The Vikings versus the world: An examination of Nordic business research

This paper presents the results of an analysis of the articles published by Nordic management scholars in the 15 most important business research journals during the period 1981–1992. The analysis shows that the predominance of North American scholars in these journals is massive. However, although Nordic management researchers account for only about 1% of all the authorships, they constitute an important minority in the field. These Northerners are more successful in the European journals and tend to focus mainly on accounting and organizational problems. Their frame of reference is heavily influenced by the Carnegie-Tech tradition, that is the works of Richard M. Cyert, James G. March and Herbert A. Simon. This means that their publication behaviour in international journals is rather similar to that which appears in the Scandinavian Journal of Management.     

In search of management development in Europe: from self-fulfilling prophecies to organizational competence

This paper gives an overview and a critical analysis of the concept of High Flyer programmes in management development. Based on a discussion of the need for management development in modern knowledge- and service-based organizations, strengths and weaknesses of traditional management development programmes are discussed. In particular, the so-called ‘fast-track’programmes for high-potential employees are presented. This analysis shows that, although management development is supposed to be a vital contributor to organizational competence, learning, and change, High Flyer Programmes are (still) mainly an instrument for individual and personal career development. An alternative interpretation of management development is presented which emphasizes the match between personal growth and organizational learning and which links career, organization development and competitive advantage of the organization. In conclusion, implications for practice and research are discussed.

Quantitative results from the most recent Cranfield Network on European HRM Survey are presented and analysed.     

Cross-cultural study of managerial recruitment tools in Nordic countries

The article describes recruitment tools used in the four main Nordic countries (Finland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark). It tries to compare résumés, covering letters and interviewing techniques used so as to extract what is most valued by each of them.

Both junior and senior levels of management need to be aware of the variety of practices described here but it is their decision to tailor their documents to the expectations of the country to which they are applying. In a similar fashion, employers need to be more open-minded as to how recruiters across Europe bear judgment on anyone’s application. The question may also be raised as to who will set the European standards for such documents in the future. But, as résumés in the Nordic countries, as elsewhere, reflect management values, they are bound to differ for some time until a European management style eventually emerges.

The specificities of the tools used by Finland, Norway, Denmark and Sweden are studied in detail as well their underlying managerial values.     

Cluster Analysis in Data‐Driven Management and Decisions

Clustering plays an important role in management and decision‐making processes. This paper first discusses three types of cluster analysis methods—centroid‐based, connectivity‐based, and density‐based. Then the challenges to traditional clustering in new business environments are highlighted, with algorithmic extensions and innovative efforts for coping with data that is dynamic, large‐scale, representative, non‐convex, and consensus in nature. In addition, three application cases are illustrated, where clustering is incorporated into the overall solution in the contexts of management support, business of sharing economy, and healthcare decision assistance.     

环境管理会计理论与实务问题分析

环境管理会计作为管理会计创新的组成部分,其理论研究和实务在过去十年里得到迅速发展．本文对国际上解决常规管理会计中有关问题的EMA理论研究和实务现状进行了分析,回顾了国际上有关行业的EMA 案例,分析了其存在问题,探讨了环境管理会计在投资评估、成本计算以及绩效管理等方面的进一步工作．     

In search of relevance: Project management in drifting environments

It can be assumed that projects are designed to produce relevant outcomes. However, it cannot be assumed that originally intended outcomes will necessarily remain relevant over time. This article explores the challenges to project management that stem from the possibility of relevance becoming eroded in the course of implementation. Relevance can become eroded when the environment of a project starts drifting. This may happen if, for example, customers change their preferences, competitors their strategies or corporate management their commitments. Alternative strategies for coping with drifting environments are discussed.     

Project‐as‐practice: In search of project management research that matters

Research on projects is not only an immature field of research, but it is also insubstantial when it comes to understanding what occurs in projects. This article contributes to making project management research matter to the academic as well as to the practitioner by developing a project‐as‐practice approach, in alignment with the ongoing debate in social science research. The article outlines a framework and argues that there are two major challenges to the researcher and also suggests how these challenges can be met. Underlying notions of the practice approach are outlined to ensure a development of the project‐as‐practice approach that makes project management research matter!     

The two faces of Nordic management? Nordic firms and their employee relations in the Baltic States

This study examines Nordic management styles in union and non-union industrial enterprises in the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) through case studies of nine Nordic subsidiary companies, based on on-site interviews with management and employees.1 1. Here, I refer to ‘Nordic’ countries denoting Denmark, Finland and Sweden, for the companies chosen for research are from these three countries and for the sake of common social and economic characteristics among these three countries, basing on the varieties of capitalism (VoC) literature. That is why Norway, a country seen usually in the composition of the Nordic countries, is left out of this investigation. The entity ‘Baltic States’ or ‘Baltic countries’ refers here to the three countries on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea: Estonia (population 1.4 million), Latvia (2.3 million) and Lithuania (3.4 million). This analysis construes the ‘Nordic model’ of management style as ‘bargained constitutional’ or ‘sophisticated consultative’, following Purcell and Ahlstrand's (1994) matrix of management styles in the highly unionized countries of origin, characterized as coordinated market economies. The case studies reveal that in the Baltic liberal-market environment, Nordic employers exhibit a variety of management styles, ranging from sophisticated human relations or paternalistic relations styles in non-union contexts, to an adversarial bargained style or modern paternalistic style in unionized subsidiary firms. The Nordic model's ‘bargained constitutionalism’ only occurs in those cases in the sample in which Soviet-era trade union structures survive, or where an in-firm union has fought for recognition and collective bargaining.     

A global study of graduate management of technology programs

In the last decade, the field of technology management has attracted considerable attention from practitioners and scholars. The rapid emergence of powerful and innovative technologies in manufacturing, computing, telecommunications and the life sciences, such as biotechnology are making the strategic management of technology, a critical task in virtually all organizations. Reflecting this trend, several universities offer graduate programs in the management of technology (MOT). These programs have originated from various academic schools and disciplines (business, engineering, public policy) creating considerable diversity of focus, themes emphasized, courses, and student backgrounds. The rise of these programs, in part, reflects the growing need for managers and technologists who are able to understand, contribute to, and manage a wide variety of technology-based programs and organizations. This paper presents the results of a global study of graduate MOT programs. Over fifty (50) universities participated in the research reported in this paper. Findings related to research trends, curriculum developments, staffing, program implementation, and program emphases are examined. Several recommendations are advanced for universities considering initiating or further developing their MOT program. In addition, observations about the future direction of the field are made.     

A decision support system to improve the efficiency of resource allocation in healthcare management

Limitations in healthcare funding require hospitals to find more effective ways to utilize resources. An effective patient management system is critically dependent on the accurate analysis of individual patient outcomes and resource utilization. In the current paper, a management-oriented decision support model is thus proposed to assist health system managers in improving the efficiency of their systems. In the first stage of the model, the key variables affecting system efficiency, as well as their causal relationships, are identified through causal maps. Efficiency is measured by the total time spent in the system. In the second stage, a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) is employed to represent both the conditional dependencies and uncertainties of the key variables. In the third stage, a sensitivity analysis is performed using a BBN to determine the most critical variable(s) in terms of impact on the system. Finally, strategies to improve system efficiency are proposed. The suggested decision support system is applied to the tomography section in the radiology department of a private hospital in Turkey.     

Information systems project management decision making: The influence of experience and risk propensity

Managing information systems (IS) projects is a notoriously difficult task. The project manager is a crucial player in a successful IS development project. This research examines how a project manager's prior experience and risk propensity influence his or her decision making. An experiment was conducted that showed that both experience and risk propensity have significant influence on the decisions made.     

Ranking participants in tournaments by means of rating functions

In this paper we bring a novel approach to the theory of tournament rankings. We combine two different theories that are widely used to establish rankings of populations after a given tournament. First, we use the statistical approach of paired comparison analysis to define the performance of a player in a natural way. Then, we determine a ranking (and rating) of the players in the given tournament. Finally, we show, among other properties, that the new ranking method is the unique one satisfying a natural consistency requirement.     

数字化电厂MOD统计管理子系统分析

现阶段统计管理工作不仅是对电厂内部生产经营情况进行加工整理,还能实现统计的三大职能,系统通过引入实时数据进行分析,并通过科学的分析方法,为各级管理部门提供经济决策。     

煤炭企业物资管理信息化改革与实施

文中以北京昊华有限公司下的木城涧煤矿为依托,介绍了现代煤炭企业在物资管理方面信息化建设和实施过程。该矿通过开发并应用井下重要物资跟踪管理信息系统,对物资的管理由传统的经验型管理模式转向精细化管理模式,并相应制定了新的物资管理制度。实施结果表明,该煤矿在物资管理水平方面和企业经济效益都获得明显的改善和提高。     

基于印度文明的印度式管理特质研究

本文在综述已有研究的基础上,对基于印度文明的印度管理特质加以总结,最后运用一个案例作了具体而深入的分析。     

Performance Evaluation of Enterprise Knowledge Management based on Multiple Attribute Group Decision Making

Given that the classical performance evaluation models can not deal with the group decision making problems since they simply average the index, we propose an enterprise knowledge management evaluation model based on multiple attribute group decision making （ MAGDM ）. Find the differences between Ordered Weighted Averaging （ OWA ） and methods for uncertain decision making. Also, analyze the multiple attribute group decision making process and implement the algorithm. Finally, apply the method on performance evaluation of four enterprises and make sensitivity analysis towards the evaluation results.     

浅议管理会计在医院财务管理中的作用

在计算机迅速发展的今天,以手工操作为主的传统会计模式被计算机逐步取代的情况下,医院会计工作要向管理型会计转化.医院要适应当前的形势,加强财务管理工作是必不可少的一个主要方面,管理会计作为财务管理的一个重要分支,恰恰适应了当前特殊时期医院在财务管理上的需求,文中阐述了管理会计在医院财务管理中的重要作用并提出了几点建议.