知识员工管理者角色与胜任力

文章基于知识工作、知识员工与知识员工管理者研究,以及管理胜任力研究,结合知识员工管理者角色分析,探讨三个管理层次知识员工管理者的胜任力.     

煤炭企业中层管理者绩效评价体系研究

中层管理人员作为企业发展的中坚力量,他们的积极性、主动性、创造性发挥如何,很大程度上取决于企业对中层管理人员科学公正的绩效考核和恰当的激励措施。而一套合理的绩效考评体系,对于增强企业的竞争力有着不可替代的作用。运用层次分析法和模糊数学方法结合中层管理者自身特点,构建中层管理者绩效评价模型,从而建立中层管理者绩效考核评价体系。     

Facilitating Development: The Role of Business Groups

A defining characteristic of developing countries is the inadequacy of basic services normally required to support organized economic activity. One way in which the private sector acts to facilitate development is through investments orchestrated by agglomerations of firms called business groups. Such groups dominate the landscape of virtually all developing countries. Our study of plant location decisions in India shows that group-affiliates are more likely to (profitably) locate in less-developed states than unaffiliated firms; the magnitude of this “group effect” is large and significant. Furthermore, this result is stronger for more recent location decisions that are less likely to have been driven by political economy considerations. We suggest that this is because the scale and scope of groups, and the de facto property rights enforcement within groups in environments where legal enforcement is lacking, permit them to overcome some of the difficulties that impair production in underdeveloped regions.     

企业管理人员绩效多元化评价研究

文章提出了管理人员绩效评价的多元化设计思想：将绩效评价的结果导向和行为导向结合起来设计了全面多元的评价指标;依据管理人员工作本身的特点设计了多元的评价主体;据企业发展的多阶段性和管理人员的多层次性特点设计了多元的指标权重体系。并在此基础上构建了管理人员绩效多元化评价模型,以期能为企业提供一套科学合理,操作性强的绩效评价工具。     

科技企业孵化器经理人诱因契约研究

文章考虑政府与科技企业孵化器经理人的信息不对称,建立政府与科技企业孵化器经理博弈模型,探讨政府与孵化器经理间的策略互动效果,孵化器经理人的激励诱因契约以及最优努力水平。研究表明,单独以孵化器利润为因子的激励契约,能使孵化器经理人做出最优努力水平分配,孵化器经理注重扩大孵化规模和提升成功创业企业两种努力的平衡。当每单位投入的扩大孵化器规模的边际努力水平与每单位投入的提升成功创业企业的边际努力水平之比为成功创业企业平均利润返还与孵化企业平均物业及管理收入时,契约为帕累托最优契约。     

The Use and Usefulness of Performance Measures in the Public Sector

The paper focuses on the empirical evidence on the use and usefulnessof performance measures in the public sector. It begins withconsideration of the features of the public sector which makethe use of performance measures complex: the issues of multipleprincipals and multiple tasks. It discusses the form that performancemeasures may take, the use made of these measures, and the responsesthat individuals may make to them. Empirical examples from thefields of education and health, with a focus on the USA andUK, are examined. There is clear evidence of responses to suchmeasures. Some of these responses improve efficiency, but othersdo not and fall into the category of ‘gaming’. Generally,there has been little assessment of whether performance measuresbring about improvements in service. The paper ends with considerationof how such measures should be used and what measures are usefulto collect.     

论信息技术产业在美国新周期中的作用

历史经验表明，主导产业的发展变化决定着经济周期的演变特征。信息技术产业已经上升为美国经济的主导产业，因而其发展变化成为美国新周期变动和调整的主导力量，新周期的产业波动模式也变为信息技术产业主导型。     

The Effects of Biasing Performance Measurement Systems on Incentives and Retention Decisions

We examine a principal–agent setting in which the principal uses a performance measurement system for multiple purposes—to provide incentives and for retention decisions. The principal chooses the nature and extent of bias in the system, which determines whether the performance report is stringent, neutral, or lenient relative to the unobservable actual outcome. We show that when the report is used only for incentive purposes (an incentive role), stringency alleviates moral hazard. On the other hand, when the principal's objective is to minimize the cost from incorrect retention and firing decisions (a fit evaluation role), there is a demand for leniency. Surprisingly, however, we show that adding a fit evaluation role to a system serving an incentive role can accentuate the demand for stringency because stronger incentives can also indirectly improve retention decisions.     

The International Synchronisation of Business Cycles: the Role of Animal Spirits

Business cycles among industrial countries are highly correlated. We develop a two-country behavioral macroeconomic model where the synchronization of the business cycle is produced endogenously. The main channel of synchronization occurs through a propagation of “animal spirits”, i.e. waves of optimism and pessimism that become correlated internationally. We find that this propagation occurs with relatively low levels of trade integration. We do not need a correlation of exogenous shocks to generate synchronization. We also empirically test the main predictions of the model.     

企业业务单元数量与作业成本制衡作用辨析

近年来作业成本在部分企业的适用走入到了一个瓶颈状态,笔者认为企业边界的内在制衡是其重要原因之一;同样,作业成本管理的核心问题似乎也为企业边界提供了调整方向。本文即运用作业成本管理演变历程和成本动因作用双视角,在前人相关研究基础上辨析企业业务单元数量与作业成本两者之间的制衡作用。     

职业经理人薪酬结构与企业绩效相关关系的研究综述

企业职业经理人薪酬结构与经营绩效之间的关系一直备受国内外理论界关注。文章在查阅大量中外文献基础上,发现国内外在职业经理人薪酬结构与企业经营绩效之间的关系上还没有得出一致的结论,有待于我们进一步研究。文章从年薪制、股票期权、在职消费三个方面,对其与经营绩效间的关系进行综述。     

Performance of Core Inflation Measures

This paper assesses the performance of core inflation measures based on the structural VAR approach. Since core or monetary inflation is not directly observable, we develop a monetary general equilibrium model that fits real aggregated European data and we use this model to generate time series for headline as well as core inflation. For five different schemes which attempt to identify core inflation within a VAR framework it is investigated whether the estimated core inflation series recover the true series sufficiently precise in order to be useful for monetary policy.     

The Role of Happiness in Financial Decisions: Evidence from Financial Portfolio Choice and Five European Countries

This paper investigates the role of happiness in portfolio choices. Previous literature has only emphasized the reverse association. An additional novelty of the paper is that the analysis focuses on a wider country sample, while the literature has mainly focused on the U.S. and U.K. economies. Based on micro data from five European countries, i.e., France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and the U.K., spanning the period 2009–2014, the results show that higher levels of happiness lead to higher shares of risky assets in financial portfolios. The findings survive a number of robustness tests. When asset holdings are disaggregated by the extent of the risk associated with them, this effect remains only for safe and low-risk assets, whereas the effect for assets with higher risks is the reverse.

     

营商环境对高技术产业创新绩效的影响

通过构建2008—2016年30个省级面板数据,运用固定效应模型研究营商环境对高技术产业创新绩效的影响.实证发现:营商环境对高技术产业专利申请数量有显著正向影响,且对西部的影响程度显著大于东中部地区,但影响强度低于R&D内部经费支出、科研机构数量等因素;从全国层面来看,营商环境的改善对高技术产业的新产品销售收入产生了不利影响.根据回归结果,分地区和创新的不同阶段提出相关政策建议,政府应通过加强知识产权的保护和严格高技术产业审批标准等措施进一步促进高技术产业的健康发展.