股票市场定向增发的信息迁移效应分析

本文研究了华夏银行在定向增发过程中公告重要事项,是否会引起其他上市银行业公司的股价波动,即是否存在信息迁移效应。文章发现,上市银行投资组合对于华夏银行公告定向增发获得批准事件没有显著反应,对于华夏银行公告定向增发预案只在公告前一日和公告当日有显著反应,而对华夏银行发布股东大会公告反应明显,在多个窗口期内均有超额收益,表明“类比效应”占主导,因此同行业上市公司呈现正向市场反应。     

Accuracy of Relative Weights on Multiple Leading Performance Measures: Effects on Managerial Performance and Knowledge

Many firms that use multiple lead measures in their performance measurement systems do not validate the causal model linking these measures to future financial outcomes, and the cause‐and‐effect relationships in the model are often left to subjective estimates that may be prone to errors. Using an experiment, this study examines how the accuracy of assumptions about the relative importance of lead measures in a causal model affects managerial performance and knowledge, when managers are given the opportunity to learn over multiple periods. The results show that having inaccurate relative weights on lead measures improves performance, reduces performance variability, and enhances knowledge, relative to not having any weights. Furthermore, performance is similar under accurate versus inaccurate relative weights, whereas knowledge is better under inaccurate than accurate relative weights, providing no support for the biasing effects of inaccurate relative weights. The findings suggest that, at least under certain circumstances, managers benefit even if they are given inaccurate relative weights on lead measures, and they are able to correct those inaccuracies to reach a comparable level of performance and knowledge as if they had been given accurate relative weights.     

跨国公司海外投资进入模式与绩效的多视角整合研究——基于中国制造业上市公司数据的经验分析

新兴国家企业对外投资的快速发展,推动了企业海外投资进入模式研究中交易成本视角、实物期权视角的融合。文章在整合两种视角相关变量的基础上,对中国制造业上市公司海外投资进入模式及绩效进行了实证分析。研究发现:交易成本变量中资产专用性、投资不确定性分别对中国跨国公司(MNE)采用全资子公司、合资的进入模式起到积极的影响;实物期权变量中经济不确定性、战略弹性分别对中国MNE采用合资、全资子公司进入模式起到积极的影响;整合两种视角理论要素、检验变量的实证模型提高了预测的有效性,符合两种视角一致性要求的进入模式选择对中国海外投资企业有着绩效提升的现实意义。     

The Effects of Performance Measurement and Compensation on Motivation: An Empirical Study

Summary This paper analyzes empirically the relationship between pay and performance. Economic and psychological theories predict that the design and implementation of a performance measurement and compensation system affect the motivation of employees. Our survey results demonstrate a positive relationship between the perceived characteristics of the complete compensation system and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is not affected by the design of monetary compensation, but by promotion opportunities. The compensation system also significantly affects work satisfaction and turnover intent. Our results have both managerial as well as policy implications. We would like to thank the organization and the participants of the 2002 conference of the Performance Measurement Association in Boston for helpful discussions and also seminar participants of the Dutch Labor Market Conference. We are grateful for the comments provided by Bruno S. Frey. The paper has also significantly benefited from the suggestions and comments of two anonymous referees.     

从无形资产到用益物权：会计影响与因应研究

包括用益物权在内的物权关系,必须与其所处的社会制度或政治制度相适应,所以必然会对会计产生影响。物权法生效以来,与用益物权有关的会计业务,对无形资产等具体会计准则产生了冲击。我们首次从基本经济制度视角,质疑用益物权会计的国际趋同或等效这个命题的存在性;进而提出解决用益物权会计与现行具体会计准则之间分歧的思路,具体思路有两个,一是改进现行准则以适应用益物权核算的要求,二是建立相对独立的用益物权准则。     

自我概念视角下个人——工作契合与人力资源管理效能的关系研究--心理授权的部分中介效应

文章以自我概念为基础,通过个人-工作契合与不契合两种路径探讨人力资源管理效能的产生机制,将心理授权作为个人-工作契合与人力资源管理效能之间的部分中介变量,构建个人-工作不契合条件下的个体-组织自我决策行为矩阵,通过结构方程模型验证发现,供给-需求契合与人力资源管理效能之间不存在显著关系,要求-能力契合、自我概念-工作契合与人力资源管理效能之间存在显著正向关系,心理授权起到部分中介作用。     

Publishing in the Majors: A Comparison of Accounting,Finance, Management,and Marketing*

Business schools evaluate publication records, especially for the promotion and tenure decision, by comparing the quality and quantity of a candidate's research with those of peers within the same discipline (intradisciplinary) and with those of academics from other business disciplines (interdisciplinary). A recently developed analytical model of the research review process provides theory about the norms used by editors and referees in deciding whether to publish research papers. The model predicts that interdisciplinary differences exist in quality norms, which could result in disparity among business disciplines in the number of top‐tier articles published. I examine the period from 1980 to 1999 and, consistent with the theory, find that significant differences exist in the number of articles and proportion of doctoral faculty who published in the “major” journals in accounting, finance, management, and marketing. Most notably, the proportion of doctoral faculty publishing a major article is 1.4 to 2.4 times greater in the other business disciplines than in accounting (depending on the set of journals). The theory also predicts an upward drift over time in the quality norms used by referees. Consistent with a drift, the number of articles published has declined substantially in marketing and, to a lesser extent, in the other business disciplines.     

Accounting for Flexibility and Efficiency: A Field Study of Management Control Systems in a Restaurant Chain*

While some field studies have suggested that management control systems can be used simultaneously to make organizations more efficient and more flexible, the contingency literature has found it difficult to address this issue in the absence of a clear and comprehensive typology for analyzing more processual uses of management control systems. This paper distinguishes between enabling and coercive (Adler and Borys 1996) uses of management control systems. Coercive use refers to the stereotypical top‐down control approach that emphasizes centralization and preplanning. In contrast, enabling use seeks to put employees in a position to deal directly with the inevitable contingencies in their work. The design principles that underlie the enabling use of management control systems are repair, internal transparency, global transparency, and flexibility. Through a detailed analysis of a single‐case field study carried out over a two‐year period, we illustrate how management pursued the objectives of efficiency and flexibility by using management control systems in enabling ways. We suggest that the four design principles of enabling use can facilitate field studies of management control systems, but that they can also be used to define an enabling typology for contingency researchers to analyze the ways in which organizations simultaneously pursue efficiency and flexibility through their management control systems.     

Accounting Information and CEO Compensation: The Role of Cash Flow from Operations in the Presence of Earnings*

We examine the role of cash flow from operations (CFO) in chief executive officer (CEO) cash compensation. We predict that CFO is contract‐relevant in the presence of earnings, and more so when (1) the quality of earnings relative to the quality of CFO as a measure of performance is low and (2) the need for CFO as a financing source is high. Our analysis is motivated principally by normative arguments and anecdotes from financial disclosures linking CFO to managerial effort and contracts, notwithstanding the traditional role of earnings in performance measurement. We find that the weight of CFO in the compensation model is positive and significant in the presence of earnings and stock returns. We also find that the relative quality of CFO compared with that of earnings has a positive (negative) impact on the weight of CFO (earnings). We further find that the relative weight of CFO is enhanced substantially when enterprise activities crucially depend on internally generated cash flow. These findings are unaltered when we include CEO age, firm size, and risk in the model and allow the coefficients to vary across industries.     

我国股票首次公开发行时盈余管理与上市后市场表现的实证研究

本文借鉴西方关于股票上市后市场表现的研究成果,结合我国股市的实际,选取沪市101只股票作为样本,计算上市公司上市后的超常回报率并依据它分组,运用统计方法分析发现,①首次公开发行股票的公司在发行当年进行的盈余管理程度与其股票上市后的短期市场表现显著相关;②首次公开发行的公司在发行当年进行的盈余管理程度与其股票上市后中、长期市场表现无显著关系。     

新疆上市公司高管人员激励与企业经营绩效的实证研究

企业高管人员的激励问题一直是各方关注的焦点。本文运用新疆上市公司的经验证据来考察公司经营绩效与高级管理人员激励的关系。结果表明，高管人员的年度报酬与上市公司的经营绩效并不存在显著的正相关关系。高级管理人员的持股也没有达到预期的激励效果，而仅仅是一种福利制度安排。国家股比例与公司经营绩效之间不存在正相关或负相关的关系。研究结果还表明，高级管理人员的报酬水平与企业规模（总资产）存在显著的正相关关系，与其所持股份存在负相关关系。     

The Effects of a Dutch High School Curriculum Reform on Performance in and After Higher Education

This paper investigates the effect of a major reform in the final years of the two highest levels of Dutch secondary education. The reform focused on increasing active and independent learning and aimed to improve the match between secondary and higher education. We use data from six graduation cohorts from Dutch higher education and exploit the fact that two recent graduation cohorts contain both students that were treated with the new curriculum and students that were treated with the old curriculum. The effects of the curriculum change have been estimated by using a difference-in-differences approach for matched samples of treated and untreated graduates. We find that the reform had no effect on student performance and labour market outcomes.