春节废弃物物流存在的问题及对策

广州市民、企业在过春节时,为了求得吉利和美化生活环境,总要购买大量的花卉、盆橘等摆放。春节过后,大量的枯花烂橘被弃置,不仅给环境带来危害,而且造成人力物力的浪费,本文以废弃物流相关理论作指导,提出解决问题的对策建议。     

降低企业物流成本的方法研究

研究企业物流成本的目的在于降低成本,提高企业的利润。本文从全局的角度介绍了物流运作现状,明确目前物流成本高的瓶颈问题以及降低物流成本突破口,最后提出降低物流成本的方法。     

政府在老年产业发展中的作用研究

当老年产业受制于市场的不成熟、不完善而无法顺利形成良性互动式发展趋势时,由政府介入解开市场与企业间的“死结”就成为一种必然的要求。政府应针对不同性质的领域采取不同的对策。对老年产业竞争性领域的政府对策和非竞争性领域的政府对策问题作了分类研究,并着重对老年产业竞争性领域提出了发展思路和可以采取的具体对策措施。     

生产企业物流成本管理存在的问题及对策

随着物流成本的节约给企业带来巨大效益的同时,更加需要加强物流成本的管理水平。通过对物流成本及物流成本管理现状的分析,提出了物流成本管理中存在的问题。针对以上存在的问题,依据国家最新制定的标准,优化物流流程,构筑现代物流信息系统,避免隐性成本中的不可控因素,建立一套合理的物流成本核算体系,可以降低物流成本,加强物流成本管理的水平。     

供应链中的逆向物流管理

随着市场的发展,越来越多的企业将不得不面临逆向物流问题。企业对逆向物流的处理能力将会变得越来越重要。对于逆向物流问题,企业应当从战略的角度积极寻找解决逆向物流问题的方案;培养自己对处理逆向物流的能力。     

Credit cards in the United Kingdom—where the power lies in the battle between the banks and the retailers

This paper looks at the development of the two types of credit card systems in the UK, the bank credit cards and the retailer credit cards. The article seeks to address the issue of who will hold the balance of power at the introduction of an EFTPOS, or direct‐debit, system into the UK. The situation in 1988 appears to be that retailers are well up the “learning curve” as regards the management and marketing of credit and so are increasingly proving to be a threat to the banks not only in the provision of credit but also in offering a wide range of financial services.     

Splitting the firm between the entrepreneur and the venture capitalist with the help of stock options

The Net Present Value (NPV) Rule provides the basic principle underlying the sharing of ownership in a new venture. The principle often fails because the entrepreneur and the venture capitalist cannot agree on the potential profitability value of the venture.First, the venture capitalist may simply have a less optimistic interpretation of the data related to the venture's profit potential. We refer to this discrepancy between the expectation of the entrepreneur and that of the venture capitalist as the expectation gap.Second, the venture capitalist knows that for the venture's potential to be realized, the entrepreneur/manager must devote his full effort to the success of the organization. This is not a problem if the entrepreneur owns the entire project. Once the ownership is shared, however, especially when the venture capitalists own the majority of the shares, the entrepreneur has a financial incentive to apply less than the diligence required to control costs and protect the interests of the outside equity holders. This financial incentive arises because any perk, including leisure or shirking, consumed by the entrepreneur does not have to be shared with the venture capitalist, while every dollar saved does. This is not solved by the venture capitalist acquiring a larger percentage of the company. That will only exacerbate the problem as it decreases the cost to the entrepreneur of each dollar of the company's funds spent for the perk. We refer to this as the motivation problem.In the article, we show how stock options can be used to deal effectively with both problems. First, stock options are always worth more to the optimist than to the pessimist. Thus, there will be a reverse valuation gap with respect to the stock options. We show that by issuing stock options to the entrepreneur, it is possible to close the expectation gap.To solve the motivation problem, the entrepreneur's stake must be increased to the extent where the cost to him of excessive consumption of perks will be as high as the benefit he derives. This can be accomplished by taking advantage of two valuation characteristics of stock options. First, stock options are worth only a fraction of the value of the underlying equity shares. Thus, it is easier for the venture capitalist to give up these, rather than the underlying equity shares. Second, the stock options will fluctuate with the venturing firm's value at a higher rate than the entrepreneur's percentage ownership. Thus, by issuing the entrepreneur a combination of equity shares and stock options, it is possible to increase significantly the entrepreneur's cost of “shirking” or “excessive consumption of perks.” Under idealized conditions, it is possible to design a financing arrangement that eliminates the motivation problem.The principles discussed here provide benchmarks that both the entrepreneur and the venture capitalist may wish to bring to the negotiating table. In the end, there is no substitute for the building of trust between the two to give the venture the maximum chance of success.     

Implications of the introduction of the Euro for the Mediterranean countries

The Mediterranean peripheral countries cannot afford to be passive viewers of the fundamental changes that are taking place in Europe after the introduction of the Euro. The new developments pose formidable challenges and opportunities. It will be argued that no single group of developing countries will be more affected by these changes than the Mediterranean countries given their geographical proximity to the region and their long historical record of extensive and large economic interactions (trade, finance, and migration). This article examines the implications of the introduction of the single currency in Europe on Mediterranean central bank reserves and foreign external liabilities, trade and capital flow, and exchange rate policies. It is shown that since most Mediterranean trade is with the EU, Mediterranean central banks will be necessitated to hold major portions of their foreign exchange reserves in Euros. Also, a Mediterranean currency peg to the Euro, or to a basket of currencies where the Euro is allocated, will be important in reducing financial and trade transaction costs. It will also be hypothesized that Mediterranean foreign debts will eventually have to be converted to Euros. Finally, parallels between this region and the U.S–Caribbean region will be drawn to reinforce the argument that trade and capital dependence will eventually lead to a pegging of the Mediterranean currencies to the Euro. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

浅谈运用“联合”理念促进物流运输绿色化

物流运输绿色化是经济可持续发展的要求,要实现物流运输绿色化需要多主体、多策略联合发挥作用。     

浅谈电子商务对物流的新要求及对策

本文从电子商务发展中的物流瓶颈问题出发,论述了电子商务对物流配送提出的新要求,进一步探讨了物流配送要适应电子商务发展新要求的有关对策,提出了物流配送如何改进方法,以快速、低廉的手段将商品从供方送到需方。     

Factors Affecting the Adoption of the Internet in the Public Sector

ABSTRACT

Research in the area of electronic marketing has focused considerable attention on consumers' and advertisers' perceptions of the Internet as a marketing communication medium. Whilst such research has been undertaken mostly in the private sector, it is important to recognize, and attempt to understand, the growing number of public sector organizations that have an Internet presence. Results of a study of the perceptions of managers in public sector organizations of the Internet as a marketing communication tool are reported. Findings suggest that decision makers in the public sector who feel that there is a need for their organizations to have an Internet presence, are more inclined to adopt the Internet as part of their marketing communications program. Furthermore, they are more likely to feel that use of the Internet will improve their overall marketing effectiveness. It is also interesting to note that the perceived complexity of using the Internet has a significant effect on both the adoption of and attitude towards the Internet as a marketing communications tool. This suggests that there is still some uncertainty amongst public sector organizations as to the usefulness of the Internet in marketing their services.     

浅谈马克思主义思想的与时俱进品质

本文通过分析马克思主义思想与时俱进品质的基本内涵、特征及对中国共产党发展的影响,提出新时期的发展策略,以期通过本文的阐述将马克思主义思想的发展与历史相结合,在实践中把代表最广大人民的根本利益与促进人的全面发展有机统一起来,为加快我国发展提供理论依据.     

丝绸行业物流管理的发展及对策

我国丝绸业生产能力虽然有所提高,但丝绸企业物流管理滞后,效率低下,无法取得良好的经济效益。本文就如何加快丝绸行业物流管理发展进行了探讨,在提出现代物流管理的发展趋势和优势所在的前提下分析了我国丝绸行业物流的现状和存在的问题,并给出丝绸行业发展现代物流管理的相关对策建议。     

Economic Effects of the Syrian War and the Spread of the Islamic State on the Levant

This paper uses a global computable general equilibrium framework with new detail on six Levant countries – the Arab Republic of Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, the Syrian Arab Republic and Turkey – to quantify the direct and indirect economic effects of the Syrian war and the advance of the Islamic State on the Levant. Syria and Iraq bear the brunt of the direct economic costs, while the other Levant countries lose in per capita but not in aggregate terms as the inflows of refugees increase the size of their populations. The war has undermined progress towards deeper regional trade integration, thus adding to varying degrees to the direct costs sustained by the Levant economies and, in the cases of Syria and Iraq, doubling their welfare losses. All Levant countries are foregoing opportunities to expand intra‐Levant trade and the associated gains in economic efficiency. The average welfare effects are not indicative of the distributional effects of war within countries.     

对第三方物流企业开展物流金融业务机理的探讨

本文从供应链管理的角度出发,初步探讨了第三方物流企业开展物流金融的业务机理,运用经济学与管理学的相关理论分析了物流金融业务降低交易风险和减少交易费用的原因,阐述了物流金融业务对供应链物流资源的整合。     

《经修正的京都公约》的修正机制及公约未来走向分析——《经修正的京都公约》全面审议中的条约法问题研究之一

当前WCO对《经修正的京都公约》全面审议工作是国际海关制度领域二十年一遇之事,我国有必要充分认识公约及其全面审议的重要性,以谋长远。《经修正的京都公约》实际上是一个公约群,其中主约是整个公约存在与运行的基础,也决定了公约修改的难易程度。正确认识公约主约及《修正京都公约的议定书》的重要性,正确认识公约管委会职能范围及其与WCO的关系,是我国把握公约全面审议的合法性及其进程的关键。《经修订的京都公约》主约规定了公约修正采用“分类提案、分类修正、分类表决、分类接受”的机制。对比1973年《京都公约》和1999年《经修正的京都公约》的发展更替过程,可发现《经修正的京都公约》是新条约,而非原1973年《京都公约》的延续。因此,当前在现行公约框架下,虽然全面审议工作完全实现目标的可能性不大,公约修正案难以完全生效。但谈判各方可以在现行公约框架下修正公约,以另一新公约替代1999年《经修正的京都公约》,或者将工作报告文本的内容转化为WCO软法性工具或文件。但无论如何,全面审议工作的成果,即使是局部成果,仍然将影响此后20年全球海关法律制度的发展路径与具体内容。     

试论职业生涯管理能力与“毕业生可雇佣性品质”提升——来自澳大利亚教育政策的经验

研究了在瞬息变幻的知识经济时代,大学生可雇佣性远远超越了吸引雇主的一般性就业能力的范畴。反而,为了获得最优的经济和社会产出,毕业生必须具有一种前瞻性能力,能够驾驭工作环境和构建自我管理职业生涯。理想的毕业生品质模型展示了自我管理和职业生涯构建技能的重要性,同时表明了其对终身职业发展和可雇佣性强化的作用。     

RFID在供应链物流管理中的应用

供应链物流管理对提高物流效率和核心竞争力具有重要作用,而物流信息技术是供应链管理运作的支撑平台和基础。RFID可以很好解决供应链物流管理中的底层数据采集的"瓶颈"难题。     

Identifying the employee of the future

Hewlett-Packard evaluated its future marketing needs and compared it to the capabilities of current employees. This case study is an example of how other companies can ensure they have the best people to meet their strategic goals.     

借鉴美国经验创建新型工业化

信息化是我国加快实现工业化和现代化的必然选择,我们必须坚持"走新型工业化"的道路.要实现信息化带动工业化,走新型工业化道路,必须借鉴美国信息化发展的经验,紧紧抓住全球信息化发展的历史机遇,大力推进我国的信息化建设,快速提高我国经济信息化水平.