进步，各项改革逐步推进，以规划、项目、改革和评估为主要着力点的社会发展工作机制趋于完善，为“十一五”社会发展工作打下了良好的基础。根据国家统计局对全国各地区社会发展水平综合评价最新结果显示，目前，吉林省社会发展水平综合评价指数全国排名第11位，比上年上升了1位，位居全国中上游水平。     

新疆区域创新能力评价分析

本文根据全国创新能力指标体系评价新疆整体创新能力,得出新疆综合科技进步水平和创新能力、新疆科技活动人力投入水平,以及新疆企业创新能力与全国比较的水平;同时,建立包含14个指标的地区创新能力评价指标体系,运用因子分析方法对新疆14个地州市科技创新能力进行了评价,得出新疆区域创新能力存在的问题,找到提高新疆创新能力的路径.     

福建城市投资环境的综合评价

福建城市投资环境的综合评价陈健飞（福建师范大学自然资源研究中心．福州３５０００７）改革开放以来．福建经济快速增长、经济总量已从１９７８年的全国第２２位跃到第１１位。其中、外资在经济发展中起了非常重要的作用。因此、投资环境的综合分析与评价、对于正确认识...     

基于主成分分析法的科技进步测评实证研究——以陕西省为例

随着科技进步在经济增长和社会发展中的作用越来越重要,要求人们用科学的方法评价科技进步所取得的社会经济效益。在建立科技进步评价指标体系的基础上,利用主成分分析法对包括陕西在内的全国内地30个省、市、区科技竞争力进行排序,分析陕西在科技发展水平方面与全国整体水平及其它发达省市的差距,为陕西制定有关科技政策提供依据。     

无诲的追求铸辉煌──记大庆油田安装公司经理、全国优秀施工企业家王维

近年来，大庆油田安装公司声名鹊起。全公司综合产值由1991年的2．7亿元，增年到1994年的6.6亿元，利税由2004．8万元增至3784．5万元，职工人均收入由4331元增至9133元。在全国500家最佳经济效益建筑业企业评价中，由31位升到第10位，中国建筑施工企业综合实力百强排名第12位；全国设备安装业行业100家最大经营规模企业第1位、最佳经济效益企业第3位；石油工业系统25家最大经营规模建筑业企业第3位、最佳经济效益企业第3位；黑龙江省百强建筑施工企业第2位。公司先后荣获国家质量管理奖企业、全国用户满意企业、黑龙江省企业管理优秀单位……     

蓄势聚力喜创佳绩永安综合经济实力再次升位晋席

2007年又获得了全国绿色小康市、全国绿化模范市、全国科技进步考核先进市、全国双拥模范城和国家园林城市等五项"国字号"荣誉,综合经济实力连续晋级、跃居全省"十强县(市)"六席.     

论技术侦查的正当性

赋予侦查机关使用技术侦查措施的权力,适应了目前犯罪日益多样化、隐蔽化、组织化和智能化的趋势,使侦查机关可以采用更有效的侦查手段侦破各种疑难案件.从公民基本权利的相对性来看,赋予侦查机关技术侦查权具有正当性;从技术侦查的特殊功效性来看,技术侦查手段可以弥补常规侦查手段的不足;从目前犯罪形势的严峻性和犯罪行为本身的复杂性来看,赋予侦查机关技术侦查权也是很有必要的.     

Forecasting the development of large technical systems

This paper deals with the process of forecasting large technical systems. One of the most important aspects is the development of criteria and their optimization.     

Accounting for technical substitution in the input-output model

Input-output analysis is a general equilibrium economic model that is being applied with increasing frequency to situations in which the input patterns of various economic activities are bound to change. Applications of the model in this context unduly strain the model's customary assumption of fixed coefficients, an assumption which precludes the substitution of inputs in production processes. The focus here is on the development of a general procedure for incorporating input substitution under various sets of conditions into the input-output model.     

Measures of technical efficiency

Färe and Lovell (J. Econom. Theory19 (1978), 150–162) suggest four properties that a measure of technical efficiency should satisfy; the commonly employed Debreu-Farrell measure fails three of them. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a measure to satisfy the four conditions are provided and recently proposed measures are analyzed in the light of this result. Also, it is argued that the Debreu-Farrell measure has several desirable properties when one takes account of (1) (perhaps unknown) market prices and the relationship between technical and economic efficiency and (2) its characterization as a measure of economic efficiency using the shadow prices implicit in the production technology.     

Exploring the relationship between technical and service characteristics

The paper explores the complex relationship between technical and service characteristics discussed by the Saviotti–Metcalfe model of innovation. It is proposed that principal components analysis (PCA) is a more appropriate method of analysing this relationship than approaches previously used. A PCA is performed on a dataset of mobile phone handsets for the period 2003 to 2008. In addition to the relationship between technical and service characteristics, the analysis explores the existence of clusters of ergonomic characteristics within mobile phone handsets. The findings indicate that a limited set of core technology components underpin the large set of service characteristics offered by mobile phone handsets, and that the mapping between technical and service characteristics can be highly complex.

Measuring technical efficiency in the Greek agricultural sector

This paper measures the degree of technical efficiency of Greek farms at discrete points in time. Stochastic frontier production functions are estimated from four annual Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) surveys of the 1992–1995 period. From the results, a measure of technical efficiency is calculated for each farm for each year. The four distributions of technical efficiency values are examined and compared. All four samples show a wide range of farm-specific technical efficiency but efficiency is improving over the period. The paper also presents frontier estimates for small and large farms classified according to economic size. In that case, technical efficiency measures are calculated and their distributions are examined and compared. The results show that large farms are more efficient than small farms. However, efficiency is improving in both size farms over the period. In general, the results of this study indicate that there is substantial scope for improving technical efficiency of Greek farms.