明代西湖的景观文化：明代公共工程背景下西湖园林发展

杭州西湖是中国艺术史上最重要的地点之一，然而在西方语言中并没有专门对其明代状况的研究。明代300年的统治对西湖的发展是至关重要的，16世纪初因扩张的农耕导致西湖空间几近消失，而至16世纪末西湖则是明代最主要的旅游景点之一。以景观文化的新的跨学科方法角度，探讨导致这种巨大变化的社会和审美进程；并将展示在这些进程中，美学、历史认同和经济发展如何扮演着不同角色，而且并不总是和谐一致。     

申遗背景下的中国自然遗产潜力评估

参照世界自然遗产地学、美学、生物生态过程和濒危物种栖息地4项申遗评选标准,依据地貌景观、生物景观等价值构成,建立美学价值评估方法;依据世界遗产13类地学主题评价框架、地质演化过程、典型类型地貌等价值构成,建立地学价值评估方法;依据生态系统过程、物种多样性、栖息地等价值构成,建立生物生态学价值评估方法。利用全球对比的方法提取和评估突出普遍价值,将中国自然遗产潜力区分为青藏高原区、西北干旱区、东部季风区等生态环境基本单元,筛选我国世界自然遗产潜力区。重点提出海洋类世界自然遗产和西部北部地区申遗的可能性,提出中国申报世界自然遗产突出普遍价值的评估策略与优先原则。     

城市湖景对住宅价格的空间影响——以杭州西湖为例

城市湖泊具有重要的景观生态价值,对住宅价格的影响显著,一直受到国内外学者的关注。以杭州西湖为例,采用2011年杭州市6城区649个住宅小区的相关数据,建立传统特征价格模型,并从方向—距离异质性两个维度对模型进行改进,实证分析城市大型景观中心对住宅价格的空间影响差异。结果表明:①西湖对杭州市住宅价格具有显著的正向外部性效应,到西湖的距离每增加1%,住宅价格将下降0.226%。②西湖对住宅价格的影响存在显著的方向异质性,平均的空间影响范围为5.62km,但在不同方向上西湖的价格弹性呈现明显差异。③在以西湖为中心、同心圆状向四周扩散的过程中,住宅价格对西湖距离的空间敏感性呈现出先急剧减小后缓慢增大的趋势。     

关于开展杭州西湖地学旅游及建立"杭州西湖国家地学公园"的设想

杭州西湖地区有着极丰富的地质学、地貌学、湖泊学及河口水文学等地学内容，且研究程度高，是我国高校重要的地学实习基地，具备开展地学专题旅游及建立“国家地学公园”的优越条件。内容丰富，多样性和综合性是此“地学公园”的特色，“西湖成因”可作为其主题。钱江涌潮划入此“地学公园”的范围，按其规模和意义可申报世界自然遗产。     

基于景观内涵的现代景观设计探讨

对目前地理学、景观生态学、景观设计学领域中所存在的关于景观内涵的多种不同解释进行了分析和总结。并在此基础上,讨论了景观内涵对现代景观设计的指导作用。从艺术性、生态性和社会性三个方面提出了现代景观设计的美学,生态学,尊重文化和以人为本的设计原则。     

工业景观遗产的层级结构及其完整性保护——以东北老工业区为例

景观视角下的工业遗产是由工业区域（带）景观遗产、工业城市景观遗产、城市工业区景观遗产和工业建筑（群）景观遗产所构成的多层级结构系统。东北地区是我国重要的老工业基地,区域范围内有着各层级的工业景观遗产类型,有不少工业景观遗产整体价值突出,保存较好。通过设立工业遗产保护规划区,制定各层级工业景观遗产的科学评估体系,将那些真正具有整体意义的工业景观遗产分别列入历史文化名城、历史文化街区及文物保护单位或优秀历史建筑等文化遗产保护序列,以实现工业遗产的完整性保护。     

关于西湖与东湖旅游发展差距的探索

杭州西湖和武汉东湖都是著名的城市湖泊风景区,东湖的面积几乎是西湖的三倍有余,旅游资源并不逊色于西湖,而且地处中国的中心位置,然而其旅游业的发展情况却与西湖相差甚远。通过几个不同的方面对东西湖在旅游业发展中的巨大差距进行分析,探讨东西湖在旅游资源、旅游品牌塑造、旅游景区管理等方面的差异,并从这些差异入手,提出东湖景区旅游发展的改进措施,为东湖的旅游发展提供参考。     

乡土文化景观安全格局及遗产廊道构建 研究——以福建永泰为例

借助ArcGIS空间分析技术,运用景观安全格局理 论和空间阻力模型分析方法,以福建永泰为例,针对乡土文化 遗产体验进行景观资源适宜性评价,同时建立低、中、高3个 级别的景观安全格局水平。结果表明：乡土文化遗产体验适宜 性水平较高,低中等安全格局水平所占比例高达81.11%。为 此,提出构建永泰乡土遗产廊道、形成乡土遗产景观网络与全 域旅游开发利用的具体建议措施,旨在加强乡土文化安全与景 观遗产的整体保护,促进全域旅游开发保护与乡村全面振兴的 实现。     

基于景观内涵的现代景观设计探讨

对目前地理学、景观生态学、景观设计学领域中所存在的关于景观内涵的多种不同解释进行了分析和总结.并在此基础上,讨论了景观内涵对现代景观设计的指导作用.从艺术性、生态性和社会性三个方面提出了现代景观设计的美学,生态学,尊重文化和以人为本的设计原则.     

避暑山庄写仿杭州西湖辨析

近期有学者著文提出避暑山庄整体山水格局及部分 景点存在写仿杭州西湖的可能。针对这一说法,对相关文献重 新进行考证和分析,认为相关证据并不充分,避暑山庄在造园 过程可能受到西湖风景一定的影响,但二者的自然条件和景观 面貌存在较大差异,没有直接的对应模拟关系,不属于严格意 义上的写仿性质。清代帝王在诗文中经常以西湖为参照对象来 品赏山庄风景,但从未明确说明有直接模仿的意图。避暑山庄 湖泊的轮廓远比西湖复杂,水上堤径的走向、岛屿的形态也与 西湖不同,永佑寺塔的兴建与杭州六和塔并无关联。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。